Chemical Safety 2024-2025 PDF

Prayer Let us remember that we are in the Most Holy Presence of God. In the name of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, Amen. St John Baptiste de La Salle, pray for us. Live Jesus in our hearts, forever. CHEMICAL SAFETY Targeted outcome Understand chemical h...

Prayer Let us remember that we are in the Most Holy Presence of God. In the name of the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, Amen. St John Baptiste de La Salle, pray for us. Live Jesus in our hearts, forever. CHEMICAL SAFETY Targeted outcome Understand chemical hazards and the safe and proper handling of chemicals. Learning Objectives 1. Explain chemical hazards 2. How to identify chemical hazards 3. How to control chemical hazards 4. Components of a Chemical Safety Program Chemical Hazard – any chemical that can cause illness, injury, or an emergency – The first rule of chemical safety is… "Know what you are working with and how to protect yourself and others“ Sources of Chemical Hazards brought directly into the workplace and handled, stored and used for processing e.g. solvents, cleaning agents, glues, resins, paints. generated by a process or work activity e.g. fumes from welding/ soldering, dust from machining of wood, flour dust, solvents generated as waste or residue e.g. fumes from soldering iron, carbon monoxide from engine or motor exhausts. Chemical hazards arise from excessive airborne concentration of Vapors - formed when liquid evaporates usually associated with solvents, adhesives, alcohols, etc ex. hydrocarbons (toluene), ketones (methyl ethyl ketone), esters (ethyl acetate), ether (ethyl ether), alcohols (ethyl alcohol) Mists - suspended liquid droplets when vapor condenses back to liquid ex. acids sprayed during electroplating and spraying Fumes - volatilized solid that condenses when they contact air ex. molten metals (lead, iron, etc.) & processes like welding, metalizing and coating Chemical hazards arise from excessive airborne concentration of Gases - substances in the gaseous state at room temperature and pressure ex. methane and LPG Dusts - refers to the suspension of solid particles in air  Types of Chemical Hazards Physical Hazards Health Hazards  Physical Hazards… Chemicals are classified as having Physical Hazards if they are ✓ Explosive ✓ Compressed Gas ✓ Combustible Liquids ✓ Flammable ✓ Unstable ✓ Water Reactive ✓ Oxidizers  Physical Hazards… Some chemicals may be safe by themselves, but become dangerous when in contact with other substances.  Chemicals with Physical Hazards… Used only by trained employees Stored in a safe manner Never mixed with other chemicals unless by an approved procedure  Health Hazards Chemicals are classified as being a health hazard if they: ✓Can cause cancer ✓Are poisonous (toxic) ✓Cause harm to your skin, internal organs, or nervous system ✓Are corrosive - such as acids ✓Cause allergic reactions after repeated exposure  Chemicals can enter the body through: your lungs if you breath fumes, mists or dust your skin if liquid or dust touches or spills on you or splashes in your eyes your mouth if you eat after handling chemicals accidental swallowing of a chemical  Identification of Chemical Hazards The most important sources of information on the hazards of chemicals are the label and the safety data sheet (SDS). Labels. Chemicals should be supplied with a label attached to the container. The label gives information on the chemical or product name, the chemical hazards and the precautions you should take into account to ensure safe use. SDS. A document that must be provided with all hazardous chemicals. It provides useful information on the chemical hazards, advice on safe handling, use and storage, and the emergency measures to be followed in case of an accident. Detailed information sheet prepared by manufacturer. Identification of Chemical Hazards GHS GHS stands for the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals. GHS defines and classifies the hazards of chemical products, and communicates health and safety information on labels and safety data sheets. The goal is that the same set of rules for classifying hazards, and the same format will be adopted and used around the world. GHS is for Manufacturers, Employers and Employees – Manufacturers must determine the physical and health hazards of the products they make and provide that information to users. – Employers must determine which workplace materials are hazardous and provide employees with the information, training and equipment they need to protect themselves and others. – Employee must use their Right-to-Know knowledge to stay safe and healthy on the job. Icons in GHS Signal Word Health Effects of Chemical Hazards Minimata Disease (Lead poisoning) Health Effects of Chemical Hazards  Chemical Health Effects Irritants: Inflame skin tissue on contact. Corrosives: Destroy skin tissue at point of contact. Sensitizers: Cause allergic reactions. Target-Organ Chemicals: Damage specific body organs and systems. Reproductive Hazards: Change genetic information in egg or sperm cells and/or damage fetus after conception. Carcinogens: Cause cancer. Industrial Safety Lecture Three 23 Control of the Chemical Hazards Control of the Chemical Hazards Management Control Measures Minimise the number of employees who might be involved in a task. e.g. implementing job rotation Exclude other employees not involved in the task from the area where the chemical is being used. Provide training to your employees on the hazards and safe use of the chemicals they work with. Ensure the availability of safe work procedures. Ensure chemicals with hazardous properties are correctly stored. Ensure emergency procedures are in place in the event of an accident e.g. spillage. A preventative maintenance programme is an important element of administrative control. Control of the Chemical Hazards Engineering Control Measures Carrying out your process in closed containers which are vented to a safe place. Using local exhaust ventilation (LEV) at the source of the hazard. Using isolation/containment hoods or booths. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Eye/face protection (e.g. safety glasses, goggles, face shields). Skin protection (e.g. chemical resistant footwear – shoes/boots clothing aprons/suits). Hand protection (e.g. glove, disposable or otherwise, which are suitable for the job). Respiratory protection (e.g. respirators, masks or hoods that give adequate protection).