Purposive Communication PDF - Chapter 1

MODULE: OLENG01 – PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION: MAKING CONNECTIONS At the end of this chapter, students will: A. Understand how communication helps to make connections in life; B. Learn the essential components in the commun...

MODULE: OLENG01 – PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION: MAKING CONNECTIONS At the end of this chapter, students will: A. Understand how communication helps to make connections in life; B. Learn the essential components in the communication process; and C. Know the different principles of communication. Communication is the vehicle used to express or thoughts, ideas, and attitudes. It is essential in all aspects of our everyday lives. Effective communication enhances our personal, social and career relationships and allows us to make connections with people from all walks of life and from other cultures. Communication helps us to make connections with each other and with the world. We communicate with many people in a variety of situations, daily. We listen to professors, employers, classmates, family members, friends, and many others each hour. Whatever our cultural background, learning style, or geographical location, we find that our communication proficiency can mean greater academic success, better relationships, a better job, and greater satisfaction in our life. Communication in Everyday Activities Every day, you take on numerous roles and each role requires you to connect with different people differently. Your attitude, choice of words, tone of the voice, facial expressions vary depending upon who the person you are talking with. What is Communication? We define communication as the simultaneous sharing and creating of meaning through human symbolic interaction. According to this definition, speech communication involves a range of behaviors and occurs in a variety of situation: private and public, business and social, home 1 MODULE: OLENG01 – PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION and school, formal and informal. All of these are connected by people using symbolic system called language. Success in the classroom, in the workplace and in the personal life is determined by the ability to communicate. There are three theories as to the fundamental objectives of spoken communication which have been widely held and strongly supported. These are the need for expression, for communication and for social control. The first view stresses that speech is primarily The first view stresses that speech is primarily the means of the means of manifesting outwardly the inner workings manifesting outwardly the inner workings of the mid. We speak of the mid. We speak for self-expression. Three levels for self-expression. Three levels of self-expression may be egotistical, emotional and creative. of self-expression may be egotistical, emotional and creative. The first view stresses that speech is primarily the means of manifesting outwardly the inner The second view is that we speak to communicate. Human beings are by workings of the mid. We speak for self-expression. nature social beings. They talk because they want to belong; they want to be Three levels of self-expression may be egotistical, part of the community. emotional and creative. The third view is social control. Human beings speak to control human behavior. It cannot be denied that the strong dominate the weak.  Competent Communication affects all Aspects of Life Although we have communicated for many years, we probably have not had the opportunity to learn about communicative competence. The ability to communicate might seem natural because unless there are disabilities, most of us readily develop speaking skills. But the ability to communicate (not simply to utter sounds) is learned, and learning to be competent communicator is a difficult lifelong project. Communication and Career Development Most of us aspire to succeed in our chosen careers. We enter college to better ourselves and to prepare for satisfying jobs. Communication plays an important role in career success. Leaders in education, business, and industry have identified several critical life skills that are necessary to function successfully in the workplace, and communication is one of the most valued areas of expertise. 2 MODULE: OLENG01 – PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION TOP TEN QUALITIES AND SKILLS THAT EMPLOYERS SEEK Principles of Communication To appreciate the nature of communication, it is important to understand the four fundamental principles: Communication is a system 1. Communication is a Process 4. 3. Communication is both Interactional and Communication can be Transactional intentional or unintentional Essential Components of Communication There are eight (8) components of communication: 1. Source/Speaker 2. Message 2. 3. Interference/Noise 4. Channel 3 MODULE: OLENG01 – PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION 5. Receiver 6. Feedback 7. Environment 8. Context Source/Speaker The source is the creator of the message. He/She wants to communicate his/her idea and determines the meaning of what is to be communicated, encodes the meaning into message, making sure he/she chooses the appropriate language that the listener  understand, send the messages and perceives and reacts to a listener’s response to message. Message A message is the stimulus produce by the source. Messages are comprised of words, grammar, organization of thoughts, physical appearance, body movement, voice, personality, self-concept and personal style. Interference /Noise Anything that changes the meaning of an intended message is called interference. There are three types of noise which hinder the smooth flow of communication. 1. Semantic Interference. This pertains to the specialized words by the speaker. 2. Physical and External Interference. This pertains to the external disturbances such as blaring radio, shouting of people around, slamming of the door, someone talking loudly on the cellphone, children playing and other disturbing noises. 3. Psychological Interference. This refers to the physical condition of the person which interferes in the smooth flow of communication such as illness, fatigue, slight deafness or even hunger. Essentially, interference is anything that reduces or distorts the clarity, accuracy, meaning and understanding or retention of a message. Channel A channel is the route by which the message flows between sources and receivers. The usual communication channel are light waves and sound waves, which allows us to see and her one another. Receiver A receiver analyzes, and interprets messages, in effect translating them into meaning. This process is called decoding. You are simultaneously a receiver and a source. 4 MODULE: OLENG01 – PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION Feedback Another component in the communication process is feedback, the response to a message that a receive sends back to source. Feedback enables a sender to determine whether the communication has been received and understood as intended.  Environment The environment, or atmosphere, refers to the psychological and physical surroundings in which communication occurs. The environment encompasses the attitudes, feelings, perceptions, and relationships of communicators as well as the characteristics of the location in which communication takes place. Context The broad circumstances or situation in which communication occurs is called context. It takes place in informal and formal setting such as between friends, among colleagues, between a lawyer and a client, among students and class adviser. ⮚ Sebastian, E. L. (2019). Purposive Communication (0th ed.). Mind shapers Co., Inc. 5