Bal-Vikas-and-Shiksha-Sashtra (CTET, REET) PDF
Document Details
CTET
Tags
Related
- FTC 1: The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles PDF
- Child Development & Pedagogy Past Paper 2011-2012
- Arihant Cracker PDF - CTET Solved Papers
- Different Teaching Methods for Young Learners PDF
- Parents' Views of Education on Privacy PDF
- Field Training: First Lecture Instructional Teaching PDF
Summary
This document is a study guide for various teaching examinations. It covers different topics in child development and education. The content is organized by parts and chapters, including specific areas such as child psychology and pedagogy.
Full Transcript
àJʶ ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ CTET REET UPTET MP Samvida BTET UTET, JTET HTET CGTET HPTET LEVEL-I Ed§ LEVEL-II narjm hoVw Part 1 àJʶ àH$meZ 126, go³Q>a-6, {dÚmYa ZJa, O¶nwa 302039 E-Books www.praganya.org ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ H$s Bg nwñ...
àJʶ ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ CTET REET UPTET MP Samvida BTET UTET, JTET HTET CGTET HPTET LEVEL-I Ed§ LEVEL-II narjm hoVw Part 1 àJʶ àH$meZ 126, go³Q>a-6, {dÚmYa ZJa, O¶nwa 302039 E-Books www.praganya.org ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ H$s Bg nwñVH$ H$m à˶oH$ 15 {XZ níMmV² g§emo{YV g§ñH$aU àH$m{eV {H$¶m OmVm h¡& AmnH$mo gbmh Xr OmVr h¡ {H$ Bg nwñVH$ H$s g§emo{YV g§ñH$aU H$s ’«$s PDF àJʶ àH$meZ H$s do~gmBQ> www.praganya.org go hr S>mCZbmoS> H$a|& ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ Part 1 ‘yë¶ … OmBZ, AÝXa H$s gm‘J«r nyU© ¶m Am§{eH$ ê$n go Vmo‹S>-‘amo‹S>H$a d AXb-~XbH$a N>mnZo H$m gmhg Z H$ao, AݶWm dh H$mZyZr Vm¡a na hO} d IM} H$m {Oå‘oXma hmoJm& ¶Ú{n V϶m| H$s g˶Vm gw{ZpíMV H$aZo Ho$ gå~ÝY ‘o§ g^r gå^d gmdYm{Z¶m± ~aVr JB© h¡ VWm{n nwñVH$ ‘| {H$gr Ìw{Q> ¶m Aݶ Xmofm| Ho$ {bE àH$meH$ CÎmaXm¶r Zht hmoJm& {H$gr ^r n[admX Ho$ {bE ݶm{¶H$ joÌ O¶nwa (amOñWmZ) hmoJm& àH$meH$ … àJʶ àH$meZ 126, go³Q>a-6, {dÚmYa ZJa, O¶nwa 302039 ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ H$s Bg nwñVH$ H$mo Xmo ^mJ ‘| àH$m{eV {H$¶m