Business Studies G8 Worksheet PDF

**BUSINESS STUDIES** **Business activity:** The process of producing goods or services to satisfy consumer demand - give examples **Need:** a good or service which is essential to living - give examples **Want:** a good or service which people would like but is not essential for living - give exa...

**BUSINESS STUDIES** **Business activity:** The process of producing goods or services to satisfy consumer demand - give examples **Need:** a good or service which is essential to living - give examples **Want:** a good or service which people would like but is not essential for living - give examples **Economic Problem:** unlimited wants cannot be met because there are limited factors of production. This creates scarcity - give examples. **Factors of production:** the resources needed to produce goods and services - land, labour, capital and enterprise (entrepreneur) - give examples **Scarcity:** there are not enough goods or services to meet the needs/wants of the population - give examples. **Opportunity Cost:** the benefit that could have been gained from an alternative use of the same resource - give examples. **Specialisation:** people and businesses concentrate on what they are best at - give examples **Division of labour:** production is divided into separate tasks and each employee does just one of those tasks - give examples **Consumer Goods:** products that are sold to the final consumer. They can be seen and touched - give examples. **Consumer Services:** non-tangible products - give examples **Capital goods:** physical goods used by other businesses to help produce other goods and services - give examples **Adding Value:** one of the most important objectives of business. It takes raw materials and turns them into a good or service which it sells to its customers at a price greater than the cost of the raw materials used in their production. **Branding:** people want to own a product from this company - give examples **Excellent Service Quality:** - give examples **Product Features:** the more features the higher the selling price can be - give examples **Convenience:** - give examples **Classification of Businesses** **Primary Sector:** firms whose business activities involve the extraction of natural resources - give examples **Secondary Sector:** firms that process or manufacture goods from natural resources - give examples **Tertiary Sector:** firms that supply a service to consumers and other businesses - give examples **Chain of production:** the production and supply of goods to the final consumer involves activities from primary, secondary and tertiary sector businesses. - give examples **Changing importance of business classification:** countries are described as developing or developed countries. A developing or less developed country (LDC), often has a small industrial sector and a lower standard of living. A developed or more developed country (MDC) has a high level of industrialisation and its people have a higher average earnings and enjoy a higher standard of living. The classification of business activity by sector is not used to class a country as developing or developed. However, the size of the countries different sectors of business activity often indicates if it has a developing or developed economy.       **Small Business Development** ============================== - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Small Enterprise Development Agency (Seda) ------------------------------------------ **Seda**  supports the growth of small business. People can go to Seda for help to start a business or, if they already have a business, to make it stronger and more profitable. There is a Seda branch in each district municipality. These branches offer: - - - - - - - - In addition to helping individuals in business, Seda has a **special focus on co-operative enterprises**, where a group of entrepreneurs share the profits and responsibility of a business. **Contact Seda**:  012 441 1000\ **Business Information Centre**:  0860 103 703\ **Website**: [[www.seda.org.za]](http://www.seda.org.za/) **How to write a business plan** The first thing you need to do is state clearly and specifically what your business idea is. Very simply, you need to say **what** you intend doing, **how** you plan on doing it, **when** you plan to do it and **why** you believe you will succeed. In the process of doing that, you need to do some research into whether your idea and your plan will really work.  Your business plan should cover four main areas: - - - - Important advice: - - - Look carefully at your situation and make a list of the following: - - - - - - - ### Co-operatives Incentive Scheme (CIS) Successful applicants are given cash grants so that their cooperative can obtain good quality services that will help them to grow their business. The Cooperative Incentive Scheme helps cooperatives from all industries: textiles, services, energy, agriculture, print, film, and video production, consumer and housing. For a cooperative to qualify for a grant, it needs to: - - - - - **How to register a co-operative** To register your cooperative, you will need to fill in Form CR1 -- Application for registration of primary/secondary/tertiary cooperative. You will then be notified of the other forms you will need to fill in, in the course of registering your cooperative. **Contact the Department of Trade and Industry:**\ 012 394-1425/394-1608\ Website: [[www.thedti.gov.za]](http://www.thedti.gov.za/) ### Black Business Supplier Development Programme This programme offers grants in a cost-sharing scheme to black-owned business for the purpose of business skills training. It offers support to black-owned enterprises by helping to improve their core competencies and management abilities, and enabling them to become more competitive. The scheme helps people with promotional marketing materials, software development and other activities such as quality improvement, processes and product improvement. Companies that are majority black-owned (15% or more) and which have a significant representation of black managers on their management team quality for the grant. Companies should not earn more than R12 million per annum and must have been trading for at least a year. They need to be registered with CIPRO and with SARS. The maximum grant for which a single company can qualify is R100 000. **Application procedure**: Obtain application guidelines and an application form.  