Chapter 11: Japanese Occupation PDF

Chapter 11: Japanese Occupation December 1941- September 1945 Overview Initial Attacks Resistance Occupation Primary Sources Outbreak of World War 2…. Dec. 7, 1941 (Dec 8 in the Philippines) - bombing of Pearl Harbor [Hawaii] Subsequent bombings of American military instal...

Chapter 11: Japanese Occupation December 1941- September 1945 Overview Initial Attacks Resistance Occupation Primary Sources Outbreak of World War 2…. Dec. 7, 1941 (Dec 8 in the Philippines) - bombing of Pearl Harbor [Hawaii] Subsequent bombings of American military installations in the PH: ○ Clark Air Field ○ Nichols Air Field ○ Sangley Point Defense of the PH was priority ○ National Defense Act - established an infantry consisting of a reserve force and active force, army air corps, and navy. ○ 1941- US and PH forces were under the command of Douglas McArthur and the United States Armed Forces in the Far East (USAFFE) Outbreak of World War 2 Japan was an emerging power allied with Italy and Germany (Axis Powers) The US and Great Britain pursued a “Europe First” Policy. ○ Most of the resources will concentrate on fighting the Nazis in Europe ○ The war against Japan in Asia will receive less resources ○ Once Nazi Germany is weakened the Allied Powers will concentrate on the war against Japan Japan - Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere Outbreak of World War 2 Landing of the Japanese forces ○ December 10, 1941- Vigan and Aparri ○ December 20 - Davao ○ December 22 - Lingayen, Pangasinan ○ December 24 - Atimonan, and Mauban Commonwealth was evacuated to Corregidor and the USAFFE forces withdrew to Bataan on Christmas Eve Manila was declared an Open City on December 26 3 months - Filipino and American soldiers withstood Japanese attacks April 9, 1942 noon - the Bataan forces surrendered Outbreak of World War 2 After the Fall of Bataan - Filipino and American troops were forced to march from Bataan to San Fernando, Pampanga. The march led to hunger, dehydration, and fatigue to the point of death. This event shall soon be known as the “Death March.” May 6, 1942- Fall of Corregidor, and surrender of the remaining USAFFE forces led by Commander-in-Chief Jonathan Wainwright. The USAFFE forces surrendered to General Masaharu Homma Contents of the Letter… Contents of Recto’s Letter Filipinos doubting Japan’s sincerity in granting independence and autonomy when everyday realities under Japanese rule do not match policies and proclamations Practices of: ○ Slapping and beating Filipinos in public for the slightest faults ○ Brutal killings and sexual violence, especially against women and children even below 15 yrs. ○ Arrested without proof of crime, and eventual disappearance after arrest ○ Collective punishment on communities for the actions of guerillas End of Japanese Occupation and Return of McArthur