Chemical Bonding PDF

CHEMICAL BONDING 7  SECOND QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL 07 LEARNING COMPETENCY Recognize different types of compounds (ionic or covalent) based on their properties such as melting point, hardness, polarity, and electrical and thermal conductivity. 01....

CHEMICAL BONDING 7  SECOND QUARTER MOST ESSENTIAL 07 LEARNING COMPETENCY Recognize different types of compounds (ionic or covalent) based on their properties such as melting point, hardness, polarity, and electrical and thermal conductivity. 01. 02. WHAT IS A WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF Chemical Bond? Chemical Bond? 03. 04. HOW ARE Ionic and Covalent PRACTICE EXERCISE Compounds DIFFERENT? 01. CHEMICAL BOND What is a Chemical Bond?  Chemical Bond is a force that holds groups of two or more atoms together and makes them function as a unit. Chemical Bond is the physical phenomenon of chemical substances being held together by the attraction of atoms to each other through sharing, as well as exchanging of electrons or electrostatic force. What causes this forces? Bonds are formed when constituent atoms come close enough together such that the outer electrons of one atom are attracted to the positive nuclear charge of its neighbor.  Atoms interact with one another to Why form form aggregates such as molecules, compounds, and crystals because chemical doing so lowers the total energy of bonds? the system; that is, the aggregates are more stable than the isolated atoms.  Many atoms become stable when their outermost shell is filled with electrons or when they satisfy the octet rule (by Why form having eight electrons in their outermost chemical shell). bonds? Why form Molecular bonding and structure play chemical the central role in determining the course of chemical reactions, many bonds? of which are vital to our survival. Both graphite and diamond are composed solely of carbon atoms. However, graphite is a soft, slippery material used in pencils, and diamond is one of the hardest materials known, valuable both as a gemstone and in industrial cutting tools. 02. TYPES OF CHEMICAL BOND What are the different types of chemical bond and how are each type formed? The type of bonding is determined by how the outermost electrons of an atom, the so-called valence electrons interact with neighboring atoms.  What Is This Topic About? Mercury Here you could give a brief description of the topic you want to talk about. For example, if you want to talk about Mercury, you could say that it’s the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System  The position of an element in the periodic table determines the type of bonds it makes. This Is a Graph  TYPES OF CHEMICAL BOND IONIC BOND - results from the transfer of electrons from one element to another. COVALENT BOND - results from the sharing of electrons between two atoms  TYPES OF CHEMICAL BOND IONIC BOND - form between a metal and a nonmetal. COVALENT BOND - formed when two nonmetals combine; also formed when a metalloid bond to a nonmetal.  IONIC BOND An ionic bond is a chemical bond formed through the transfer of one or more electrons from one atom or group of atoms to another atom or group of atoms.  IONIC BOND When sodium and chlorine react to form sodium chloride, electrons are transferred from the sodium atoms to the chlorine atoms to form Na- and Cl- ions, which then aggregate to form solid sodium chloride. IONIC BOND IONIC BOND COVALENT BOND A covalent bond is a chemical bond formed through the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between two atoms.  COVALENT BOND When hydrogen atoms are close together, the two electrons are simultaneously attracted to both nuclei. The electron probability increases between the two nuclei indicating that the electrons are shared by the two nuclei. COVALENT BOND  TYPES OF COVALENT BOND POLAR COVALENT the electrons are unequally shared by the atoms and spend more time close to one atom than the other NON-POLAR COVALENT form between two atoms of the same element, or between atoms of different elements that share electrons more or less equally. COMMON COVALENT COMPOUNDS 03. COVALENT VS IONIC COMPOUNDS How are covalent compounds different from ionic compounds?  IONIC VS COVALENT COMPOUND CONDUCTIVITY is the measure of the ease at which an Ionic Low conductivity electric charge or2 heat pass through a Covalent Very low conductivity material HARDNESS is the resistance of a material to deformation of an indenter of specific size and shape under known load. Ionic Hard because of its crystalline structure Covalent Not very hard, though exceptions are silicon, diamond and carbon  IONIC VS COVALENT COMPOUND MELTING POINT the temperature at which a material changes from a solid to a liquid. BOILING POINT temperature at which a material changes from liquid to gas. Ionic High Covalent Low IONIC VS COVALENT COMPOUND  IONIC VS COVALENT COMPOUND VOLATILITY Ionic Low tendency of a substance to evaporate at a normal temperature Covalent High SOLUBILITY ability for a given substance, the solute to dissolve in a solvent. Ionic Usually soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvents such as alcohol, benzene, propane etc. Covalent Usually insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as alcohol, benzene, propane etc. Thank You! CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon, and infographics & images by Freepik. Please keep this slide for attribution.