Complete the application form. Obtain and attach a tax clearance certificate, and submit the application. **Contact the Department of Trade and Industry Customer Care Centre**:  0861 843 384\ **Website**: [[www.thedti.gov.za]](http://www.thedti.gov.za/) Finance for Small Businesses ---------------------------- ### Khula Enterprise Finance LTD Khula helps SMMEs to get loans from banks. It does not lend money itself. Khula also provides mentorship to entrepreneurs, helping them to manage their businesses successfully. The mentorship programme includes the transfer of skills on a face-to-face basis, the development of viable business plans, and pre- and post-loan services. **Contact Khula**:  012 394-5560/5900 or 0800 11 88 15\ **Website**:  [[www.khula.org.za]](http://www.khula.org.za/) ### South African Micro Finance Apex Fund (Samaf) Samaf gives financial services to small-scale entrepreneurs living in rural and outer urban areas. Samaf does not lend money directly to the public. It uses existing institutions within communities to handle the funds and lend to qualifying entrepreneurs. Samaf has three products:  the Micro-Credit Fund (gives loans to entrepreneurs), the Capacity Building Fund (gives funds to be used for equipping the institutions with skills, system and equipment) and the Savings Mobilisation Fund (encourages savings). **Contact Samaf**:  012 394-1805\ **Websites**: [[www.samaf.org.za]](http://www.samaf.org.za/); [[www.thedti.gov.za]](http://www.thedti.gov.za/) ### Technology for Sustainable Livelihoods This is a programme of the Department of Science and Technology (DST). It aims to create jobs for communities by helping to establish SMMEs. In particular, it makes use of technologies which can add value to SMMEs and makes them accessible to communities. At the same time, the programme helps to make these SMMEs successful by offering skills development and training. The DST offers technological assistance in the following areas: - - - The DST does not support individuals, only communities and community groups. These communities are then helped to form a viable community business, in the form of a Section 21 Company or cooperative. In order to use these technologies and produce valuable crops in essential oils and indigenous medicinal plants, communities need to have access to suitable agricultural land.  Similarly, communities that want to benefit from fish farming must have access to irrigation dams. **Contact the DST Technology for Sustainable Livelihoods**:   012 843-6421/18 ### Registering your business When you start a business, it needs to be registered. To do so, fill in the relevant forms and submit them to the Companies and Intellectual Property Registration Office (CIPRO). **Contact CIPRO**:  0861 843 384 Support For Youth ----------------- ### Umsobomvu The **Umsobomvu Youth Fund** helps youth set up, expand and develop their businesses by teaching them essential business skills. Umsobomvu has the following programmes: - - - - - **Umsobomvu youth Advisory Centres (YACs)** are walk-in centres around the country where youth can receive information, training and referrals services -- in fact, everything they need to find employment or start their own businesses. YACs provide outreach services to communities that are unable to get to the centres, by taking career information, skills development and entrepreneurial advice to local schools in Mobile YACs. **Contact Umsobomvu**:  08600 YOUTH (96884)\ **Contact Umsobomvu Business Partnership**:  011 470-3111\ **Websites**:  [[www.youthportal.org.za]](http://www.youthportal.org.za/) ### National Youth Service (NYS) The National Youth Services is about involving young people in the development of our country. It is an opportunity for young people to actively serve their communities. The National Youth Service Programme aims to create a culture of service. It develops the skills, knowledge and abilities of young people. It also improves youth employability by giving opportunities for work experience and skills development, and by providing further learning opportunities. **For more information on the NYS, turn to the Expanded Public Works Programme.** Support For Women ----------------- ### South African Women in Construction (Sawic) Sawic is a national association of women enterprises or professionals and technical staff in all areas of construction, from the skilled trades to business ownership, with international affiliation to the National association of Women in Construction (Nawic). Sawic administers, facilitates, advocates and lobbies all the Departments of Public Works for the empowerment of its members. **Contact Sawic**:  012 337-2400/2174 ### Technology for Women in Business (TWIB) This programme aims to make science and technology more accessible to women in business, especially those in SMMEs. **Contact TWIB**:  012 394-1644\ **Website**:  [[www.twib.co.za]](http://www.twib.co.za/) ### Gender and Women Empowerment Unit The Gender and Women Empowerment Unit of the Department of Trade and Industry (the dti) manages the South African Women Entrepreneurs Network (SAWEN). SAWEN helps women overcome the obstacles that they still experience in business. It compiles a database of women-owned enterprises, in order to help women help one another. It organises networking forums, facilitates capacity-building programmes, and lobbies and advocates for policies that support women entrepreneurs.