Chapter 6 - CC1 (Part 1 and 2) PDF

15th Edition Understanding Computers Today and Tomorrow Comprehensive Chapter 6: Application Software Deborah Morley Charles S. Copyright 2015 Cengage Learning...

15th Edition Understanding Computers Today and Tomorrow Comprehensive Chapter 6: Application Software Deborah Morley Charles S. Copyright 2015 Cengage Learning  Learning Objectives 1. Describe what application software is, the different types of ownership rights, and the difference between installed and cloud software. 2. Detail some concepts and commands that many software programs have in common. 3. Discuss word processing and explain what kinds of documents are created using this type of program. 4. Explain the purpose of spreadsheet software and the kinds of documents created using this type of program. Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 2 Edition  Learning Objectives 5. Identify some of the vocabulary used with database software and discuss the benefits of using this type of program. 6. Describe what presentation graphics and electronic slide shows are and when they might be used. 7. List some types of graphics and multimedia software that consumers use frequently. 8. Name several other types of application software programs and discuss what functions they perform. Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 3 Edition  Overview This chapter covers: – General characteristics of application software – The most widely used types of application software, including: Word processing Spreadsheet Database Presentation graphics Graphics and multimedia software – Overview of other types of application Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th Duck Race - Duck Games 4 Edition software  The Basics of Application Software Software Ownership Rights – Specify the allowable use of the program – Software license Gives you the right to use a software program Specifies the conditions under which the buyer can use the software – Open-source software Programs with source code made available to the general public Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 5 Edition  Inside the Industry Box Open Source Software – Use is growing – In addition to Linux and other open source operating systems, there are many open source apps – Open source is typically cheaper – Can also be more stable and – secure Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 6 Edition  The Basics of Application Software Commercial Software – Copyrighted software developed and sold for profit – Typically comes with a single-user license Shareware – Copyrighted software distributed on the honor system – Consumers should either pay for it or uninstall it after the trial period Freeware – Copyrighted software programs that are given away by the author for others to use free of charge Edition PublicComputers: Understanding Domain Software Today and Tomorrow, 15th 7  The Basics of Application Software Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 8 Edition  Desktop vs. Mobile Software Personal computers use desktop software Smartphones and other mobile devices typically require mobile software called apps – Specifically designed for a specific type of device Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th Edition– 9 Wide range of  Installed vs. Cloud Software Installed Software – Must be installed on the computer before it can be run – Can be purchased in physical form – Can be downloaded from the Internet Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 10 Edition  Installed vs. Cloud Software Cloud Software – Is delivered on-demand via the Web – Also called Software as a Service (SaaS) and cloudware – Includes free software and fee-based software – Advantages of cloud software Files can be accessed from any computer with an Internet connection Ease of implementation Improved collaboration capabilities Always working with the most current Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 11 Edition version of software  Installed vs. Cloud Software – Potential disadvantages of cloud software Online applications tend to run more slowly Have file size limits Cost may eventually exceed the cost of purchasing a similar installed version of the software Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 12 Edition  Trend Box Airline Apps – American Airlines is issuing media tablets to all cabin personnel and iPads to all pilots – Replaces paper manuals and maps – Expected to be able to provide passengers with additional services such as connection and weather info and food purchases and other in-flight transactions Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 13 Edition  Software Suites Software Suites – Collection of software programs bundled together and sold as a single software package – Office suites are used by most businesses/individuals to produce documents and typically include: Word processing software Spreadsheet software Database software Presentation graphics-software – Provide a common interface among programs in the suite Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 14 Edition  Common Software Commands Toolbars, Menus, Keyboard Shortcuts, and the Ribbon – Provide access to most commands in application programs – Keyboard shortcuts can be used Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 15 Edition  Common Software Commands Ribbon used in Microsoft Office and later – Commands are organized into groups located on tabs – Contextual tabs appear on the Ribbon as needed and contain special commands Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 16 Edition  Common Software Commands Editing a Document – Changing the content of the document, such as inserting or deleting words – Insertion point Indicates the current location in a document, which is where the changes will be made – Typing text inserts the text at the insertion point location – Delete and Backspace keys delete text – Text and objects can typically be selected and moved, copied, deleted, or formatted Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 17 Edition  Common Software Commands Formatting a Document – Changes the appearance of the document Changes font face, font size, and/or font color Changes line spacing or margins Adds page numbers and/or borders Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 18 Edition  Common Software Commands Getting Help – Often built into the program and typically contains: Table of Contents Browsing Search – Online help (via manufacturer’s Web site and independent sites) – Offline help (periodicals, books, tutorial videos, classes) Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 19 Edition  Quick Quiz 1.Software programs that are distributed on the honor system and can be legally and ethically shared with others to try out the software are referred to as. a.shareware programs b.commercial software c.public domain software 2.True or False: Software purchased via the Internet is always in downloaded, not packaged, form. 3.A group of related software programs sold together as one unit is called a(n). Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 20 Edition  Word Processing Concepts What Is Word Processing? – Using a computer and word processing software to create, edit, save, and print written documents such as letters, contracts, and manuscripts – Common Word Processing Software Programs Microsoft Word Google Docs Apple Pages LibreOffice Writer WPS Writer Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 21 Edition  Word Processing Concepts Creating a Word Processing Document – Word wrap Automatically returns the insertion point to the next line when the end of the screen line is reached – Character formatting (font face, size, style, or color) – Paragraph formatting (line spacing, indentation, alignment, and styles) – Page formatting (margins, paper size, orientation, Understanding Edition headers, Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th footers, etc.) 22  Word Processing Concepts Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 23 Edition  Word Processing Concepts Tables, Graphics, and Templates – Tables Allow content to be organized in a table consisting of rows and columns – Graphics or Drawing Features Allow images to be inserted into a document (clip art, photographs, drawn images, etc.) and then modified – Templates Help users create new documents quickly Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 24 Edition  Word Processing Concepts Word Processing and the Web – Most word processing programs today include Web- related features allowing you to: Send a document as an e-mail message Include Web page hyperlinks in documents Create or modify Web pages Create and publish blogs Collaborate with others online Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 25 Edition  Spreadsheet Concepts What Is a Spreadsheet? – Documents containing a group of numbers and other data organized into rows and columns – Spreadsheet software includes the following tools Formulas, data analysis tools, charts, and graphs – Most widely used spreadsheet programs: Microsoft Excel Google Sheets Apple Numbers Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 26 Edition  Spreadsheet Concepts Creating a Spreadsheet – Worksheet: a single spreadsheet – Workbook: a collection of worksheets saved in a single file – Worksheets are divided into rows and columns – Cell The intersection of a row and a column Each cell is identified by a cell address, such as A1 Cell pointer is used to select a cell Cell pointer can be used to select more than one cell (range or block) Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 27 Edition  Spreadsheet Concepts Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 28 Edition  Spreadsheet Concepts Entering Data into a Spreadsheet Cell – Labels Text-based entry in a worksheet cell that identifies data on the worksheet – Constant Values Numerical entry in a worksheet cell – Formulas Perform mathematical operations on the content of other cells Usually reference the cell address, not the current data in a cell Use mathematical operators; begin with an = sign Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 29 Edition  Spreadsheet Concepts Function – A named, pre-programmed formula – Hundreds of functions that can be used in spreadsheets Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 30 Edition  Spreadsheet Concepts Absolute vs. Relative Cell Referencing – Relative cell references Cell addresses are adjusted as the formula is copied – Absolute cell references Formulas are copied exactly as they are written Appropriate when you want to use a specific cell address in all copies of the formula Use $ to make cell references absolute: $B$6 Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 31 Edition  Spreadsheet Concepts Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 32 Edition  Spreadsheet Concepts Charts and What-If Analysis – Most spreadsheet programs include some type of charting or graphing capability – Can create charts from the data in the spreadsheet (do not have to reenter it) – Charts change accordingly if the data in the spreadsheet changes – When cell contents are changed, formulas are automatically recalculated – What-if-analysis Edition Understanding Tool frequently used to help make Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 33  Spreadsheet Concepts Spreadsheets and the Web – Most spreadsheet programs have built-in Web capabilities enabling the user to: Save the current worksheet as a Web page Insert hyperlinks inserted into worksheet cells Select and copy ranges of cells to a Web publishing or word processing program to insert spreadsheet data into a Web page as a table Send a workbook as an e-mail message Collaborate online Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 34 Edition  Quick Quiz 1.Changing the line spacing of a document is an example of which word processing feature? a.word wrap b.editing c.formatting 2.True or False: A label is a special type of named formula, such as SUM to add up a group of cell values. 3.A spreadsheet document created in a spreadsheet program is often called a(n). Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 35 Edition  Database Concepts What Is a Database? – A collection of related data that is stored in a manner enabling information to be retrieved as needed – Database Management System (DBMS) Software that allows the creation and manipulation of an electronic database – Most widely used relational database programs Microsoft Access Oracle Database IBM’s DB2 Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 36 Edition  Database Concepts Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 37 Edition  Database Concepts – Data in a database is organized into fields (columns), records (rows), and tables Field (column) – A single type of data to be stored in a database Record (row) – A collection of related fields Table – A collection of related records Database file – Collection of related tables Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 38 Edition  Database Concepts Creating a Database – Database file is created first Contains objects, such as tables, forms, and queries – Tables can then be created – Typically, the table structure is specified first – Table structure includes: Field name (unique identifying name) Data type (text, number, date, object) Field size (maximum number of characters) Default value (initial content of the field) – The table is named and saved – Tables Understanding can Computers: be Today andcreated Tomorrow, 15thin either Datasheet or 39 Edition Design view  Database Concepts Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 40 Edition  Database Concepts – Data can be displayed using a form or Datasheet view – Data can be edited Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 41 Edition  Database Concepts Queries and