Carbon Capture Quiz PDF

Carbon Capture Process and Power Plant Cost Performance Quiz Answers 1. What is the equilibrium constant K for CO2 absorption dependent on? A. Solvent composition B. Gas flow rate C. Temperature D. Pressure Answer: Temperature (C) The equilibrium constant K for CO2 absorption shifts significantly at...

Carbon Capture Process and Power Plant Cost Performance Quiz Answers 1. What is the equilibrium constant K for CO2 absorption dependent on? A. Solvent composition B. Gas flow rate C. Temperature D. Pressure Answer: Temperature (C) The equilibrium constant K for CO2 absorption shifts significantly at higher temperatures. 2. What is the maximum gas to liquid ratio (G/L) for physical absorption? A. 0.0402 B. 0.00357 C. 0.00535 D. 0.00594 Answer: 0.00535 (C) For physical absorption, the maximum G/L is 0.00535. 3. What is the solvent regeneration in the stripping column similar to? A. Flue gas composition B. Absorber process C. Gas flow rate D. Energy consumption Answer: Absorber process (B) Solvent regeneration in the stripping column is similar to the absorber process. 4. What is the breakdown in energy consumption for MEA/CO2 capture discussed in relation to? A. Industrial example B. Equilibrium constant C. Column diameter D. Solvent composition Answer: Industrial example (A) The breakdown in energy consumption for MEA/CO2 capture is discussed in relation to an industrial example. 5. What are the conditions for a 1 GW power generation facility primarily based on? A. Flue gas molar flowrate and CO2 composition B. Energy requirements C. Solvent regeneration D. Equilibrium constant Answer: Flue gas molar flowrate and CO2 composition (A) Conditions for a 1 GW power generation facility involve a flue gas molar flowrate and CO2 composition. 6. What is the parameter value DAL used for in the Alkanolamine Carbon Capture Process? A. Determination of energy requirements B. Solvent regeneration C. Column diameter calculation D. Gas flow rate estimation Answer: Column diameter calculation (C) Column diameter is determined based on the flooding criterion using parameter value DAL. 7. What is the exact analysis value h used to determine in the process? A. Column diameter B. Gas flow rate C. Height of the column D. Solvent composition Answer: Height of the column (C) Exact analysis gives h = 10.95 m, which is the height of the column. 8. What does the less stringent separation with 90% CO2 recovery result in? A. Maximum gas to liquid ratio (G/L) B. Solvent regeneration C. Column diameter D. Operating G/L Answer: Maximum gas to liquid ratio (G/L) (A) A less stringent separation with 90% CO2 recovery results in a maximum G/L value. 9. What are the energy requirements for the regeneration process substantial for? A. Desorption at high temperatures B. Equilibrium constant C. Solvent composition D. Gas flow rate Answer: Desorption at high temperatures (A) Energy requirements for the regeneration process are substantial, especially for desorption at high temperatures. 10. What is the minimum power requirement for CO2 capture in the EU detailed in relation to? A. Solvent regeneration B. Energy requirements C. Gas flow rate D. Various CO2 mole fractions in gas and efficiency levels Answer: Various CO2 mole fractions in gas and efficiency levels (D) Minimum power requirements for CO2 capture in the EU are detailed, considering various CO2 mole fractions in gas and efficiency levels. 11. What is the primary cost in implementing CO2 capture technology during power generation? A. Cost of CO2 avoided B. Capital cost C. Cost of CO2 captured D. Product cost Answer: Capital cost (B) The primary costs in implementing CO2 capture technology are the capital cost, which includes total design, purchase, and installation costs. 12. In the context of carbon capture technology, what does 'PC plant with capture 2096 -1' refer to? A. Capital cost with capture B. Capital cost without capture C. Product cost without capture D. Product cost with capture Answer: Capital cost with capture (A) The term 'PC plant with capture 2096 -1' refers to the capital cost with capture, indicating the cost associated with implementing carbon capture technology. 13. What should the cost be assessed based on, in the context of selecting technology and plant construction for carbon capture? A. Total mass of CO2 captured per kWh-1 B. Difference in product cost per kWh-1 C. Added cost of electricity (CoE) produced D. Total design cost Answer: Added cost of electricity (CoE) produced (C) Cost must be assessed based on the added cost of electricity (CoE) produced, which is a criterion for selecting technology and plant construction for carbon capture. 14. What is the formula for calculating the cost of CO2 avoided in terms of euros per tonne? A. $\frac{€ / kWh_{capture} + € / kWh_{reference}}{tonne CO2 / kWh_{reference} + tonne CO2 / kWh_{capture}}$ B. $\frac{€ / kWh_{reference} + € / kWh_{capture}}{tonne CO2 / kWh_{capture} + tonne CO2 / kWh_{reference}}$ C. $\frac{€ / kWh_{capture} - € / kWh_{reference}}{tonne CO2 / kWh_{reference} - tonne CO2 / kWh_{capture}}$ D. $\frac{€ / kWh_{reference} - € / kWh_{capture}}{tonne CO2 / kWh_{capture} - tonne CO2 / kWh_{reference}}$ Answer: $\frac{€ / kWh_{reference} - € / kWh_{capture}}{tonne CO2 / kWh_{capture} - tonne CO2 / kWh_{reference}}$ (D) The formula for calculating the cost of CO2 avoided in terms of euros per tonne is $\frac{€ / kWh_{reference} - € / kWh_{capture}}{tonne CO2 / kWh_{capture} - tonne CO2 / kWh_{reference}}$. 