Ch 3 & 4 Study Guide PDF

Ch. 3 & 4 Study Guide Instructions: Look through your notes to complete the study guide. You can also use the textbook if that helps. Key Terms: write the definition only 1. The Proclamation Line of 1763 a. The Proclamation Line prevented Anglo-American colonists from establishing...

Ch. 3 & 4 Study Guide Instructions: Look through your notes to complete the study guide. You can also use the textbook if that helps. Key Terms: write the definition only 1. The Proclamation Line of 1763 a. The Proclamation Line prevented Anglo-American colonists from establishing settlements on lands obtained from the French after the French and Indian War. 2. Sugar Act a. The duty on foreign molasses was reduced from 6 to 3 pence per gallon by the Sugar Act, while a high duty on foreign refined sugar was maintained, and the importation of all foreign rum was prohibited. 3. Stamp Act a. The "Stamp Act" was passed by the British Parliament on March 22, 1765, in order to fund the presence of British troops in the colonies during the Seven Years' War. Colonists were mandated to pay a tax, symbolized by a stamp, on a range of papers, documents, and playing cards. 4. Townshend Act a. The Townshend Acts were passed by Parliament to assist in covering the costs of governing the American colonies. These acts imposed taxes on glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea. 5. Declaratory Act a. On the day the Stamp Act was repealed, Parliament passed the Declaratory Act, which declared Parliament's authority to make laws that would apply to the American colonies "in all cases without exception." 6. Loyalist a. A loyal individual who stays committed to the existing ruler or government, particularly when confronted with a rebellion. 7. Patriot a. A patriot is someone who ardently backs their nation and is willing to protect it from enemies. Short Response 8. Identify the causes and effects of the French and Indian War a. The causes for the French and Indian War was territorial disputes, colonial expansion, strategic alliances, and European rivalry. The effects were, British gains and French losses, colonial discontent, British debt and rise of their power. And for the Native Americans this led to shift in their alliances with Europeans powers, and led to conflict with Britain. 9. Describe the Boston Massacre a. Colonists Response: Angry over British taxes and government policies, Bostinians protest near the governor's house who called on British troops to protect him. Fearing for their safety, British troops fired and killed 5 colonists. One of them was Crispus Attucls, an African American fighting for freedom and equality.  Ch. 3 & 4 Study Guide 10. Describe the Boston Tea Party a. The Tea Act was an act that gave the British East India Company, who was struggling financially, a monopoly over tea. British tea was cheaper that French and Spanish tea, but it was taxed. Which was a symbol of British dominance, without the colonists input. The Boston Tea Party was their response-The Sons of Liberty dressed as Native Americans and dumped 342 chests of tea on the Boston Harbor. 11. How did England react to the Boston Tea Party? a. England’s reaction to the Boston Tea Party was the Intolerable Acts of 1774. This banned town meetings in Massachusetts and closed the Boston Harbor. 12. What was the purpose of the Committee of Correspondence? a. It was a communication network between colonists to discuss British actions and to create unity among the colonies. 13. Describe the battles at Lexington and Concord a. Minutemen and British troops exchange shots, and start the Revolution. Because the British heard that the colonists had weapons, so they wanted to confiscate them. The minutemen stopped them, which led to them fighting. 14. What were the advantages for the British and the Americans before the war? (See your 4.1 Notes) a. For the British, the advantages were that they had the strongest Navy in the world, Their army was well-trained, Britain had more people(8 million), and the Americans had a weak navy and lacked experience. For the American advantage, they were fighting on their own ground(they knew the lay of the land), They had a determined and courageous leader-George Washington, Hessians were fighting them, so they could easily bribe them with the promise of land. As well, Britain was not familiar with American land, and they were fighting for freedom, not money, so they had “a greater stake in the war’s outcome.” 15. What are the importance of the following battles, Trenton/Princeton, Saratoga, and Yorktown (See your 4.1 Notes under Battle Chart) a. Trenton/Princeton: The British defeated George Washington, Colonists morale was low, Washington suggested African Americans be allowed to join the continental army(Trenton)George Washington and his army defeated Britain, this showed that the “amateur army” could defeat the British, the Green troops fought valiantly, but were broken by the British bayonets(Princeton) b. Saratoga: America won, this was the turning point in the Revolutionary War. Because it lifted the patriot morale and it furthered the hope for independence. The win helped France join the colonists’ side, France had the financial and military support to help the colonists, Burgoyne also surrendered. c. Yorktown: America won and the British surrendered, which ended British rule, and thus began the birth of a new nation, Americans won the war and signed the Treaty of Paris, an alliance between America and France, Britain was left warring with Spain and France, America’s struggle for independence ended with food shortages, enormous debt, and lack of morale from the soldiers.  Ch. 3 & 4 Study Guide 16. Why did African Americans join the British? (look at your Minorities in the American Revolution chart) a. The African Americans fought for providing manpower to the British and the Revolutionaries. They fought for however they believed would be the most likely to end slavery. Most believed that if Britain won, they would win their freedom, and not continue being slaves. 17. Why did Native Americans join the British? (look at your Minorities in the American Revolution chart) a. The Native Americans who joined the British, wanted to drive the Americans off their land. However, things took a turn for the worse when The Natives’ lands were destroyed, the leaders were murdered, and the villages were burned due to the war. The Native Americans also received limited citizenship rights, and were viewed as the enemies to both the Americans and British.