Types of Chemical Reactions PDF

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS Types of Chemical Reactions 1. Synthesis Reactions: A chemical reaction in which two or more elements or compounds combine to form a single larger compound A + B AB + magnesiu + oxygen magnesium oxide m 2Mg + O2...

TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS Types of Chemical Reactions 1. Synthesis Reactions: A chemical reaction in which two or more elements or compounds combine to form a single larger compound A + B AB + magnesiu + oxygen magnesium oxide m 2Mg + O2 2MgO 2 Types of Chemical Reactions 1. Synthesis Reactions: A + B AB + 3 Types of Chemical Reactions 2. Decomposition Reactions: A chemical reaction in which a compound is broken down into elements or smaller compounds AB A + B + sodium iodide sodiu + iodine m 2 NaI 2Na + I2 4 Types of Chemical Reactions 2. Decomposition Reactions: AB A + B + 5 Types of Chemical Reactions 3. Single Displacement Reactions: A chemical reaction in which one element displaces another element in a compound A + C CB + A B + + calcium sodium + sodium + calcium chloride chloride CaCl + 2Na 2NaCl + Ca 2 6 Types of Chemical Reactions 3. Single Displacement Reactions: Note: If the element is a metal  it displaces the metal in the compound If the element is a non-metal  it displaces the non- metalA in the+ C compound CB + A B + + 7 Types of Chemical Reactions 4. Double Displacement Reactions: A chemical reaction that occurs when elements in different compounds exchange places to form two new compounds A + CD AD + CB B + + lead(II) potassium lead(II) potassium + + nitrate iodide iodide nitrate Pb(NO3 + 2 KI PbI2 + 2KNO3 )2 8 Types of Chemical Reactions 4. Double Displacement Reactions: A + CD AD + CB B + + 9 Types of Chemical Reactions Examples: synthesis 1. 2 H2 + O2 2 H2O single 2. 2 KI + Cl2 2 KCl + I2 displacem ent double 3. 2 NaI + Pb(NO3)2 2 NaNO3 + PbI2 displace ment decomposi 4. 6 NaHCO3 3 Na2CO3 + 3 H2O + 3 single CO tion2 displacem 5. 2 AgNO3 + Cu Cu(NO3)2 + 2 Ag ent synthes 6.H2O + SO3 H2SO4 is decomposi tion 7. 2 KClO3 2 KCl + 3 O2 double displacem ent 8.BaCl2 + Na2SO4 2 NaCl(aq) + BaSO4 10 Types of Chemical Reactions 5. Combustion Reactions: rapid reaction of a hydrocarbon (organic compound composed of only C & H) with oxygen Note: Hydrocarbons make excellent fuels, contain high energy covalent bonds this energy (heat & light) is released when the bonds are broken during combustion 11 Types of Chemical Reactions Example: (complete combustion) Carbon hydrocarbo+ oxygen heat + water n dioxide always the products of complete combustion Carbon metha + oxygen heat dioxide + water ne CH4 + 2O2 heat CO + 2 H2 2 O 12 Types of Chemical Reactions Example: (incomplete combustion) hydrocar + Carbon Carbon Carbo bon oxygen heat + + dioxid monoxi n + water e de oxygen butane + heat Carbon Carbon Carbo+ water + + dioxid monoxi n e de C4H1 + 5 O2 heat 2CO + C + C + 5H2 0 Incomplete Combustion: 2 O O not enough oxygen is available to completely burn the hydrocarbon four products are always produced (CO2, CO, C, H2O) carbon produced during incomplete combustion is responsible for black soot (i.e. fireplaces, tail pipes etc) 13