Biology 1306 Lab Practical 2 Review - Mitosis and Meiosis PDF

BIOLOGY 1306 LAB PRACTICAL 2 - REVIEW Mitosis and Meiosis 1 Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase- Late Cleavage Telophase...

BIOLOGY 1306 LAB PRACTICAL 2 - REVIEW Mitosis and Meiosis 1 Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase- Late Cleavage Telophase furrow Daughter cells DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA Chromatin Sister chromatids Sister chromatids Daughter Daughter Daughter chromosomes chromosomes chromosomes Recognize: Mitosis model – Animal cell Cytokinesis with the formation of the cleavage furrow Know what form the DNA is in at each phase: sister Spindle fibers chromatids or daughter chromasomes Centrosome Sister chromatids Which are replicated? Daughter chromosomes or Daughter chromosomes Sister chromatids Which are non-replicated? Daughter chromosomes or Sister chromatids 2  Mitosis CONDENSED Spindle CHROMATIN fibers NUCLEAR MEMBRANE INTACT Interphase Prophase Metaphase Spindle Cleavage fibers furrow Anaphase Telophase Telophase 3 Cytokinesis Cytokinesis  Another view of Anaphase and Telophase of Mitosis Centrosome with centrioles Spindle fibers Telophase – Cytokinesis is the process of dividing the cytoplasm to form two daughter cells. Animals carry out this process by forming a cleavage furrow. Anaphase Cleavage furrow 4 Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase - Late Cell plate Telophase DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA Chromatin Sister Sister Daughter Daughter Daughter chromatids chromatids chromosomes chromosomes chromosomes Recognize: Mitosis model – Plant cell Cytokinesis with the formation of the cell plate Know what form the DNA is in at each phase: sister Spindle fibers chromatids or daughter chromasomes Centrosome Sister chromatids Daughter chromosomes 5  Be able to identify the following: Spindle centrosomes fibers Aster Cytokinesis with the Formation of the cell plate Cell plate 6 1 2 3 Mitosis – onion root tip 1. Prophase – Condensed 4 Sister Chromatids 4 2. Metaphase 5 3. Anaphase – (early) 4. Telophase 5. Interphase – well defined Nucleus and nucleolus 7  Mitosis - Onion Root tip Cytokinesis: the division of the cytoplasm by to formation of the cell plate Cytokinesis is the process of division of the cytoplasm to form two daughter cells. Animal cells carry out this process by forming a cleavage furrow. Plant cells carry out this process by forming a cell plate. Cell plate – (Telophase) 8 Test Yourself... 9  Prophase Telophase – cell plate Anaphase Prophase Metaphase Interphase Prophase Prophase Telophase – cell plate Metaphase 10 Testis Slide Cells undergoing Meiosis / Spermatogenesis Seminiferous tubule Mature Sperm Know that the organ you are viewing is the testis. Know that this is the site of spermatogenesis. Know that the gamete being produced is sperm. Know the process used in forming these gametes is Meiosis. 11 Another view of seminiferous tubule In the center of the tubule (where the pointer is) are the mature sperm. A human sperm cell contains 23 chromosomes (haploid). Cells undergoing Meiosis are located around the edge of the tubule. The process of producing sperm is called spermatogenesis. See the mature sperm around the center-edge (you can see the flagella). 12  Sperm Within the head of the sperm is the nucleus, which contains the DNA. The nucleus is haploid. The tail is a flagellum. 13  Ovary model Know that the organ you are viewing is the ovary (brown). Identify: Primary follicle Secondary follicle Graafian follicle Graafian follicle oocyte – haploid Primary follicle Secondary follicle Oocyte (small structure within the Graffian follicle 14  Know that the organ you are viewing is the ovary. Know that oogenesis produces oocytes (eggs). Be able to identify: primary follicle, secondary follicle, Graffian follicle, oocyte. Know that the oocyte is haploid oocyte Antrium Graafian follicle Secondary follicle 15  Know that the organ you are viewing is the ovary. Know that oogenesis produces oocytes (eggs). Be able to identify: primary follicle, secondary follicle, Graffian follicle, oocyte. Know that the oocyte is haploid. Graafian follicle Antrium oocyte 16