Biology 120.3 Midterm Exam November 1st 2023 PDF

**Biology 120.3 Mid term Exam. November 1^st^, 2023** All questions have a single correct answer, mark the best answer for the question. **Use the bubble sheet that is the same colour as your question sheet only**. Each question is worth two points. Mark all the answers on the bubble sheet provi...

**Biology 120.3 Mid term Exam. November 1^st^, 2023** All questions have a single correct answer, mark the best answer for the question. **Use the bubble sheet that is the same colour as your question sheet only**. Each question is worth two points. Mark all the answers on the bubble sheet provided. Use your student number to identify yourself. 1\. Biology is the study of life. Which of the following is not a function of all living things? a. Homeostasis b. Growth c. Metabolism d. Adaptation to the environment e. All of the above 1. What is Metabolism? a. The organism's response to the environment. b. The organism's ability to develop and maintain complex organization. c. The sum of an organism's anabolic and catabolic biochemical reactions. d. The organism's ability to maintain a constant temperature. e. All of the choices are common cellular activities 2. Which answer best describes a polymer a. A repeating unit in a molecule b. A large molecule made up of smaller molecules joined together c. Small molecules that join together. d. A type of biological plastic e. None of the above 3. Which of the following is a five-carbon sugar\ a. glucose\ b. maltose\ c. ribose\ d. lactose\ e. they are all five carbon sugars 4. Which type of cells are the most numerous in the human body? a. Neuronsb. Bone marrow cells c\. Platelets d. Erythrocytes e. Leucocytes 5. The best type of microscopy for viewing living cells is f. Confocal g. Phase contrast h. Fluorescence i. Electron j. None of the above 7\. The instrument used to slice thin sections of material for viewing in a microscope is called a 8\. Chromatin is made up of a\. proteins, DNA and RNA b\. protein, and RNA c\. DNA and RNA d\. glycoproteins and DNA e\. none of the above 9\. Prokaryotes have a cell wall composed primarily of a. cellulose b. ligninc. pectin d. peptidoglycan e. All of the choices are correct. 10\. A scientist wants to examine the detailed structure of pollen grains to identify the time of year the sample represents. Which one of the following instruments would be best? a. a transmission electron microscope b. a scanning electron microscope c. a transmission light microscope d. a scanning light microscope e. an inverted light microscope 11\. The nucleoid region of a prokaryotic cell a. contains the cell\'s DNA. b. separates the RNA from the cytoplasm. c. is surrounded by a nucleoid membrane. d. contains the cell\'s nucleoli. e. is the site of organelle production. 12\. Which are more closely related on the phylogenetic tree? a. Bacteria and Archaea b. Bacteria and Eukaryota c. Archaea and Eukaryota. d. All are equally relatede. None of the choices are correct. 13\. Which of the following is NOT a component of the nucleus? a\. nuclear membrane b\. ribosomes c\. nucleoplasm d\. nucleolus e\. all are components of the nucleus 14\. Which one of the following statements is *false*? The endomembrane system a. is involved in the synthesis, storage, and export of important molecules. b. includes the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. c. includes the nuclear envelope. d. is a system of interrelated membranes that are all physically connected. e. divides the cell into compartments. 15\. The lysosomes a. help to digest worn-out or damaged organelles. b. synthesize proteins c. break down toxic molecules d. labels and sorts vesicles for export from the celle. all of the choices are correct. 16\. Which of the following is a semi-autonomous organelle? a\. golgi b\. proplastid c\. nucleus d\. chloroplast e\. none of the above are semi-autonomous 17\. Which of the following is not a function of mitosis? Mitosis helps organisms a. b. c. d. e. 18\. Sarcoplasmic reticulum is NOT a\. a specialized type of smooth endoplasmic reticulum b\. abundant in liver cells c\. continuous with the rough endoplasmic reticulum d\. contains large stores of calcium e\. all are true of sarcoplasmic reticulum 19\. Eukaryotic cells spend most of their cell cycle in which cell phase? a. interphase b. prophase c. metaphase d. anaphase e. telophase 20\. Which of the following group of molecules is involved in regulating the cell cycle a. amino acids b. cyclins c. transaminases d. aquaporins e. none of the above. 21\. Which of these is NOT true of glycoproteins?a. they are important for cell signalling b. they are composed of a large carbohydrate with short protein chains attached c. found only on cell membranes d. processed in the rough endoplasmic reticulum e. All of the choices are correct. 22\. During Mitosis and meiosis spindle fibres attach b. To the centrioles and kinetochores c. To the nuclear membrane to pull it apart d. From one centriole to the other e. From the chromosomes to the cell wall 23\. The seven traits in peas that Gregor Mendel worked with are all discrete traits. This means that a\. each trait was difficult to observe b\. there were a wide range of alternate forms of the traits c\. only a trained botanist could determine the phenotype d\. a test cross was needed to determine the phenotype e\. each trait only had two forms 24\. If a man with haemophilia and a woman who has a brother with haemophilia had a child what is the likelihood that a female child will have haemophilia ? a\. 