15. What accounts for 2/3 of the added cost of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)? A. Cost of CO2 avoided B. Product cost C. Capital cost D. Cost of CO2 captured Answer: Cost of CO2 captured (D) In the context of CCS, the capture step is the most expensive (2/3 of the added cost of CCS), indicating that the cost of CO2 captured is a significant factor. 16. What is the difference between the total design, purchase, and installation costs of a PC plant with capture and without capture? A. $2096 - 73$ B. $1286 - 73$ C. $2096 - 1286$ D. $41 - 0$ Answer: $2096 - 1286$ (C) The difference between the total design, purchase, and installation costs of a PC plant with capture and without capture is $2096 - 1286$. 17. What is the cost of CO2 captured in terms of dollars per tonne? A. $46$ B. $41$ C. $29$ D. $73$ Answer: $29$ (C) The cost of CO2 captured is $29$ dollars per tonne, as indicated in the context of carbon capture technology during power generation. 18. What is the primary fraction used to calculate the cost of CO2 avoided? A. Difference in total mass of CO2 emissions per kWh-1 B. Total mass of CO2 emissions per kWh-1 C. Difference in product cost per kWh-1 D. Difference in CO2 captured per kWh-1 Answer: Difference in total mass of CO2 emissions per kWh-1 (A) The primary fraction used to calculate the cost of CO2 avoided is the difference in total mass of CO2 emissions per kWh-1 with and without capture. 19. What is the change in plant efficiency when implementing carbon capture technology? A. 0 B. 73 C. 41 D. 46 Answer: 0 (A) The change in plant efficiency when implementing carbon capture technology is 0, indicating that the efficiency remains constant. 20. What is the product cost without capture in terms of dollars per MWh? A. $29$ B. $73$ C. $46$ D. $41$ Answer: $46$ (C) The product cost without capture is $46$ dollars per MWh, as stated in the context of carbon capture technology during power generation. 21. What is the primary chemical reaction involved in the MEA-based carbon capture process? A. CO2 + HOC2H4NH2 $\rightarrow$ HOC2H4NHCOO- + HOC2H4NH3+ B. CO2 + H2O $\rightarrow$ HCO3- + H3O+ C. CO2 + CH4 $\rightarrow$ CH3COO- + CH4+ D. CO2 + NH3 $\rightarrow$ NH2COO- + NH4+ Answer: CO2 + HOC2H4NH2 $\rightarrow$ HOC2H4NHCOO- + HOC2H4NH3+ (A) The chemical absorption process involves the reaction of CO2 with HOC2H4NH2 to produce HOC2H4NHCOO- and HOC2H4NH3+. 22. What primarily determines the rate of reaction in the absorption process for carbon capture? A. The temperature of the solvent B. The pressure of the flue gas C. A combination of chemical reactions D. The concentration of CO2 in the flue gas Answer: A combination of chemical reactions (C) The rate of reaction in the absorption process is largely determined by a combination of chemical reactions. 23. What is the preferred option for carbon capture at low CO2 concentrations? A. Physical absorption systems B. Absorption with ammonia-based solvents C. Absorption with amine-based solvents D. Chemical absorption systems Answer: Chemical absorption systems (D) The preferred option for carbon capture at low CO2 concentrations is chemical absorption systems. 24. What is the primary factor that modifies the local overall balance in the bulk liquid phase during carbon capture? A. The temperature of the solvent B. The pressure of the flue gas C. The reaction of A and B D. The concentration of CO2 in the flue gas Answer: The reaction of A and B (C) The local overall balance in the bulk liquid phase is modified to account for the reaction of A and B. 25. What are the detailed column operating conditions primarily based on for MEA/CO2 absorption? A. Analyses reported by Froment and Bischoff B. The pressure of the flue gas C. The temperature of the solvent D. The concentration of CO2 in the flue gas Answer: Analyses reported by Froment and Bischoff (A) The conditions described correspond closely to the MEA/CO2 absorption process and are based on analyses reported by Froment and Bischoff. 26. What is the primary purpose of the design for carbon capture based on fast reaction within a thin layer close to the liquid surface? A. To minimize solvent loss B. To maximize CO2 absorption efficiency C. To reduce energy consumption D. To achieve very high rate constant Answer: To achieve very high rate constant (D) The design for carbon capture is based on fast reaction within a thin layer close to the liquid surface due to the very high rate constant. 27. What is the primary method used for carbon capture at low CO2 concentrations? A. Membrane separation B. Adsorption C. Chemical absorption D. Physical absorption Answer: Chemical absorption (C) The preferred option for carbon capture at low CO2 concentrations is chemical absorption systems. 