Clinic Theory IV - Final Exam Review PDF

Clinic Theory IV – Final Exam Review LEGAL AND ETHICAL DECISION MAKING: Chapter 7 o Define Ethical Principals: Autonomy, Beneficence, Non Maleficence, Justice, Veracity, Fidelity o Autonomy  Individual right to self-determination...

Clinic Theory IV – Final Exam Review LEGAL AND ETHICAL DECISION MAKING: Chapter 7 o Define Ethical Principals: Autonomy, Beneficence, Non Maleficence, Justice, Veracity, Fidelity o Autonomy  Individual right to self-determination  Obtaining informed consent from the client o Beneficence  Provision of benefit or promoting good  Acting in the best interest of the patient o Non-Maleficence  “Above all, do no harm”  Do not do a procedure for which you are not adequately trained o Justice  Fairness and equality o Veracity  Truth telling or integrity o Fidelity  Obligation to keep implied or explicit promises o Ethical Decision-Making Framework o 1. Define the conflict or dilemma o 2. Identify the ethical issues o 3. Gather relevant information o 4. Identify the ethical alternative – list possible courses of actions/their implications o 5. Establish an ethical position and prioritize the alternatives o 6. Select, justify, and defend the provider’s chosen alternative DENTAL IMPLANTS AND PERI-IMPLANT CARE: Chapter 31 o Parts of an Implant o Anchor  Metal device in the bone, frequently coated with synthetic biocompatible material o Abutment  Connection between the implant anchor and the prosthetic appliance o Pontic  Artificial tooth on a fixed or removable denture o Implant  Device that surgically inserted into the bone o The metal  Titanium or Vitallium o Contraindications for Implants: o History of head/neck radiation, prolonged bisphosphonate use, poor control of systemic conditions, psychosis, active periodontal therapy, smoking >10 cigarettes per day o Implants should not be marketed to clients as an intervention for TMJ issues o Process for Osseointegrated Implants o Extraction of tooth – 3–6-month healing period Clinic Theory IV – Final Exam Review o Surgical placement of implant – 3–6-month healing period o Sign of implant failure: mobility** o Implant care o Uni-tuft interspace brush  Can be dipped in 0.12% CHX to enhance biofilm and gingivitis contorl o Power brushes  Or Soft-Bristled** toothbrushes o Plastic Nylon-Coated Interdental Brush o Rubber Tip o Dentifrice/Floss/Tape  Low-Abrasive o Oral Irrigation o Anti-microbial Agent o Removable prosthesis should be cleaned 2x/day o Professional Care: o Plastic Probe – do not probe at each appt as it may disturb biologic seal o Plastic-Teflon Scalers, Gold-Tipped Gracey’s, Graphite-Reinforced Nylon Scalers, High-Tech Plastic o Specialized tips for ultrasonic/piezo to minimize damage to titanium o Air-polish with sodium bicarbonate or glycine powder PIT & FISSURE SEALANT: Chapter 35  Approximately 90% of caries occur in P&F – molars are most susceptible  Sealants can be both therapeutic and preventative  Preventative – placed in teeth without cavities to prevent future caries  Therapeutic – placed in teeth with incipient cavities to try and stop decay  Indication for sealants:  Deep plaque retentive pits, incipient caries with NO radiographic evidence of caries on the proximal surface, xerostomia, orthodontic appliances, head/neck radiation, infrequent professional preventative care, high caries risk/heavy plaque, newly erupted permanent molars, frequent snacking.  Most common reason for sealant failure: saliva contamination  Types of Sealants (curing):  Self-Curing  Used in community health/school-based programs  No special equipment required  Autopolymerized  Hardens within 60-90s of mixing  Cure/shrink toward the center – providing good margins  Photopolymerized  Hardens when exposed to curing light (10-20s) Clinic Theory IV – Final Exam Review  Cure/harden towards the light – compromising sealant margins  Types of Sealants (filled/unfilled):  Filled  Purpose of filler is to make more resistant to wear  Resistant to wear but may require adjustment  Must be checked with articulating paper and may require adjustments.  Unfilled  Clear – do not contain particles  Flow better, more retention but abrade easily  In a school program – unfilled autopolymerized sealant would be ideal as less equipment is required o Steps for Sealant:  The proper placement of a sealant requires that the newly erupted tooth considered to be high risk is properly isolated and dry to ensure that the treatment site is visible and accessible. Isolate the area with cotton rolls or dry angle triangles  It is critical to keep the working site free of water and saliva. Hydrophilic primers aid in drying the enamel’s surface, which enhances the sealant attachment.  Use the Garner Clamp to keep cotton rolls in place  The gel (Etch) is placed on the tooth surface  The sealant brush should approach the etched tooth with a low contact angle of