Cellular Respiration: Grade 11 Biology

Cellular Respiration: An overview How important is glucose to us ? Objectives 01 Where do organisms get energy? 02 Understand the relation between photosynthesis and cellular respiration 03 Understanding the three main stages of cellular respiration 01 Where do we get the energy,...

Cellular Respiration: An overview How important is glucose to us ? Objectives 01 Where do organisms get energy? 02 Understand the relation between photosynthesis and cellular respiration 03 Understanding the three main stages of cellular respiration 01 Where do we get the energy, we need ?  Living things get most of the energy they need from glucose. Autotrophs make glucose using photosynthesis. Heterotrophs get glucose from food they eat. Cellular Respiration-The process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen. Two Types: Aerobic-uses oxygen Anaerobic- does not use oxygen A Controlled Release The energy stored in food is released slowly. If the energy were given off all at once, most of it would be lost as light and heat. That is what happens when a marshmallow catches fire. Cellular respiration the process that releases energy from food, such as the simple sugar glucose, when there is oxygen present. 6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy Gradual usage of energy inside of the cell, to avoid the waste of energy. Cellular Respiration The Three Stages are: Glycolysis- anaerobic Kreb’s Cycle- aerobic Electron Transport Chain - aerobic The Main form of Energy produced = ATP The mitochondria The mitochondria is the organelle where the final stages of cellular respiration occurs. Cells that use a lot of energy have high numbers of mitochondria. Example: Muscle cells in the heart!!  Glycolysis Glyco = Glucose lysis = Breakdown Occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell – NOT MITOCHONDRIA Produces = Energy Carrier Molecules 2 ATP Fermintatio n How does anaerobic respiration work? Fermentation Occurs in the Cytoplasm (Just like glycolysis) The side effects of fermentation: Plants produce ethanol alcohol Animals produce lactic acid  Without cell- respiration, we would never recycle the carbon back into the atmosphere for plants to make more sugar. Online simulation link : https://www.ck12.org/assessment/tools/geometry-tool/fullscreen. embed.html?questionId=533c7f98da2cfe11874a32c1&artifactID =1824081&conceptCollectionHandle=biology-::-cellular-respirati on&collectionCreatorID=3&eId=SCI.BIO.153 Lesson review ANSWERS 1. Organisms get the energy they need for their life processes from food. 2. Oxygen + Glucose ➞ Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy (Students may also use symbols.) 3. Photosynthesis takes up carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and releases oxy- gen. Cellular respiration takes up oxy- gen from the atmosphere and releases carbon dioxide Lesson review ANSWERS 4. The reactants in cellular respiration are glucose and oxygen. Glucose is used in the first stage of respiration, glycolysis, where bonds are broken and the energy transferred. Oxygen is not required in this stage. Oxygen is used in the final stage, the electron transport system, to form more energy rich chemical bonds in ATP. The products of cellular respiration are carbon dioxide and water. Breathing is required because the third stage of cellular respiration cannot proceed without it. When the third stage is not operating the second stage also cannot operate, so it is dependent on breathing also Lesson review ANSWERS 5. The chemical equations for photosyn-thesis and respiration are the reverse of each other. They are interrelated because the carbon dioxide that plants require for photosynthesis is produced by respiration, while the oxygen that respiration requires is produced by photosynthesis