Deped General Biology 1: Cell and Its Beginning PDF

Disclaimer This material is exclusively intended for informational and educational purposes only. Contents, opinions and points of view expressed in this material represent the view of the author and those of the participants individually. Adhering to the principles of fair use , this material is...

Disclaimer This material is exclusively intended for informational and educational purposes only. Contents, opinions and points of view expressed in this material represent the view of the author and those of the participants individually. Adhering to the principles of fair use , this material is non-commercial and is regulated to protect privacy and secure confidentialities. GENERAL BIOLOGY 1: LESSON 1: Cell & Its Beginning Masayang Buhay! Good Morning SUBJECT TEACHER PERSONAL PRAYER “The answer to our fears is faith, fear- shrinking faith—in our God” — Jani Ortlund RS Attendance Checking GROUP 1 GROUP 2 GROUP 3 GROUP 4 BIOLOGY 1 ODL Class Q2 General Biology 1 Cell and Its Beginning Week 1: Defining Terminologies Concepts Lesson 1: Cell & Its Examples Beginning Real-life Scenarios Earliest Microscopes & Cell DEPED BIO 1 MET 1 History (Part 1) BIOLOGY 1 ODL Class Q2 General Biology 1 Cell and Its Beginning MET 1: 1. Recognize the cell from the discoveries of numerous scientists. BIOLOGY 1 ODL Class Q2 General Biology 1 Cell and Its Beginning LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, students are expected to: ⮚ recognize the different types of cell; ⮚ recognize the types of microscopes; and ⮚ draw and label the parts of a light microscope. BIOLOGY 1 ODL Class Q2 General Biology 1 Cell and Its Beginning Week 1: Defining Terminologies Concepts Lesson 1: Cell & Its Examples Beginning Real-life Scenarios Earliest Microscopes & Cell DEPED BIO 1 MET 1 History (Part 1) History of Cell The Beginning of Cell Concept ⮚ Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of life. ⮚ The term “cells” was first coined in 1665 by a British scientist Robert Cell theory, fundamental scientific Hooke. theory of biology according to which cells are held to be the basic units of all living tissues. Source: BIO 1 BOOK Source: www.nature.com History of Cell The Beginning of Cell Concept ⮚ He was the first person to study living things under a microscope and examined a thin slice of cork under a microscope and observed honeycomb-like structures. Hooke who coined the term "cells": the ⮚ Robert Hooke called these structures boxlike cells of cork reminded him of the cells of a monastery. Hooke also reported as cells. seeing similar structures in wood and in Source: BIO 1 BOOK other plants. History of Cell The Beginning of Cell Concept ⮚ In 1665, Robert Hooke published Micrographia, a book filled with drawings and descriptions of the organisms he viewed under the recently invented microscope. Hooke observed box-shaped structures, ⮚ The invention of the microscope led which he called “cells” as they reminded him of the cells, or rooms, in monasteries. to the discovery of the cell by Hooke. This discovery led to the development of Source: BIO 1 BOOK the classical cell theory. History of Cell Personalities of Cell Theory Anton von Leeuwenhoek  was the first one who discovered free- living cells of algae in water in 1674. Anton von Leeuwenhoek invented the compound microscope and was the The Dutch scientist and entrepreneur Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723) was the first first to see free-living cells. to discover and describe microorganisms (protists, bacteria), living beings he characterized as “animalcules” (little Source: BIO 1 BOOK animals). History of Cell Personalities of Cell Theory Anton von Leeuwenhoek  Using single-lensed microscopes created for his own, he was able to see and draw microbes for the first time in the history. He was the first to see microscopic foraminifera. He discovered blood cells,  As a result, he became later known and was the first to see living sperm cells of as the “father of microbiology”. animals. He discovered microscopic animals such as nematodes and rotifers. Source: BIO 1 BOOK History of Cell Notable Discoveries Anton von Leeuwenhoek  Leeuwenhoek was one of the first to conduct experiments on himself.  