Chapter 1: Definitions of Instructional Materials & Development (PDF)

CHAPTER 1 – Introduction to Materials Development DEFINITIONS OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS AND INTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT LEARNING OUTCOMES ▪ An instructiona...

CHAPTER 1 – Introduction to Materials Development DEFINITIONS OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS AND INTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT LEARNING OUTCOMES ▪ An instructional material is any systematic description of the techniques and exercises to be used in the classroom ▪ Discuss instructional materials and instructional materials teaching (Brown, 1995). development. ▪ They are didactic material things which are supposed to ▪ Draw an illustration of an ideal classroom depicting make learning and teaching possible (Obanya, 1989). different language learning instructional materials. ▪ They are human and non-human materials and facilities ▪ Demonstrate understanding on the roles of instructional that can be used to ease, encourage, improve and materials development and its implication in language promote teaching and learning activities. They are learning. defined as resources that organize and support instruction (Remilliard & Heck, 2014). EXPLORE ▪ Anything which can be used to facilitate the learning of a language, including course books, videos, graded readers, TASK 1. Name These Items: Amazon Edition flash cards, games, websites and mobile phone interactions Identify the name of each must-have teachers’ items popular in (Tomlinson, 2012). They can be informative, instructional, Amazon. experiential, eliciting and exploratory. INFORMATIVE INSTRUCTIONAL informing the learner about guiding the learner in the target language practicing the language EXPERIENTIAL ELICITING providing the learner with encouraging the learner to experience of the language use the language use EXPLORATORY helping the learner to make discoveries about the language ▪ Especially designed classroom tools which contains instructions to learners and teachers, and which specify each increment of learning: ✓ The content to be learned; ✓ The techniques of presentation; ✓ Practice and use of that content; and ✓ The modes of teaching associated with those technique. ▪ Instructional materials generally serve as basis for much of the language input learners receive and the language practice that occurs in the classroom (Richards). ▪ Instructional materials serve as an important element within the curriculum and are often the most tangible and visible Source: https://atrailblazingteacher.com/18-absolute-amazon-must-haves-in- aspect of it (Nunan, 1991). the-classroom/ ▪ They can provide a detailed specification of content, even in the absence of the syllabus (Richards & Rogers, 1996). ENGAGE ▪ They can define goals of the syllabus, and the roles of the teachers and the learner within the instructional process DEFINITION OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS (Wright, 1987). ▪ Instructional materials refer to those alternative channels of communication, which a classroom teacher can use to DEFINITION OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS concretize a concept during teaching and learning process. DEVELOPMENT Before a teacher can design or produce an instructional material, he has to know what those instructional ▪ It is the practical undertaking involving the production, materials are, their advantage and disadvantage, evaluation, adaptation and exploitation of materials characteristics, limitations, and others. The essence of intended to facilitate language acquisition and development. producing instructional materials is to facilitate the ▪ It is also a field of academic study investigating the teaching-learning process (Amadioha, 2009). principles and procedures of the design, writing, ELT3 – Language Learning Materials Development ELT3 Teacher– Arnel R. Rosano, LPT  implementation, evaluation and analysis of learning EXECUTE materials. ▪ It is basically dealing with selection, adaptation, and TASK 1: IM on my Name! creation of teaching materials (Nunan, 1991). Use your first name as an acronym. Beside each letter, write a ▪ In practice, it focused on evaluation, adaptation of word or phrase describing an instructional material for language published materials, and creation (development of teaching learning. materials by teacher in line with the existing syllabus). COVERAGE OF MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT The coverage of material development consists of: SELECTION OR PROCESS OF CREATION OF EVALUATION OF ADAPTING TEACHING TEACHING TEACHING MATERIALS MATERIALS MATERIALS The selection or The creation of evaluation of The process of teaching materials teaching material adapting teaching based on the set of on the basis of a materials based on principles, theories, set of criteria and a set of criteria and and the syllabus principles. principles. developed by teachers. ROLES OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS Cunningsworth (1995) summarizes the role of materials (particularly textbooks) in language teaching as a: ▪ resource for presentation materials (spoken or written) ▪ source of activities for learner practice and communicative interaction ▪ reference source for learners on grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, etc. ▪ source of stimulation and ideas for classroom activities ▪ syllabus (where they reflect learning objectives which have TASK 2: Picture a Scene! already been determined) ▪ support for less experienced teachers who have yet to gain In a long-sized bond paper, draw an illustration of an ideal in confidence in the language classroom classroom depicting different language learning instructional materials. You can use any art materials (such as crayons, Dudley-Evans and St. John (1998) suggest that for teachers of colored pens, and markers) in creating your output. Do it in triad. ESP courses, materials serve the following functions: ▪ as a source of language ▪ as a learning support REFERENCES: ▪ for motivation and stimulation De Leon-Abao, E., Alda, R., & Bacus, R. (2021). Language ▪ for reference Learning Material Development. Lorimar Publishing Materials should not be random recreations from repertoire nor ONLINE REFERENCES: crafty clones of previously successful materials. Instead, they https://www.scribd.com/embeds/523101169/content?start_page should be coherent and principled applications of: =1&view%20scroll&access_key=key- ▪ theories of language acquisition and development fFexxf7rlbzEfWu3HKwf&fbclid=IwAR3eLq8ZhTM74Tt5kmDgoH ▪ principles of teaching 2-IHbooeVS3-jH715MdJ4rROcFe4vpWOgBnrQ ▪ our current knowledge of how the target language is actually used https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/introduction-to-materials- ▪ the result of systematic observation and evaluation of development/250454162#8 materials in use Instructional materials should: 1. Expose the learners to language in authentic use 2. Help learners to pay attention to features of authentic input 3. Provide the learners with opportunities to use the target language to achieve communicative purposes 4. Provide opportunities for outcome feedback 5. Achieve impact in the sense that they arouse and sustain the learner’s curiosity and attention 6. Stimulate intellectual, aesthetic and emotional involvement ELT3 – Language Learning Materials Development ELT3 Teacher– Arnel R. Rosano, LPT