CH 1 PART 2 PDF - Computer Systems

 System: Is a group of parts that work together to achieve goals.  Subsystem: is a part of a system that also works as its own system.  A systems often consists of numerous subsystems.  Each subsystem has elements, interactions with other subsystems, and objectives  System Element...

 System: Is a group of parts that work together to achieve goals.  Subsystem: is a part of a system that also works as its own system.  A systems often consists of numerous subsystems.  Each subsystem has elements, interactions with other subsystems, and objectives  System Elements: Inputs Processing mechanisms Outputs  System boundary: Defines the system and Sets apart it from everything  System types: (Simple vs. complex) (Open vs. closed) (Stable vs. dynamic)  Efficiency: is how much is produced compared to what is used.  Effectiveness: is how well a system meets its goals. o *System performance standard: A specific objective of the system o 10) A system variable: is something that can be controlled by the decision-maker. o 11) A system parameter: is a value that the decision-maker cannot control. o 12) model: is a basic version used to show something real.  Types of models: Narrative, Physical, Schematic, Mathematical o 13) Input: is the process of collecting data or what is entered into a computer. o 14) Processing: Converting data into useful outputs o 15) Output: is useful information, like reports or documents, that comes from a computer. o 16) Manual systems: draw by people o 17) Computerized systems: draw by computer o 18) Evolution: Many computerized system began as manual systems  o 19)A CBIS is composed of: Hardware, Software, Databases, Telecommunications, People, Procedures o 20) Technology Infrastructure: It includes the shared resources that make up the foundation of the information system.  Another term for CBIS o 21) Hardware: Computer equipment used to perform input, processing, and output activities o *Such as: disks, disk drives, display screens, keyboards, printers o 22) Software: Computer programs that govern/determine/control the operation of the computer o *Computer instructions or data o 23)database: is an organized collection of information that a computer can easily access. o 24) Telecommunications: is the use of electronic signals to send information, helping organizations link computer systems into networks. o *Refers to all types of data transmission, from voice to video o 25) network: connects computers and equipment in a building, across the country, or around the world, to allow electronic communication. o 26) internet: is the world’s biggest telecommunications network, connecting millions of computers. It’s a network of networks that allows free sharing of information. o 27) intranet: is a network that uses internet technology within an organization, belonging to that organization.