Exam Questions: Geographic Information Systems Applications in Human Geography - 1434-1435 PDF

Summary

This document contains exam questions for a Geography course covering the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Human Geography during the academic year 1434-1435. The questions cover various aspects of GIS, including data types, analysis methods, and real-world applications.

Full Transcript

‫ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ‪ 1435 - 1434‬ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫]ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ -‬ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ ‪ -‬ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ[‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﻮﻥ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮﻭﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﻮﺍ ﺑﻨﻮﺍﺣﻲ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﻔﺎءﺓ ﺍﻟﺤ...

‫ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ‪ 1435 - 1434‬ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫]ﺃﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ‪ -‬ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ ‪ -‬ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ[‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﻮﻥ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮﻭﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺍﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﻮﺍ ﺑﻨﻮﺍﺣﻲ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﻔﺎءﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪ ,‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺳﺎﻫﻤﻮﺍ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻵﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﺨﺮﺍﺋﻂ ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺧﺎﻇﺌﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻻ ﺍﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻻﺷﻴﺊ ﻣﻤﺎ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺎﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺠﻴﻮﻣﻮﺭﻓﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺧﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ (3‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻻﺭﺽ ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻛﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺃ‪+‬ﺏ‬ ‫‪ (4‬ﺍﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﻼﻧﻲ ﻭﻳﺘﻢ ﻣﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺑﺪﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﺋﻠﻲ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫‪ (5‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻤﻴﺰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﻴﺔ ﻫﻮ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻻﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺴﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻭ ﺧﻂ ﺍﻭ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻣﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫‪ (6‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪7/1‬‬ ‫ﻣﻊ ﺗﻤﻨﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ ‪ - kadyan‬ﻣﻠﺘﻘﻰ ﻓﻴﺼﻞ ‪ckfu.org‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻻﻫﺪﺍﻑ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺎ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺟﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺑ‪+‬ﺞ‬ ‫‪ (7‬ﺍﻟﺴؤﺍﻝ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬؟‬ ‫‪................... (8‬ﺑﻨﻮﻙ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺘﻬﺎ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﺨﺰﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺎ ﺛﻢ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻧﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺑ‪+‬ﺞ‬ ‫‪ (9‬ﻳﻬﺪﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻻﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺪﻯ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻻﻫﺪﺍﻑ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻣﺎﺫﻛﺮ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫‪ (10‬ﻳﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺃ‪+‬ﺏ‬ ‫‪.......... (11‬ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺍﺕ ﺗﻌﻴﻖ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻮ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺍﻭ ﺳﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎﺭ ﺍﻭ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺼﻨﻊ ﺍﻭ ﻭﺍﺩﻱ ﺍﻭ ﻧﻬﺮ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﻔﺰ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺰﺣﻒ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﯩء‬ ‫‪ (12‬ﻳﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ ‪gis of Applications planning urban‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺤﻀﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪7/2‬‬ ‫ﻣﻊ ﺗﻤﻨﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ ‪ - kadyan‬ﻣﻠﺘﻘﻰ ﻓﻴﺼﻞ ‪ckfu.org‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪ (13‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻻﺭﺍﺿﻲ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ‪ GIS‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻲ ) ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺎﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻳﺠﺎﺑﺔ (‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺜﻲ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺨﻲ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻨﻬﺞ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﺬﺟﺔ‬ ‫‪ (14‬ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺮﺟﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺧﺮﺍﺋﻂ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺭﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻣﺎﺫﻛﺮ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫‪ (15‬ﺍﻟﺴؤﺍﻝ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬؟‬ ‫‪ (16‬ﺍﻟﺴؤﺍﻝ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬؟‬ ‫‪ (17‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﺤﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ " ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ "‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻻ ﺍﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻏﻴﺮ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫‪ (18‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﺠﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻲ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﻓﺲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ) ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻳﺠﺎﺑﺔ (‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻻﺯﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻻﻻﺕ‬ ‫‪ (19‬ﻳﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ ‪analysis spatial demographic gis of target‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻨﻤﺬﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻨﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻤﻮﻏﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺑﻨﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪7/3‬‬ ‫ﻣﻊ ﺗﻤﻨﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ ‪ - kadyan‬ﻣﻠﺘﻘﻰ ﻓﻴﺼﻞ ‪ckfu.org‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺑﻨﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻗﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺑﻨﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ (20‬ﻏﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﺍﻟﺴؤﺍﻝ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬؟