بنك أسئلة مقرر ترجمة الى اللغة العربية المستوى الأول PDF

)‫بنك أسئلة مادة الترجمة إلى اللغة العربية (برنامج الترجمة‬ ، ‫ وقد يأتي منها أسئلة في اإلختبار النهائي بهذا الشكل‬، ‫الجمل في هذا البنك إسترشادية (أى قابلة للتعديل‬.“‫وقد ال يأتي) ووتنبثق من هذه الجمل أسئلة ”إختيار من متعدد‬ 1. Translation is as old as human civilization. 2....

)‫بنك أسئلة مادة الترجمة إلى اللغة العربية (برنامج الترجمة‬ ، ‫ وقد يأتي منها أسئلة في اإلختبار النهائي بهذا الشكل‬، ‫الجمل في هذا البنك إسترشادية (أى قابلة للتعديل‬.“‫وقد ال يأتي) ووتنبثق من هذه الجمل أسئلة ”إختيار من متعدد‬ 1. Translation is as old as human civilization. 2. We translate every day. 3. The story of translation dates back to the third millennium BC. 4. Translation allows different cultures to connect, interact, and enrich one another. 5. The English word translation has been derived from the Latin word translation. 6. Translation is the business of carrying across a message/written content from one text to another, from one person to another and from one language (source language) to a different language (target language). It can happen within the same language (from one dialect to another dialect or from one form to another) or between languages. 7. Translation is best seen as a communication process where the transfer of a message/written content from one language into a new language takes place. 8. Every act of translation involves the expression of sense. 9. The source text and the translated text are the same in terms of the sense they convey. 10.The interactive relationship between source and translation goes on in the hands of mature translators of prose and drama but it is the best in poetry. 11.Roman Jakobson is a leading linguist and noted expert in the subject of translation. 12.Some scholars call translation an art as all good translations are expressions of the creative urge of the translators. 13.Some scholars call translation a science because of the technical formalities and complexities involved in its process. 14.The translated text may have formal equivalence when the source text and the translated text look alike in form. 15.The translated text may have functional equivalence when the source text and the target text or translated text convey the same sense or perform the same function, though they have formal differences. 16.It is often thought that if one is a bilingual s/he can be a good translator, which is not the truth. 17.Computers cannot replace human beings in translation. 18.Translation is an interpretative process. 19.The nature of translation depends upon the nature of the document. 20.A successful translator is not a mechanical translator of a text. S/he puts in his/her creativity to the fullest extent and goes into the soul of the content. 1 21.While translating, a translator takes into account the lexicon, grammatical structure and cultural context of the text in the source language to understand the meaning built in the text and then transfers the same meaning to the text in the target language with the help of lexicon and grammatical structure appropriate to the target language and its cultural context. 22.Accommodation is inevitable in practice if the translation is to maintain the essence, impact, and effect of the text in the source language. 23.A good translator is not born, but made. 24.A faithful translator should act like the author’s mouthpiece in a way that he knows and comprehends fully whatever the original author has said in his text. 25.The translator should have thorough knowledge of the subject that s/he deals with. 26.The experienced translators should start using the tools like good monolingual and bilingual dictionaries, encyclopedias, e-dictionaries, glossaries of technical and standard works, etc. from the beginning so that in course of time it becomes easy to find out the equivalent terms without wasting much time and energy on them. 27.Expert translators always try to put the text in the target language in a new and attractive garb - by using a new vocabulary, new expressions and structures whenever necessary - to make it more acceptable to the audience in the target language. 28.A serious translator should read a lot to have an in depth understanding of the nuances of the languages s/he deals with (both the source language and the target language). This habit is essential to help a translator gain command of the language. 29.A seasoned translator should be well-conversant with the grammatical, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic features as well as the socio-cultural contexts of both the source language and the target language. 30.A mature translator should have sound knowledge of the discipline to which the target text belongs, particularly the materials which have highly technical vocabulary. 31.Before preparing the final product, a translator should go through the translated work two or three times and see if any last minute changes can be made to make it look more accessible and acceptable. 32.A work of translation has a fixed audience and purpose. 33.When the purpose differs, the audience also changes. 34.The same text may be translated for different audiences and serve different purposes. 2 35.When a text in a foreign or alien language is translated into a local language, we are required to impart a local flavor to it to suit the needs of the local readers. This is called domestication. 36.When we are translating a text for a global audience, from a local language, into a foreign or international language, we need to take into account the cultural set up where we expect the translated text to be accepted. This is called foreignisation. 37.While deciding upon the audience, one needs to take into account the age-group, level of mental or intellectual maturity and the level of exposure to the content being translated. 38.Audience determines the purpose and purpose also determines the audience. 39.In the earlier days, translation was considered to be a sub-branch of linguistics. Gradually it developed into an inter-disciplinary field of study. In the last three decades of the 20th century Translation Studies started functioning as an autonomous branch of study. 40.In the post-modern word, translation has become so relevant that people visualize it as a socio-cultural bridge between communities and countries. 41.Translators are the mediators between the source language/culture and the target language/culture. 42.Translation is a strong democratizing agent. 43.Translation strengthens democracy by giving equal status to all languages and doing away with the dominance of a particular language. 44.Literal translation is first stage of translation in which we simply transfer words from one language to another. 