It was from his finger that blood was drawn for examination, and he placed pieces of his skin Both Marcello Malpighi and Jan under a microscope, examining its structure in Swammerdam saw these structures various parts of the body, and counting the before Leeuwenhoek, but Leeuwenhoek was the first to recognize number of vessels that permeate it. what they are: red blood cells. History of Cell Notable Discoveries Anton von Leeuwenhoek  The vacuole of the cell in 1676  Spermatozoa, in 1677  The banded pattern of muscular fibers, in 1682 Both Marcello Malpighi and Jan Swammerdam saw these structures  Bacteria, (e.g., large Selenomonads from before Leeuwenhoek, but the human mouth), in 1683 Leeuwenhoek was the first to recognize what they are: red blood cells. History of Cell Personalities of Cell Theory Matthias Jakob Schleiden  (born April 5, 1804, died June 23, 1881, was a German botanist, cofounder (with Theodor Schwann of the cell theory.)  Schleiden did state that the cell is the fundamental unit of plant structure; all He discovered that all plants are plants are made of cells. made up of cells. History of Cell Personalities of Cell Theory Theodore Schwann  was a German physiologist who collaborated closely with Matthias Schleiden. His contributions to Cell Theory are equally significant:  1839, Schwann concluded that animals, like plants, are composed of cells.  This laid the groundwork for the generality of Cell He discovered that all animals Theory across all living organisms. are made up of cells. History of Cell Personalities of Cell Theory Rudolf Virchow  In 1855, at the age of 34, he published his now famous aphorism “omnis cellula e cellula” (“every cell stems from another cell”). Virchow’s many discoveries include finding cells in bone and connective tissue and describing  With this approach Virchow launched the substances such as myelin. He was the first person to recognize leukemia. He was also the field of cellular pathology. first person to explain the mechanism of pulmonary thromboembolism. History of Cell Other Personalities on Cell Discovery History of Cell Other Personalities on Cell Discovery History of Cell POSTULATES OF CELL THEORY Postulates of Cell theory are: 1. All living organisms are made up of cells or the products of the cells. 2. Cells are the fundamental building blocks of tissues, organs, and entire functioning organisms. 3. New cells are formed through division in the pre-existing cells. History of Cell Functions of Microscope  Microscope is a tool that produces enlarged images of small objects, allowing the observer to have an exceedingly close view of minute structures in a slide.  It is primarily used for examination and analysis. History of Cell First Invented Microscope  In around 1590, Hans and Zacharias Janssen had created a microscope based on lenses in a tube.  No observations from these microscopes were published and it was not until Robert Hooke and Anton van Leeuwenhoek that the microscope, as a scientific instrument, was born. History of Cell Father of Microscopy  Anton Von Leeuwenhoek is known as the father of microscopy.  He was a Dutch tradesman and scientist.  He developed a simple microscope using only a History of Cell Types of Microscopes  Simple and compound are some of the earliest known microscopes that have been recently replaced by electron and fluorescent microscopes. History of Cell Types of Microscopes 1. Light Microscopes  These are basic microscopes that use light to magnify objects.  The lenses in these microscopes refract the light for the objects beneath them to appear closer. History of Cell Types of Microscopes 1. Light Microscopes  The different types of light or optical microscopes are:  Compound microscope  Simple microscope  Dissection or stereo microscope History of Cell Types of Microscopes Dissection/Stereo Microscope History of Cell Types of Microscopes 2. Electron Microscopes  Instead of light, these microscopes use beams of electrons to generate images. The two well-known electron microscopes are:  TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) & SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) History of Cell Types of Microscopes 2. Electron Microscopes  TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) – the electrons transmit or pass through a very thin specimen.  SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) – It scans through the surface of the specimen by focusing the electron beam. History of Cell Types of Microscopes Transmission Electron Microscope Scanning Electron Microscope BIOLOGY 1 ODL Class Q2 General Biology 1 Cell & Its Beginning Week 1: Defining Terminologies Concepts Lesson 1: Cell & Its Examples Beginning Real-life Scenarios Earliest Microscopes & Cell DEPED BIO 1 MET 1 History (Part 1)