‬ ‫‪ (21‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﻭﺣﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻮﺙ " ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻻ ﺍﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻏﻴﺮ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫‪ (22‬ﻣﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺇﻧﺠﺎﺯﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻤﻮﻏﺮﺍﻓﻲ ﺑﻨﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻫﻮ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻤﻮﻏﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻤﻮﻏﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻤﻮﻏﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻟﻠﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻤﻮﻏﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺏ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪. -‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻤﻮﻏﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻷﺳﺲ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺃﻭﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ‬ ‫‪ (23‬ﺍﻟﺴؤﺍﻝ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬؟‬ ‫‪ (24‬ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻞ ﻹﻧﺠﺎﺯ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﺷﺮﻭﻃﺎً ﻭﻣﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ" ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺰﺭﺍﻋﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻣﺎﺫﻛﺮ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫‪ (25‬ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻼﻡ ﻋﻦ ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﺤﻲ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ "‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪7/4‬‬ ‫ﻣﻊ ﺗﻤﻨﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ ‪ - kadyan‬ﻣﻠﺘﻘﻰ ﻓﻴﺼﻞ ‪ckfu.org‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻻ ﺍﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻏﻴﺮ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫‪ (26‬ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻭﺗﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﻨﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ " ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺧﺎﻃﺌﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻻ ﺍﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻏﻴﺮ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫‪ (27‬ﻳﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ " ‪" data Raster‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪ (28‬ﺑﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﻭﺩﻗﺔ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﻭﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻜﺴﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ (29‬ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﺍﺋﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ) ﺍﻟﺴؤﺍﻝ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﺿﺞ (‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺮﺍﺋﻂ ) ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺟﺎﺑﺔ (‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻀﻠﻊ‬ ‫‪ (30‬ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺧﺮﻳﻄﺔ ﻣﺰﻭﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪Geocoding -‬‬ ‫‪- Scanner‬‬ ‫‪- Information‬‬ ‫‪- Data‬‬ ‫‪ (31‬ﺍﻟﺴؤﺍﻝ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪7/5‬‬ ‫ﻣﻊ ﺗﻤﻨﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ ‪ - kadyan‬ﻣﻠﺘﻘﻰ ﻓﻴﺼﻞ ‪ckfu.org‬‬ ‫‪-‬؟‬ ‫‪ (32‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻈﻮﺍﻫﺮ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﺠﺎﻟﻴﺎ ﻛﺎﻟﻨﻘﻂ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﻁ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ " ﻫﺬﺍ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺑﺎﺭﻛﺮ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺳﻤﻴﺚ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻻﺑﻼﺵ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺩﻭﻳﻜﺮ‬ ‫‪............................. (33‬ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺃﻗﻤﺎﺭ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻭﻣﺨﺼﺺ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﻌﺮﻑ ﺑﺨﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ ﻭﺍﻻﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ ‪UTC‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺸﻌﺎﺭ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫‪- GIS‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺃ‪+‬ﺏ‬ ‫‪ (34‬ﻳﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﻨﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﻮﺍﻫﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺑﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﺗﺤﻤﻜﻪ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻋﻦ ﻇﻮﺍﻫﺮ ﻭﺃﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ – ﺃﻱ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻹﺣﺪﺍﺛﻴﺎﺕ ) ‪.( X,Y‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻧﻤﻠﻜﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺷﻴء ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻭ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺃ‪+‬ﺝ‬ ‫‪ (35‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻣﻊ ‪ GIS‬ﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ ﺏ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ ﺍﻻﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻘﺘﺮﺣﺎﺕ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻔﺢ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻝ ‪GIS‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻬﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﺪﺓ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺃ‪+‬ﺏ‬ ‫‪ (36‬ﻣﻦ ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﺨﻔﻴﺾ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﻭﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﺨﻔﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﺨﻔﻴﺾ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻣﺎ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫‪ (37‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻟـ ‪ Hardware‬ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪7/6‬‬ ‫ﻣﻊ ﺗﻤﻨﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ ‪ - kadyan‬ﻣﻠﺘﻘﻰ ﻓﻴﺼﻞ ‪ckfu.org‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻏﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻏﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ ‪7/7‬‬ ‫ﻣﻊ ﺗﻤﻨﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺠﺎﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ ‪ - kadyan‬ﻣﻠﺘﻘﻰ ﻓﻴﺼﻞ ‪ckfu.org‬‬ ‫)‪Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org‬‬

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