CBCA105 Environment and Sustainability PDF

Welcome to CBCA105 Environment and Sustainability Marks Distribution Internal assessment (Quiz, assignments, online certification course) (30) Mid Sem exam (25) End Sem exam (45) 2 Waves of Inno...

Welcome to CBCA105 Environment and Sustainability Marks Distribution Internal assessment (Quiz, assignments, online certification course) (30) Mid Sem exam (25) End Sem exam (45) 2 Waves of Innovation 3 Module 1: Environmental sustainability, ecosystems and climate change 4  Human well being Well-being is understood as a state of health, happiness and/or prosperity In a broad understanding, well-being is living a good life with which one is satisfied 5 What factors determine human well-being? Physical Social Psychological Economic Environment 6 Economic conditions and processes Employment Technologies that Income facilitate this Trade Wealth Markets Production 7 Socio-political conditions and processes National and personal security Civic society Liberty Justice, the Culture rule of law Health care Education 8 Environmental conditions and processes Air Natural and anthropogenic Water processes that affect them Climate Soils Mineral Biota resources 9  Human well being depends on Ecosystem Goods and Services Functions Regulation of water flows provided by the Nutrient cycling ecosystem Pollination of flowers and crops Ecosystem Minerals Goods Regulation of climate (through, e.g., evapotranspiration, Fossil fuels reflectivity, and carbon sequestration) Detoxification and purification of soil, water, and air Water Soil formation and maintenance Soil Air (oxygen) Controls on the populations and distribution of pests and pathogens Maintenance of biodiversity 10 Ecosystems and Some Services They Provide 11 12 What is Ecosystem? 13 Components of Ecosystem Atmosphere Biosphere Hydrosphere Lithosphere 14 Biochemical cycles The rocks forming the solid surface comprise the lithosphere The oceans, lakes, rivers, and icecaps form the hydrosphere The air constitutes the atmosphere The biosphere contains the entire community of living organisms 15 Biochemical cycles Materials move cyclically among these spheres. They originate in the rocks (lithosphere) and are released by weathering or by volcanism. They enter water (hydrosphere) from where those serving as nutrients are taken up by plants and from there enter animals and other organisms (biosphere). From living organisms they may enter the air (atmosphere) or water (hydrosphere). Eventually they enter the oceans (hydrosphere), where they are taken up by marine organisms (biosphere). These return them to the air (atmosphere), from where they are washed to the ground by rain, thus returning to the land. 16 Now the Climate is Changing 17 Now the Climate is Changing Current global average temperature: 16.1℃ What was the average global temperature during ice age ?? 18 Now the Climate is Changing 2-4℃ rise in climate temperature 19 Now the Climate is Changing 20 Now the Climate is Changing 21 Now the Climate is Changing 22  Key lessons Human well-being depends on several factors and it is subjective Ecosystems provide essential commodities and services that promote human well-being Components of ecosystems suffering extreme degradation 23