45.Beginners are encouraged to start with literal translation but at the same time they should understand the differences between the structures of the source language and the target language. 46.Literary translation is one of the most popular types of translation because it makes the world literature available in the regional languages and takes the literature in the regional languages to the audience around the world. 47.In view of the increasing demand for translation, the complexity involved in the process of translation and absence of competent translators, the scientists and linguists have collaborated to automate translation or to aid the human translator in terms of specially designed soft-ware programmes with an in-built mechanism for substituting the structures in the source language into a chosen language. 48.The invasion of the Internet in every walk of life has enhanced the role of translation in modern life and has facilitated the use of machine translation in a big way. 3 49.It is almost impossible to think that machines can altogether replace human translators. 50.A translator works with the documents and recorded versions and works at his own pace. 51.An interpreter is required to communicate the sense intended by a speaker through the spoken mode. 52.Translation is the desk work where everything is taken in the written form. 53.Interpreters manage translation orally. 54.In liaison interpreting or consecutive interpreting, the interpreter interprets the speech of a speaker during the pauses s/he takes and then puts the message in the target language for the audience. 55.A definition of translation cannot very easily be given. 56.There is more to translation than owning a good foreign language dictionary. 57.Many assume all one needs to translate a given passage is to decipher between the languages using a translation dictionary. 58.Translation is in fact a science, an art and a skill at the same time. 59.Ferdinand de Saussure noted that some people reduced language to its essential principle, considering it to be nothing more than just a nomenclature that is a list of terms. 60.The most common misconception about translation is that anyone who knows two languages can translate. 61.Anyone who knows two languages to a certain extent can “translate”, meaning that anyone who knows two languages can put words from one language (the source language) into another one (the target language). 62.There is much more to translation than just the mere transferring of some words from the source language into the target language 63.Words are more than just meaning: words convey emotions and cultural concepts, which may exist in one language but not in another. 64.Being able to read, speak and write a foreign language does not give anyone license to undertake translation work. 65.Language is not free of cultural influences. 66.Merely being a native speaker of a language does not ensure or guarantee that that person will be able to translate adequately. 67.Translation requires discipline, study, and continual practice. 68.Translation is a demanding process that not everybody who knows two or more languages can master. 69.Translators must strike a balance between fidelity to the source text and readability in the target language. 4 70.The best translation is the one that no one recognizes as a translation. 71.The best translation is the one in which the document should read as though it were written in the target language originally. 72.The best translation is the one in which the translator does his/her best work when no one realizes s/he has done anything. 73.Having to simultaneously concentrate on two different texts in translating is mentally exhausting because a translator is continuously moving between two languages and mind frames. 74.If the translation is to be accurate and professionally prepared and presented then an experienced translator is crucial. 75.Translation is a modern science at the interface of philosophy, linguistics, psychology, and sociology. 76.Translation is a science in the sense that it necessitates complete knowledge of the structure and make-up of the two languages concerned. 77.Translation is an art since it requires artistic talent to reconstruct the original text in the form of a product that is presentable to the reader who is not supposed to be familiar with the original. 78.Translation is also a skill because it entails the ability to smooth over any difficulty in the translation, and the ability to provide the translation of something that has no equal in the target language. 79.The relationship between language, translation and culture is a key aspect of communication. 80.When we are trying to know more about the culture, language plays an important role and to understand language one needs translations as one might not know of the particular language. 81.The importance of translation in culture and language is high because it pushes the wheel ahead for better communication between two parties. 82.The relationship between culture and translation help bridge the gaps that different languages might create. 83.Interpreters mediate languages orally while translators work with written material. 84.On a general level, the difference between interpretation and translation is that interpretation deals with spoken language in real time while translation focuses on written content. Another difference is that translation happens over a period of time with extensive access to external resources, compared to interpretation which occurs on the spot during a live scenario. 85.Translators focus on working with written materials like print or websites, which is one main difference between translation and interpretation. 86.Interpretation focuses more on paraphrasing the content that the speaker is trying to convey. An interpreter, someone who repeats the message but in a different 5  language, deals with live conversation, which can include translating meetings, conferences, appointments, live TV, and more. 87.Translators work with written language. 88.Interpreters work with spoken or signed language. 89.Interpreters, on the other hand, often deal with translating live conversations as they happen. 90.Simultaneous interpreting happens “on the spot” as the interpreter gives their translation while the speaker is talking. … and usually the interpreter and the speaker aren’t in the same room. 91.Consecutive interpreting has a slight lag, as the interpreter waits until the speaker stops talking to translate their words to a group of people. This method is typically used in smaller team meetings or groups, and in these cases, the interpreter and speakers are in the same room. Often (but not always!) a consecutive interpreter is the sole interpreter present, and so must juggle multiple languages to translate a conversation happening among multiple people. 6