Special Areas of the Upper Limb PDF
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UT Health San Antonio
Amr Mohi
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Summary
This document provides an overview of the special areas of the human upper limb, including the triangle of auscultation, cubital fossa, carpal tunnel, and anatomical snuffbox. The document covers anatomical structures, borders, contents, and venous return. It's presented as a lecture or presentation for medical students.
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Special Areas of the Upper Limb BSMS 3020 Amr Mohi, B.D.S., Ph.D. Special Areas of the Upper Limb 1. Triangle of auscultation 2. Cubital fossa 3. Carpal Tunnel 4. Anatomical snuffbox Triangle of Auscultation Borders Trapezius m. (medial) Medial...
Special Areas of the Upper Limb BSMS 3020 Amr Mohi, B.D.S., Ph.D. Special Areas of the Upper Limb 1. Triangle of auscultation 2. Cubital fossa 3. Carpal Tunnel 4. Anatomical snuffbox Triangle of Auscultation Borders Trapezius m. (medial) Medial border of scapula (lateral) Latissimus dorsi m. (inferior) Easier to listen to lung sounds through the triangle due to thinner muscular layer. How to stretch the muscles and facilitate access to the triangle? Cubital Fossa Cubital Fossa Borders Pronator teres m. (medial) Brachioradialis m. (lateral) Line between the epicondyles of the humerus (superior) Floor Brachialis m. Supinator m. Cubital Fossa Contents (from lateral to medial) Tendon of biceps brachii m. Brachial a. Median n. *Median cubital v. lies superficial to the contents Cubital Fossa Contents (from lateral to medial) Tendon of biceps brachii m. Brachial a. Median n. *Median cubital v. lies superficial to the contents Carpal Tunnel Structures (10) passing through: 4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus m. 4 tendons flexor digitorum superficialis m. Tendon of flexor pollicis longus m. Median n. Carpal Tunnel Formed anteriorly from deep arch formed by carpal bones & flexor retinaculum Structures (10) passing through: 4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus m. 4 tendons flexor digitorum superficialis m. Tendon of flexor pollicis longus m. Median n. Anatomical Snuffbox Anatomical Snuffbox Borders Abductor pollicis longus tendon & extensor pollicis brevis tendon (anterior) Extensor pollicis longus tendon (posterior) Content Radial a. Venous Return from the Upper Limbs Deep Veins: Accompany arteries of the same name. Predominately deep to the muscles. In the forearm, there are usually two veins per artery; these paired veins are called venae comitantes. Superficial Venous Return from the Upper Limbs Venous Return from the Upper Limbs Superficial Veins: Located within subcutaneous layer just deep to the skin. Both originate from venous anastomoses on the dorsum of the hand. 1. Cephalic v. Travels lateral in forearm & arm Drains into axillary v. 2. Basilic v. Travels medial in arm & forearm Dives deep to join the brachial venae comitantes to form the axillary vein. Median Cubital Vein Connection between the basilic and cephalic vv. Lies anterior to the cubital fossa and the bicipital aponeurosis. Commonly used for venipuncture. Venous Return from the Upper Limbs Note: This pattern back to the heart from the upper limb is the same of the left and right sides of the body. * The right and left brachiocephalic veins join to form the superior vena cava.
