CC Reviewer (Midterm) Communication Media PDF

Estardo, Leah CC Reviewer (Midterm). Lesson 1; Communication Media, Channels, Platforms, and Formats; Traditional Media; - Non-electronic mediums which work as part of our culture and as vehicles of transmitting tradition from one generation to another generation. Forms of Traditional...

Estardo, Leah CC Reviewer (Midterm). Lesson 1; Communication Media, Channels, Platforms, and Formats; Traditional Media; - Non-electronic mediums which work as part of our culture and as vehicles of transmitting tradition from one generation to another generation. Forms of Traditional Media; - Dance, Drama, Painting, Sculpture, Song, Music, Motifs and Symbols. Traditional Media in Announcements; - One of the traditional forms of communication is Announcements made by a beating Nagada or drum stick used for communicating messages from one village to another through its beats. Puppetry - Traditional media which exists in rural areas of India. Shadow puppetry and String Puppetry are the famous forms. Storytelling - Existed at a time when advanced forms of communication such as written word did not exist. They were orally communicated from one house to another. New Media; Broadcasting - distributed over frequency bands which are highly regulated in the United States. Such regulation includes determination of the width of the bands, range, licensing, types of receivers and transmitters used, and acceptable content. Sequencing of content in a broadcast is called a schedule. Cable Television Program - often broadcast simultaneously with radio and television programs, but have a more limited audience. Film; - encompasses motion pictures as individual projects, as well as the field in general. - The name comes from the photographic film (also called film stock), historically the primary medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms for film exist, such as motion pictures (or just pictures and "picture"). - are produced by recording people and objects with cameras, or by creating them using animation techniques or special effects. Important art form of film; - Entertain, Educate, Enlighten, Inspire Audiences, Become a worldwide attraction. Magazine - periodical publication containing a variety of articles, generally financed by advertising or purchase by readers. - Typically published weekly, biweekly, monthly, bimonthly or quarterly with a date on the cover that is advance of the date it is actually published; printed in color on coated paper, and are bound with a soft cover. Magazine fall into two broad categories; 1. Consumer Magazines 2. Business Magazines In practice, magazines are a subset of periodicals, distinct from those periodicals produced by scientific, artistic, academic or special interest publishers which are subscription-only, more expensive. Newspaper; - a publication containing news and information and advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called newsprint. - An important function of newspapers is to inform the public of significant events. Local newspapers inform local communities. National newspapers tend to focus on a them. The first printed newspaper was published in 1605. Outdoor Media; - form of mass media which comprises billboards, signs, placards placed inside and outside commercial buildings/objects like shops/buses, flying billboards Mass media encompasses much more than just news. It can be used for various purposes: 1. Advocacy, both for business and social concerns - can include advertising, marketing, propaganda, public relations and political communication. 2. Entertainment, traditionally through performances of acting, music and TV shows along with light reading; 3. Public service announcements and emergency alerts (that can be used as political devices to communicate propaganda to the public). Social Media; - Interactive technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, interests, and other forms of expression through virtual communities and networks. - Social media is typically used for social interaction and access to news and information, and decision making. - It is a valuable communication tool with others locally and worldwide, as well as to share, create, and spread information. - Types of Social Media; - Social Networking, Bookmarking Sites, Social News, Media Sharing, Blogging, Social Review Sites. Four Theories of the Press; “A free press is one of the pillars of Democracy.” - Nelson Mandela 3 notable people are: 1. Fredrick Siebert 2. Theodore Peterson 3. Wilbur Schramm Authoritarian Theory; - Government authority directly controls the communication outlets. - The government controls the press, information, and communication systems directly and indirectly. - Media is dependent on the Ruling Authority and ‘freedom of Press’ does not exist. - Censorship has to be practiced when the Authority does not wish to reveal particular information for the masses. Philosophy: The role of the press is to be a servant of the government, not a servant of the citizenry. Purpose: Main purpose is to support and advance the policies of the government in power and serve the state. Libertarian Theory; - The freedom of the press to disseminate information. - Known also as the Normative theory of mass communication or Free Press Theory.  - Mass media outlets are entirely free to publish any ethical news and information. - The press should disseminate the actual news to society’s people. Philosophy: The press should be separate from institutions that belong to the people and serve their best interests. Purpose: The main purpose is to inform, entertain, sell – but chiefly to help discover truth and to check on the government or watchdog function. Soviet Communist Theory; - Government controls the press media, but they are free to work for the society. - Government regulates and guides the mass media outlets for the benefit of the people. Philosophy: The government media provide positive thoughts to create a strong socialized society as well as providing information, education, entertainment, motivation, and mobilization Purpose: The main purpose is to act as a tool for government propaganda. Social Responsibility Theory; - The press media do not need to take permission from the government to distribute news and information. - The media are free from the government but controlled by the people of the country’s society. Philosophy: The moral right of free public expression is not unconditional. Purpose: The main purpose is to provide a forum for ideas. Media Ownership and Journalism; Media Ownership - ownership is of interest to research on journalism due to the assumption that ownership can have an impact on the contents and practices of journalism. The four research strains of Media Ownership and Journ; 1. Monopolization and concentration of ownership. 2. Commercialization and homogenization. 3. Clientelism, patrimonialism, and parallelism. 4. Ownership diversity. Ownership matters because “all capital comes with conditions” (Ohlsson, 2012, p. 55).