Reports – Query A question; a request for specific information from the database Contains criteria to specify the records and fields to be included in the query results Is named and saved so it can be run again at a later time Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 42 Edition  Database Concept Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 43 Edition  Database Concepts – Reports Created when a more formal output is desired Associated with either a table or a query Data is displayed in the specified location Databases and the Web – Many Web sites use one or more databases to: Keep track of inventory Allow searching for people, documents, products, or other information Searching for products on a retail store’s Web site Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 44 Edition  Presentation Graphics Concepts What Is a Presentation Graphic? – An image designed to visually enhance a presentation – Can be used in electronic slide shows, as well as in printed reports Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 45 Edition  Presentation Graphics Concepts – Slide A one-page presentation graphic that can be displayed in a group with others to form an electronic slide show – Electronic Slide Show A group of electronic slides that are displayed one after the other on a computer monitor or other display device – Presentation Graphics Software Used to create presentation graphics – Most common presentation graphics programs Microsoft PowerPoint Corel Presentations Apple Keynote Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 46 Edition  Presentation Graphics Concepts Creating a Presentation – Preformatted slide layouts can often be used – New slides can be added to a new or existing presentation as needed – Slides can contain a variety of elements Text Images Charts Audio clips Video clips Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 47 Edition  Presentation Graphics Concepts Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 48 Edition  Presentation Graphics Concepts Finishing a Presentation – Slide Sorter View Shows thumbnails of all slides in presentation Used to rearrange the slide order – Show can be set up to run automatically or manually – Speaker Tools Speaker notes and pens Presenter view Recorded narration Can print the slides to create overhead transparencies Understanding Computers: or an audience handout Today and Tomorrow, 15th 49 Edition  Presentation Graphics Concepts Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 50 Edition  Presentation Graphics Concepts Presentation Graphics and the Web – Presentation graphics programs can be used to generate Web pages or Web page content – Slides can include hyperlinks – Users can usually control Web-based presentations accessed via a Web browser Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 51 Edition  Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Graphics – Graphical images, such as digital photographs, clip art, scanned drawings, and original images created using a software program Multimedia – Technically refers to any application that contains more than one type of media – Often used to refer to audio or video content Large variety of graphics and multimedia software used to: – Create or modify graphics – Edit digital audio or video Edition– Play multimedia files Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 52  Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Graphics Software (Digital Imaging Software) – Used to create or modify images – Painting Programs Typically used to create bitmap images (Microsoft Paint) – Drawing Programs (Illustration programs) Typically create images using mathematical formulas Popular programs include Adobe Illustrator, CorelDRAW, and Corel Painter Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 53 Edition  Graphics and Multimedia Concepts – Image Editing or Photo Editing Programs Designed for touching up or modifying images – Correcting brightness/contrast – Cropping/eliminating red eye – Optimize file size for the Web – Adobe Photoshop, Apple iPhoto, etc. Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 54 Edition  Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Audio Capture and Editing Software – Used to create and edit audio files Sound recorder software captures sound from a microphone Ripping software captures sound from a CD – Edits and applies special effects – Common consumer products Edition Windows Sound Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 55  Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Video Editing and DVD Authoring Software – Video Editing Software Modifies existing videos Prepares video clips for presentations or Web sites – DVD Authoring Software Organizes content to be transferred to DVD – DVD Burning Software Records data on recordable or rewritable DVDs – Common consumer video editing programs include Roxio Creator, Apple iMovie, etc. Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 56 Edition  Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 57 Edition  Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Media Players – Programs designed to play audio and video files Music CDs, downloaded music, online audio Downloaded and online video – Important to adhere to copyright laws when using digital music – Media players include: RealPlayer, Apple QuickTime, Windows Media Player, etc. Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 58 Edition  Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Graphics, Multimedia, and the Web – Often used by individuals and businesses to create Web sites or content to be shared via the Web Company logos Web site banners Games Tutorials Videos Demonstrations Other multimedia content Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 59 Edition  Other Types of Application Software Desktop and Personal Publishing Software Educational, Entertainment, and Reference Software Note Taking Software and Web Notebooks Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 60 Edition  Other Types of Application Software CAD and Other Types of Design Software Accounting and Personal Finance Software Project Management, Collaboration, and Remote Access Software Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 61 Edition  Quick Quiz 1.A single type of data to be included in a database (viewed as a column in a table) is called a. a.record b.field c.table 2.True or False: Each slide in a slide presentation can contain only one type of element, such as text, an image, or a video clip. 3.Recording content on a CD or DVD disc is referred to as the disc. Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 62 Edition  Summary The Basics of Application Software Word Processing Concepts Spreadsheet Concepts Database Concepts Presentation Graphics Content Graphics and Multimedia Concepts Other Types of Application Software Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 15th 63 Edition