28. What does the MEA composition in the feed liquid primarily determine for the column operating conditions? A. The absorption efficiency B. The CO2 capture rate C. The solvent loss D. The regeneration energy consumption Answer: The absorption efficiency (A) The MEA composition in the feed liquid, temperature, pressure, gas flow, liquid flow, and interfacial area are detailed for the column operating conditions, which primarily determine the absorption efficiency. 29. What is the primary focus of the text's discussion on the integration of the local balance and specific column operating conditions for MEA/CO2 absorption? A. To minimize energy consumption B. To optimize carbon capture efficiency C. To improve CO2 capture rate D. To maximize solvent regeneration Answer: To optimize carbon capture efficiency (B) The text discusses the integration of the local balance and provides specific column operating conditions for MEA/CO2 absorption, focusing on optimizing carbon capture efficiency. 30. What is the primary process involved in the absorption of CO2 in the MEA-based carbon capture method? A. Membrane separation B. Physical adsorption C. Absorption with ammonia-based solvents D. Chemical reaction Answer: Chemical reaction (D) The MEA/CO2 absorption process primarily involves chemical absorption of CO2. 31. What is the preferred option for carbon capture at low CO2 concentrations? A. Chemical absorption systems B. Pre-combustion fuel gasification C. Post-combustion capture D. Absorption systems Answer: Chemical absorption systems (A) The text states that the preferred option for carbon capture at low CO2 concentrations is chemical absorption systems, which have been in use since the 1980s. 32. What does the chemical absorption process involve? A. Reaction of CO2 with NH3 to produce NH2COO- and NH4+ B. Reaction of CO2 with H2O to produce HCO3- and H3O+ C. Reaction of CO2 with HOC2H4NH2 to produce HOC2H4NHCOO- and HOC2H4NH3+ D. Reaction of CO2 with O2 to produce CO3- and OHAnswer: Reaction of CO2 with HOC2H4NH2 to produce HOC2H4NHCOO- and HOC2H4NH3+ (C) The chemical absorption process involves the reaction of CO2 with HOC2H4NH2 to produce HOC2H4NHCOO- and HOC2H4NH3+. 33. What largely determines the rate of reaction in the absorption process? A. Gas flow rate B. Pressure only C. A combination of chemical reactions D. Temperature only Answer: A combination of chemical reactions (C) The rate of reaction in the absorption process is largely determined by a combination of chemical reactions. 34. What is the basis for the design of carbon capture? A. Fast reaction within a thin layer close to the liquid surface B. Reaction primarily in the solid phase C. Reaction primarily in the gas phase D. Slow reaction within a thick layer far from the liquid surface Answer: Fast reaction within a thin layer close to the liquid surface (A) The design for carbon capture is based on fast reaction within a thin layer close to the liquid surface due to the very high rate constant. 35. What does the MEA composition in the feed liquid affect in the column operating conditions? A. Interfacial area B. Gas flow rate C. Local overall balance in the bulk liquid phase D. Temperature only Answer: Local overall balance in the bulk liquid phase (C) The MEA composition in the feed liquid affects the local overall balance in the bulk liquid phase in the column operating conditions. 36. What are the specific column operating conditions detailed for in the text? A. Pre-combustion fuel gasification B. Post-combustion capture C. MEA/CO2 absorption process D. Chemical absorption systems Answer: MEA/CO2 absorption process (C) The text discusses the integration of the local balance and provides specific column operating conditions for MEA/CO2 absorption. 37. What are the conditions described in the text based on? A. Analyses reported by Froment and Bischoff B. Analyses reported by Smith and Johnson C. Analyses reported by Brown and Davis D. Analyses reported by Miller and Wilson Answer: Analyses reported by Froment and Bischoff (A) The conditions described in the text correspond closely to the MEA/CO2 absorption process and are based on analyses reported by Froment and Bischoff. 38. What type of systems have been in use for carbon capture since the 1980s? A. Pre-combustion fuel gasification systems B. Post-combustion capture systems C. Absorption systems D. Chemical absorption systems Answer: Chemical absorption systems (D) Chemical absorption systems have been in use for carbon capture since the 1980s. 39. What does the text discuss about the process of carbon capture during power generation? A. Chemical absorption and physical absorption B. Post-combustion capture and pre-combustion fuel gasification C. Gasification and combustion D. Chemical absorption and combustion Answer: Post-combustion capture and pre-combustion fuel gasification (B) The text discusses the process of carbon capture during power generation, including post-combustion capture and pre-combustion fuel gasification. 40. What is the modification made to the local overall balance in the bulk liquid phase? A. To account for the reaction of C and D B. To account for the reaction of P and Q C. To account for the reaction of X and Y D. To account for the reaction of A and B Answer: To account for the reaction of A and B (D) The local overall balance in the bulk liquid phase is modified to account for the reaction of A and B.