Chapter_02_Protocols.pdf

Protocols Communicating over the Network – Unit II ITE I Chapter 6 © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1  Function of Protocol in Network Communication ▪ Protocols and layered models facilitate communication...

Protocols Communicating over the Network – Unit II ITE I Chapter 6 © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 1  Function of Protocol in Network Communication ▪ Protocols and layered models facilitate communication over data networks ITE 1 Chapter 6 © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2  Network Protocols ITE 1 Chapter 6 © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 3  Protocol Suites and Industry Standards Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) ITE 1 Chapter 6 © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 4  Interaction of Protocols ▪ Different protocols interact between layers ITE 1 Chapter 6 © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5  Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) ➔ HTTP is a common protocol that governs the way that a web server and a web client interact. ➔ HTTP defines the content and formatting of the requests and responses exchanged between the client and server. ➔ Both the client and the web server software implement HTTP as part of the application. ➔ The HTTP protocol relies on other protocols to govern how the messages are transported between client and server. ITE 1 Chapter 6 © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6  Transfer Protocol Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) ➔ transport protocol that manages the individual conversations between web servers and web clients. ➔ divides the HTTP messages into smaller pieces, called segments, to be sent to the destination client. ➔ responsible for controlling the size and rate at which messages are exchanged between the server and the client. ITE 1 Chapter 6 © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 7  Internetwork Protocol Internet Protocol (IP) ➔ responsible for taking the formatted segments from TCP, encapsulating them into packets, assigning the appropriate addresses, and selecting the best path to the destination host. ITE 1 Chapter 6 © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 8  Network Access Protocols Network access protocols describe two primary functions: 1. Data-link management protocols take the packets from IP and format them to be transmitted over the media. 2. Physical media standards and protocols govern how the signals are sent over the media and how they are interpreted by the receiving clients. Transceivers on the network interface cards implement the appropriate standards for the media that is being used. ITE 1 Chapter 6 © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 9  Technology-Independent Protocols ▪ Protocols allow Technology independence ITE 1 Chapter 6 © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 10