100% b. 75%% c. 50% d. 25%% e. 0% 25\. In a dihybrid cross between a plant that is heterozygous for flower colour and height is crossed with a homozygous recessive plant, what is the expected genotypic ratio of the offsprint? a\. 3:1 b\. 100% heterozygous c\. 9:3:3:1 d\. 1:1 e\. 1:1:1:1 26\. Cells in the G~0~ stage of the cell cycle 27\. which of the following are NOT able to diffuse directly through the plasma membrane a\. glucose b\. oxygen c\. water d\. carbon dioxide e\. they all diffuse through the plasma membrane 28\. Which of the following is NOT true of spindle fibres a\. They are present in all cells continuously b\. They are composed of a protein called tubulin c\. They play a major role in cell division d\. kinetochores connect to them e\. All are true of spindle fibres 29\. Which is true of microfilaments a\. are part of the endocytotic network b\. are made of repeating units of actin c\. create pathways for transporting vesicles inside the cell d\. are found only at the cell membrane e\. All are true 30\. The mechanism that causes herbaceous plants to stand up again when watered after they wilt is called a\. Capillary action b\. Osmosis c\. Diffusion d\. Active transport e\. None are correct 31\. In this illustration of three different transportation mechanisms across a membrane the type shown in the middle is know as a\. uniporter b\. antiporter c\. channel porter d\. symporter e\. transporter 32\. The difference between active transport and passive transport is a\. Active transport happens only during G~1~ phase in the cell cycle, passive transport happens throughout the cell cycle b\. Active transport requires specialized proteins and passive transport doesn't use specialized protein pores c\. Active transport uses channels and passive transport uses pores d\. Active transport requires the use of energy in the form of ATP, passive transport does not require ATP e\. None of the answers are true 33\. Chromosome nondisjunction occurs when a\. Occurs as a normal part of prophase I b\. occurs as a normal part of prophase II c\. Occurs occasionally during metaphase I & prophase II d\. Occurs occasionally during anaphase I or II e\. All are incorrect 34\. During which meiotic phase do the sister chromatids separate to the poles a\. Prophase I b\. Metaphase I c\. Anaphase I d\. Metaphase II e\. Anaphase II 35\. In DNA replication what is the function of the DNA binding proteins? a\. They prevent the two DNA strands from sticking together again after strand separation before replication b\. They help the DNA strands to reassemble correctly after replication of the new strand c\. They help the lagging strand spool out so that the DNA pol III can access the 5' end of the template strand d\. They bind to the Okazaki fragments to signal the DNA pol III to stop replication e\. None of these are correct 36\. The reason that RNA primers are needed in DNA replication is a\. RNA binds to DNA less tightly enabling replication b\. The RNA polymerase can only use an RNA primer to replicate DNA c\. No RNA primer is needed in DNA replication d\. The DNA polymerase cannot add bases to DNA without a 3' hydroxyl provided by the RNA primer e\. None of the above 37\. What was the contribution that Rosalind Franklin made to DNA research? a\. that A:T rations and C:G rations are consistent across organisms of a species b\. that DNA is the genetic material c\. that DNA is a double helix d\. that DNA polymerase III needs a primer to add bases e\. None of the above 38\. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur? a\. G~0~ b\. G~1~ c\. S d\. G~2~ e\. Mitosis 39\. Which statement explains what polygenic inheritance is? a\. Traits that are found on the sex chromosomes b\. Traits with multiple dominant alleles c\. some traits are the result of the interactions of multiple genes d\. the interactions of a gene with the environment e\. all are true 40\. Which of the following are NOT found in mitochondria a\. proteins b\. ribosomes c\. DNA d\. RNA e\. All of the above are found in mitochondria 41\. Transcription of DNA to RNA occurs in the a\. nucleolus b\. nucleus c\. cytosol d\. mitochondria e\. none of the above 42\. How do vesicles move from the rough ER to the golgi? a\. Motor proteins transport them on microtuble tracks b\. By active transport c\. Osmosis d\. Using microfilaments e\. None of the above 43\. How many chromatids are present in a cell with 5 pairs of chromosomes during G~2~ a\. 5 b\. 10 c\. 15 d\. 20 e\. 50 44\. A biologist was examining some unknown cells and was able to identify some organelles, she found mitochondria, ribosomes, lysosomes and endoplasmic reticulum (rough and smooth). From this information what type of cells was she looking at 45\. The idea that all living things are composed of cells and that all cells come from other cells defines: a. central dogma. b. the laws of inheritance. c. organelle theory. d. cell theory. e. inheritance of acquired characteristics