Biochemistry Metabolism of Dietary Lipids PDF

1A BIOCHEMISTRY METABOLISM OF DIETARY LIPIDS Dr. Brendo Jandoc OVERVIEW...

1A BIOCHEMISTRY METABOLISM OF DIETARY LIPIDS Dr. Brendo Jandoc OVERVIEW  Waxes are fatty acid esters with higher molecular weight monohydric alcohols LIPIDS  extracted from tissues by non-polar solvents 2. Complex Lipids  insoluble in H2O  compartmentalization  fatty acid esters containing groups in addition to  daily intake (60-150g), 90 % TAG, remaining are an alcohol and a fatty acid Cholesterol, Cholesteryl esters, Phospholipids,  Phospholipids, Glycolipids (Glycosphingolipids), Unesterified/Free Fatty acids Other Complex Lipids like sulfolipids, aminolipids ,  TAGs are obtained from the diet or synthesized in lipoproteins the liver. They are transported in the blood as  Phospholipids are lipids containing fatty acid, lipoproteins alcohol, phosphoric acid residue and frequently  Major classes of lipoproteins: Chylomicrons, have nitrogen-containing bases and other VLDL, IDL, LDL and HDL substituents  Chylomicrons are produced in intestinal cells from  Glycerophospholipids - alcohol is dietary lipid glycerol  VLDL is produced in the liver, mainly from dietary  Sphingophospholipids - alcohol is carbohydrate sphingosine  IDL and LDL are produced in blood capillaries by  Glycolipids are lipids containing fatty acid, digestion of the TAGs of VLDL sphingosine and carbohydrate  major source of energy  class of lipids includes Cholesterol, Bile salts and Additional info: Steroid hormones (which are derived from cholesterol), the fat-soluble vitamins, and  FA usually have an even number of carbon atoms, are 16- compounds such as the prostaglandins 20 carbon atoms in length  fat soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) regulatory or  FA may be saturated or unsaturated (contain double coenzyme functions bonds)  prostaglandins, steroid hormones body’s homeostasis DIGESTION, ABSORPTION, SECRETION, AND UTILIZATION Processing of Dietary Lipid in the Stomach  Lipids remain unchanged in the mouth  Lipid digestion begins in the stomach, catalyzed by lingual lipase, an acid stable lipase that originates from glands at the back of the tongue  TAGs, particularly fatty acids of short or medium chain length (