BIOL 244L Reproductive System Exam (SP24) PDF

Reproductiv e Anatomy LAB 12 FINAL COMPREHENSIVE LAB EXAM Final lab exam is in next week during normal lab class time 1. Practical portion: 40 anatomy ID questions a. Models and microscopes set up at 20 stations around the room b. 1.5 minutes per station c. NO microscope slide...

Reproductiv e Anatomy LAB 12 FINAL COMPREHENSIVE LAB EXAM Final lab exam is in next week during normal lab class time 1. Practical portion: 40 anatomy ID questions a. Models and microscopes set up at 20 stations around the room b. 1.5 minutes per station c. NO microscope slides for labs 1-8 material 2. Written portion: Mix of question types with some short answer a. ~ one hour exam b. Will cover material from all labs c. Short answer questions will focus on physiology labs  Male Reproductive organs External genitalia Rectum Penis Urinary bladder structure i s b Penis Pu Corpus Spongiosu Anus m Corpus Cavernosu Bulb of m Glans penis penis Test Prepuce Scrotum is (foreski n)  Male Reproductive organs Accessory Seminal gland (vesicle) glands Rectum produce Urinary bladder seminal fluid s semen = b i Prostate Pu sperm + seminal fluid Anus Bulbo-urethral gland Test is  Male Reproductive Ampulla of Ductus organs Sperm ductus (vas) path Rectum deferens deferens Urinary bladder Ejaculatory duct i s b Prostati Pu c Urethra Membrano us Urethra Anus Spongy Urethra Epididym Externa is Test l is urethra l orifice Penis cross-section tissues Skin Columns of Dorsal vessels and nerves erectile tissue Deep arteries Blood flow Corpus engorging cavernosum tissue Venous cavities causes Corpus erection spongiosum Tunica albuginea Connective Spongy urethra tissue  Penis Cross- section slide Corpus Cavernosum Tunica albuginea Spongy urethra Corpus spongiosum Epididymis Pseudostratifie d columnar epithelium Stereocilia (non-motile microvilli) Sperm in lumen Comparison Urethral Glans of orifice penis Shaft of Glans of penis clitoris Urethral orifice Vaginal orifice Labia Scrotum minora Labia majora Anus Anus Female External Genitalia Called the vulva Perineum = region between pubic symphysis and anus Female external genitalia Pubic symphysis Uterus Myometrium Endometrium Clitoris External urethral Mons orifice pubis Vaginal Labia orifice minora Labia majora Anus  Uterine Female tube Infundibulum internal organs Ovary Uterus Br Fimbriae oa d Round lig am Ligament en t Cervix Vagina Histology of the ovary Ectopic pregnancy locations Uterine (fallopian) tube Lumen Ciliated simple columnar epithelium Mucosa Muscularis Serosa (not shown) Uterus layers Serosa Myometrium Endometrium  Adipos Breast Pectoralis e Lobe of 1. Contains major tissue mamma mammary glands ry gland 2. Produces milk for Areola nourishment of Nipple offspring 3. Breast size depends on Opening of lactiferous adipose deposits duct Lab Activities Activity 1: Identify the female and male reproductive structures and organs on the pelvis models. Activity 2: MICROSCOPE SLIDES 1. Uterus 2. Ovary 3. Uterine tube 4. Sperm 5. Testis 6. Epididymis 7. Penis Sexual Life Cycle of Humans The union of a haploid sperm and haploid egg forms a diploid zygote Why are gametes haploid? Generation Generation 2 Generation 3 1 Tetraploid Octoploid Diploid 4n = 92 8n = 184 2n = 46 GAMETOGENESIS How are haploid gametes produced? Diploid Germ-Line Cells:Haploid Gametes: 2n = 46 n = 23 Overvie w of Meiosis Interphase (S) in Germ Cells Form sister chromatids Homologous Sister Chromatids Chromosomes Centromere Dad Mom Replication Meiosis I Meiosis II Homologues separate Sister chromatids separate Haploid (n), duplicated Haploid (n), unduplicated ACTIVITY 3 Put the printed images of the stages of meiosis in the correct order, showing Meiosis I and II. Overvie w of Meiosis Spermatogenesis Spermiogenesis  Spermatogenesis Spermatogenesis in Testes Look for: Spermatogoni a Primary spermatocyte Immature sperm Sperm Head Midpiece Acrosom e Tail Oogenesis Oogenesis Hormone control of the ovarian cycle FSH stimulates follicle growth LH stimulates follicle to secrete estrogen Ovulation of the secondary oocyte occurs with the LH surge Oogenesis in the ovary Ruptured follicle becomes the corpus luteum Secretes progesterone Degenerates to form corpus albicans Hormone control of the uterine Menstrualcycle phase: endometrium sheds Proliferative phase: estrogen stimulates endometrium to thicken Secretory phase: progesterone stimulates endometrium to develop glands and spiral arteries Menstrual phase Proliferative phase Secretory phase Menstrual phase Histological changes in the uterus during menstrual cycle These are set up as demonstration scopes Look for the development of uterine glands and structural integrity Proliferative phase Secretory phase Menstrual phase Lab Activities Activity 2: Examine changes in the endometrium during the menstrual cycle Activity 3 PART 2: Review your notes and lab handout to identify the cell types in spermatogenesis and oogenesis. Then discuss the questions below with your lab partner. 1. Where does each process take place? 2. Age of onset? 3. When does each process end? 4. Number of functional gametes produced by meiosis? Ovarian and uterine cycle review Ovarian cycle: 1. Which structure secretes estrogen? 2. What causes ovulation? When does ovulation occur? 3. What does ruptured follicle form/secrete? Uterine cycle: 4. What are the three phases? 5. Which hormone stimulates endometrium to REMINDERS 1. Lab Exam is next week in person 2. Lab homework on Blackboard this week (due Sunday)