J¶m h¡& àH$m{eV nwñVH$ Ho$ XmoZm| ^mJ àJʶ àH$meZ H$s do~gmBQ> www.praganya.org na CnbãY h¡& Amn dhm± go ’«$s PDF S>mCZbmoS> H$a gH$Vo h¢& ^y{‘H$m àñVwV nwñVH$ ‘| ~mb {dkmZ-‘Zmo{dkmZ H$mo ‘mZg Ho$ g‘j aIH$a ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ H$maU, ‘hÎd, AW© na {dMma aIm J¶m h¡ VWm BgH$s gr‘m H$m {ZYm©aU ^r {H$¶m h¡& {dH$mg Ho$ {Z¶‘, {gÕmÝV Am¡a à^m{dV H$aZo dmbo H$maH$m| na {dMma aIVo hþE, d§emZwH«$‘ Ed§ dmVmdaU na ^r Bemam hþAm h¡& My±{H$ ^yV na hr dV©‘mZ H$m ‘hb {Q>H$m hmoVm h¡ Bgr{bE J^© Ho$ g‘¶ Am¡a nyd© VWm ~mX H$s g‘ñV pñW{V¶m| H$mo ܶmZ ‘| aIH$a h‘Zo H«$‘dma BgH$s ì¶m»¶m àñVwV H$s h¡& EH$ gMoîQ> ‘mbr H$s Vah Mm¡H$sXmar H$m ܶmZ aIm h¡ VWm emar[aH$ {dH$mg go boH$a ~mbH$ Ho$ {H«$¶mË‘H$, g§kmZmË‘H$, ^mfm, gm‘m{OH$, g§doJmË‘H$ VWm ì¶p³VËd {dH$mg H$mo nÕ{V Ho$ AZwgma aIH$a CZ ~mVm| H$mo ^r CR>m¶m h¡, {Oggo {H$ ~mb AnamY H$mo ~‹T>mdm {‘bVm h¡& ~mbH$ {H$g àH$ma {MÝVZ H$aVm h¡, {H$g àH$ma grIVm h¡, CZH$s ì¶p³VJV {d{^ÝZVmE±, ì¶p³VËd, ~w{Õ Am{X na ^r àH$me S>mbm J¶m h¡& {d{eîQ>, gmYmaU Ed§ g‘ñ¶mË‘H$ ~mbH$ Ho$ AZÝVa {dH$mgH«$‘ Ed§ ñd^md na ^r ~mV CR>mB© JB© h¡& ~mbH$m| Ho$ {ejU H$s {d{Y¶m| H$m {dñV¥V {ddoMZ {H$¶m J¶m h¡& ~mbH$m| H$s CnbpãY H$m ‘mnZ ‘mZd {dH$mg H$m Ho$db EH$ n[aM¶ Zht ~pëH$ h‘mar ‘yb^yV g‘ñ¶m H$m g‘mYmZ h¡& {ejm Ho$ joÌ ‘| ~mbH$m| H$mo àmá A{YH$ma, amîQ´>r¶ nmR²>¶M¶m© ê$naoIm Am{X H$mo ^r {df¶-dñVw ‘| gpå‘{bV {H$¶m J¶m h¡& nwñVH$ boIZ ‘| à¶mg {H$¶m J¶m h¡ {H$ àñVm{dV nmR²>¶H«$‘ Ho$ g^r {~ÝXþAm| na MMm© hmo, {Oggo N>mÌm| H$mo {df¶ dñVw Ho$ {bE AÝ¶Ì Z OmZm n‹S>o& gånyU© nmR²>¶-gm‘J«r EH$ hr ñWmZ na CnbãY H$amZo H$m nyU© à¶ËZ {H$¶m J¶m h¡& nmR²>¶-nwñVH$ A˶ÝV hr gab VWm ~moYJå¶ ^mfm ‘| {bIZo H$s MoîQ>m H$s JB© h¡& ^mfm e¡br H$m ñVa ^r A˶ÝV CÀM aIVo hþE Bgo N>mÌm| Ho$ AZwê$n hr aIZo H$m à¶mg {H$¶m J¶m h¡& Amdí¶H$ ñWmZm| na CXmhaU, ÑîQ>mÝV VWm g‘w{MV ì¶m»¶m XoH$a {df¶-dñVw g‘w{MV ê$n go g‘PmZo H$m à¶mg {H$¶m J¶m h¡& nwñVH$ ‘| Aܶm¶rH$aU àñVm{dV nmR²>¶H«$‘ Ho$ AZwê$n aIm J¶m h¡, {Oggo nmR>H$m| H$mo nmR²>¶H«$‘mZwgma Aܶ¶Z H$aZo ‘| gw{dYm aho& h‘| nyU© {dídmg h¡ {H$ àñVwV g§ñH$aU CZ g^r Ho$ {bE Cn¶moJr {gÕ hmoJm, Omo ~mb {dH$mg VWm {ejU {d{Y¶m| ‘| é{M aIVo h¢& h‘mam ¶h à¶mg ahm h¡ {H$ Bg {df¶ H$m Aܶ¶Z H$aZo dmbo Am‘ nmR>H$m| Ho$ {bE ^r ¶h nwñVH$ A˶ÝV Cn¶moJr {gÕ hmo& nwñVH$ Ho$ ^mdr g§ñH$aUm| ‘| gwYma hoVw nmR>H$m| Ho$ ‘yë¶dmZ Ed§ Cn¶moJr gwPmd gX¡d Am‘§{ÌV h¡& boIH$ {df¶-gyMr H«$‘ g§»¶m Aܶm¶ n¥îR> g§»¶m 1. ~mb {dH$mg 1-11 2. d¥{Õ Am¡a {dH$mg 12-26 3. d¥{Õ Ed§ {dH$mg Ho$ {d{^ÝZ Am¶m‘ 27-50 4. d§emZwH«$‘ Ed§ dmVmdaU 51-62 5. A{YJ‘ 63-78 6. A{YJ‘ Ho$ {gÕmÝV 79-108 7. ~mbH$m| ‘| {MÝVZ Ed§ A{YJ‘ 109-132 8. A{^àoaUm Ed§ A{YJ‘ 133-151 9. ì¶p³VJV {d{^ÝZVmE± 152-160 10. ì¶p³VËd 161-179 11. ~w{Õ 180-201 12. {d{eîQ> ~mbH$ 202-256 13. g‘m¶moOZ 257-275 14. {ejU A{YJ‘ H$s ‘yb à{H«$¶mE± 276-291 15. {ejU A{YJ‘ H$s ì¶yh aMZmE± Ed§ {d{Y¶m± 292-317 16. ‘yë¶m§H$Z 318-332 17. CnbpãY narjU H$m {Z‘m©U 333-352 18. {H«$¶mË‘H$ AZwg§YmZ 353-361 19. {Z…ewëH$ Ed§ A{Zdm¶© {ejm A{YH$ma A{Y{Z¶‘, 2009 362-372 20. amîQ´>r¶ nmR²>¶M¶m© ê$naoIm, 2005 373-378 àJʶ ~mb {dH$mg n¥îR> 1 Aܶm¶ 1 ~mb {dH$mg 1.1 àñVmdZm 2. Ooåg S>´oda Ho$ AZwgma- ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$s dh emIm h¡, Omo àmUr Ho$ {dH$mg H$m Aܶ¶Z OÝ‘ ~më¶H$mb ‘mZd OrdZ H$s A˶ÝV ‘hÎdnyU© AdñWm h¡& ¶h {dH$mg H$mb go n[an³dmñWm VH$ H$aVr h¡& ^mdr OrdZ H$s AmYma{ebm àñVwV H$aVm h¡& AV… g^r ‘Zmod¡km{ZH$m|, Cn¶w©³V n[a^mfmAm| go ñnîQ> h¡ {H$ ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ ~mbH$m| Ho$ www.praganya.org {ejmempñ̶m| VWm Xme©{ZH$m| Zo Bg AdñWm Ho$ ‘hÎd H$mo ñdrH$ma H$aVo hþE {dH$mg Am¡a ì¶dhma Ho$ g^r njm| H$m Aܶ¶Z J^m©dñWm go {H$emoamdñWm Bg ~mV na Omoa {X¶m h¡ {H$ Bg Am¶w ‘| ~mbH$ H$m nmbZ-nmofU Am¡a {ejU VH$ d¡km{ZH$ VarH$m| go H$aVm h¡, ³¶m|{H$ àmUr H$m OrdZ OÝ‘ go Zht A{nVw Bg àH$ma {H$¶m Om¶o {H$ dh g‘mO, g‘wXm¶ VWm amîQ´> Ho$ CÎm‘ ZmJ[aH$ Ho$ J^m©YmZ Ho$ g‘¶ go hr àmaå^ hmoVm h¡& AV… ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ Bgr {dH$mg H$m ê$n ‘| {dH${gV hmo gHo$& Aܶ¶Z J^m©dñWm go {H$emoamdñWm VH$ H$aVm h¡& ’«$m¶S> Ho$ AZwgma- àmUr Mma, nm±M gmb H$s C‘« ‘| Omo Hw$N> ~ZZm hmoVm h¡ ~Z OmVm h¡& AV… ’«$m¶S> Ho$ AZwgma ^r OrdZ H$s àmapå^H$ AdñWm ‘hÎdnyU© 1.3 {dH$mgmË‘H$ ‘Zmo{dkmZ www.praganya.org AdñWm h¡& gmYmaUV¶m ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ Am¡a {dH$mgmË‘H$ ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$mo EH$ hr AW© ‘| {b¶m OmVm h¡, {H$ÝVw XmoZm| ‘| n¶m©á AÝVa h¡& ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ ~mbH$ Ho$ Hw$N> g‘¶ nyd© VH$ g‘mO H$s ¶h YmaUm Wr {H$ ‘mZd {eew emar[aH$ {dH$mg H$m Aܶ¶Z Ho$db {H$emoamdñWm VH$ hr H$aVm h¡ O~{H$ {dH$mgmË‘H$ ê$n go àm¡‹T>m| Ho$ g‘mZ hr hmoVm h¡, Omo {H$ {dH$mg H«$‘ ‘| Yrao-Yrao àm¡T>m| ‘Zmo{dkmZ A˶ÝV hr {dñV¥V Am¡a ì¶mnH$ h¡& ¶h àmUr Ho$ {dH$mg H$m Ho$ ê$n ‘| n[ad{V©V hmo OmVm h¡& ì¶p³V¶m| H$s Bgr YmaUm Ho$ H$maU ~mb Aܶ¶Z OÝ‘ nyd© go boH$a OrdZ n¶©ÝV H$aVm h¡& {dH$mg EH$ H«${‘H$ à{H«$¶m {dH$mg VWm ~mb ‘Z Ho$ Aܶ¶Z H$s Amdí¶H$Vm h¡& Xme©{ZH$m| Ho$ à¶mgm| h¡, Omo OrdZ-n¶©ÝV {H$gr Z {H$gr ê$n ‘| MbVr ahVr h¡& go Yrao-Yrao ~mb Aܶ¶Z Am¡a ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ ‘hÎd H$mo g‘Pm OmZo bJm, {dH$mg H«$‘ ‘| hmoZo dmbo n[adV©Z g‘mZ Zht hmoVo h¢& OrdZ H$s {OgHo$ ’$bñdê$n ~mb ‘Z VWm ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ Aܶ¶Z Ho$ {bE ñdVÝÌ àmapå^H$ AdñWm ‘| aMZmË‘H$ n[adV©Z hmoVo h¢, ³¶m|{H$ OrdZ Ho$ nydm©Õ© ‘| www.praganya.org ê$n go AbJ-AbJ emImAm| H$m Am{d^m©d hþAm, {OÝh| ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ VWm d¥{Õ Vrd« J{V go hmoVr h¡& OrdZ Ho$ CÎmamÕ© ‘| {dZmemË‘H$ n[adV©Z hmoVm {dH$mgmË‘H$ ‘Zmo{dkmZ Ho$ Zm‘ go OmZm J¶m& h¡& aMZmË‘H$ n[adV©Z àmUr ‘| n[an³dVm bmVo h¢ Am¡a {dZmemË‘H$ n[adV©Z àmUr H$mo d¥ÕmdñWm H$s Amoa bo OmVo h¢& OrdZ Ho$ CÎmamÕ© ‘| {dZmemË‘H$ n[adV©Z hmoVo h¢& ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ Ho$db ~më¶H$mb ‘| hmoZo dmbo aMZmË‘H$ 1.2 ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ n[adV©Zm| H$m hr Aܶ¶Z H$aVm h¡, O~{H$ {dH$mgmË‘H$ ‘Zmo{dkmZ EH$ ì¶mnH$ ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ Xmo eãXm| go {‘bH$a ~Zm h¡- ~mb + ‘Zmo{dkmZ& ~mb à˶¶ h¡, Omo àmUr Ho$ {dH$mg H$s {d{^ÝZ emar[aH$ Am¡a ‘mZ{gH$ XemAm| VWm H$m AW© h¡ ~mbH$ AWm©V² dh àmUr Omo àm¡‹T> H$s loUr ‘| Zht Am¶m h¡, Cgo n[adV©Zm| H$m Aܶ¶Z J^m©YmZ go boH$a d¥ÕmdñWm VH$ H$aVm h¡& ~mbH$ H$s loUr ‘| aIm OmVm h¡& h‘ ¶h ^r H$h gH$Vo h¢ J^m©dñWm go boH$a {H$emoamdñWm VH$ H$s Am¶w Ho$ ~ÀMm| H$mo ~mbH$m| H$s loUr ‘| aIm OmVm h¡& ‘Zmo{dkmZ go A{^àm¶ ‘Z Ho$ {dkmZ go h¡& AV… ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ go VmËn¶© 1.4 ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ Ed§ {dH$mgmË‘H$ {dkmZ H$s Cg emIm go h¡, Omo ~mbH$m| Ho$ ‘Z (ì¶dhmam|) H$m Aܶ¶Z ‘Zmo{dkmZ ‘| AÝVa J^m©dñWm go boH$a {H$emoamdñWm VH$ H$aVr h¡& ¶Ú{n {dH$mgmË‘H$ ‘Zmo{dkmZ ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$s hr EH$ emIm h¡, {H$ÝVw ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ Ho$ AW© H$mo ñnîQ> H$aZo Ho$ {bE {d{^ÝZ ‘Zmod¡km{ZH$m| XmoZm| Ho$ CÔoí¶, H$m¶© joÌ Am¡a ÑpîQ>H$moU ‘| n¶m©á AÝVa h¡& Bg AÝVa H$mo Zo AZoH$ n[a^mfmE± Xr h¡, CZ‘| go Hw$N> n[a^mfmE± {ZåZ{b{IV h¢- {ZåZ AmYma na g‘Pm Om gH$Vm h¡- 1. H«$mo Am¡a H«$mo Ho$ AZwgma- 1. joÌ ‘| AÝVa ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ, dh d¡km{ZH$ Aܶ¶Z h¡, Omo ì¶p³V Ho$ {dH$mg H$m Aܶ¶Z {dH$mgmË‘H$ ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$m joÌ A˶ÝV ì¶mnH$ d {dñV¥V h¡& ¶h ~mb J^©H$mb H$s àmapå^H$ AdñWm go {H$emoamdñWm VH$ H$aVm h¡& ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$m {dñVma h¡, ³¶m|{H$ ¶h àmUr Ho$ {dH$mg H$m Aܶ¶Z OÝ‘ nyd© ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ H$s Bg nwñVH$ H$mo Xmo ^mJ ‘| àH$m{eV {H$¶m J¶m h¡& àH$m{eV nwñVH$ Ho$ XmoZm| ^mJ àJʶ àH$meZ H$s do~gmBQ> www.praganya.org na CnbãY h¡& Amn dhm± go ’«$s PDF S>mCZbmoS> H$a gH$Vo h¢& n¥îR> 2 ~mb {dH$mg àJʶ ¶h nwñVH$ àJʶ àH$meZ, www.praganya.org O¶nwa Ûmam àH$m[eV H$s J¶r h¡ Ed§ BgHo$ àH$meZ Ho$ gdm©{YH$ma àJʶ àH$meZ Ho$ nmg gwa{jV h¡& go boH$a d¥ÕmdñWm VH$ H$aVm h¡& ¶h gånyU© Ord Ho$ {dH$mg go gå~pÝYV 2. S>m{d©Z Ho$ AZwgma- h¡& BgHo$ {dnarV ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$m joÌ Ho$db {H$emoamdñWm VH$ hr gr{‘V ~mb {dH$mg ì¶dhmam| H$m dh {dkmZ h¡, Omo ~mbH$ Ho$ ì¶dhma H$m Aܶ¶Z h¡& {dH$mgmË‘H$ ‘Zmo{dkmZ Ho$ joÌ H$s ì¶mnH$Vm Bg ~mV go ^r kmV hmoVr J^m©dñWm go ‘¥Ë¶wn¶©ÝV VH$ H$aVm h¡& h¡ {H$ {dH$mgmË‘H$ ‘Zmo{dkmZ àmUr Ho$ {dH$mg H«$‘ ‘| hmoZo dmbo aMZmË‘H$ 3. habm°H$ Ho$ AZwgma- VWm {dZmemË‘H$ XmoZm| àH$ma Ho$ n[adV©Zm| H$m Aܶ¶Z H$aVm h¡, O~{H$ ~mb ~mb {dH$mg ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$s dh emIm h¡, Omo J^m©YmZ go boH$a ‘¥Ë¶wn¶©ÝV hmoZo dmbo ‘Zmo{dkmZ Ho$db ~mbH$m| Ho$ aMZmË‘H$ n[adV©Zm| H$m hr Aܶ¶Z H$aVm h¡& ‘Zwî¶ Ho$ {dH$mg H$s {d{^ÝZ AdñWmAm| ‘| hmZo dmbo n[adV©Zm| H$m Aܶ¶Z H$aVm h¡& 2. CÔoí¶ ‘| AÝVa Bg àH$ma Cn¶w©³V n[a^mfmAm§o go ¶h ñnîQ> hmoVm h¡ {H$ ~mb {dH$mg ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$m ‘w»¶ CÔoí¶ ~mbH$ Ho$ ‘Z Am¡a ì¶dhmam| H$mo g‘PZm h¡& www.praganya.org ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$s hr EH$ emIm h¡, Omo ~mbH$m| Ho$ {dH$mg, ì¶dhma, {dH$mg Bg àH$ma Ho$ Aܶ¶Z go e¡{jH$ {ZX}eZ ‘| ghm¶Vm {‘bVr h¡& BgHo$ {dnarV H$mo à^m{dV H$aZo dmbo {d{^ÝZ VÎdm| H$m Aܶ¶Z H$aVr h¡& {dH$mgmË‘H$ ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$m CÔoí¶ ~mbH$ Ho$ ^yV Am¡a ^{dî¶ H$mo CZHo$ dV©‘mZ go Omo‹S>Zm h¡& Bg H$maU {dH$mgmË‘H$ ‘Zmo{dkmZ {dH$mg H$s g^r AdñWmAm| H$m Aܶ¶Z H$aVm h¡& BgH$m à‘wI CÔoí¶ àmUr H$s j‘VmAm| Ho$ 1.7 ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ joÌ {dH$mg H$s {Xem d J{V {ZYm©[aV H$aZm h¡& ~mb {dH$mg H$m joÌ A˶ÝV hr {dñV¥V Am¡a ì¶mnH$ h¡& ¶h ~mbH$ Ho$ 3. ÑpîQ>H$moU ‘| AÝVa {dH$mg Ho$ g^r Am¶m‘m|, ñdê$nm|, Agm‘mݶVmAm|, emar[aH$ d ‘mZ{gH$ www.praganya.org n[adV©Zm| VWm CZH$mo à^m{dV H$aZo dmbo VÎdm|, O¡go- n[an³dVm Am¡a ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ ~mbH$ H$s j‘VmAm| H$m Aܶ¶Z H$aVm h¡& dh ¶h OmZZo H$m à¶mg H$aVm h¡ {H$ ~mbH$ Ho$ AÝXa H$m¡Z-H$m¡Zgr j‘VmE± {dÚ‘mZ h¢& CZHo$ {ejU, d§emZwH«$‘ Am¡a dmVmdaU Am{X g^r H$m Aܶ¶Z H$aVm h¡& ~mb ì¶dhma àm¡‹T>m| go {H$g àH$ma {^ÝZ h¢& {dH$mgmË‘H$ ‘Zmo{dkmZ ~mbH$ H$s {dH$mg Ho$ joÌ Ho$ AÝVJ©V {ZåZ{b{IV ~mVm| H$mo gpå‘{bV {H$¶m OmVm h¡- j‘VmAm| Ho$ {dH$mg Ho$ Aܶ¶Z na ~b XoVm h¡, {OgHo$ AmYma na AmO Ho$ 1. ~mb {dH$mg H$s {d{^ÝZ AdñWmAm| H$m Aܶ¶Z ~mbH$ H$mo H$b Ho$ {bE àm¡‹T>Vm àmá hmo gHo$& àmUr Ho$ OrdZ àgma ‘| AZoH$ AdñWmE± hmoVr h¢& O¡go- J^©H$mbrZ AdñWm, Bg àH$ma Cn¶w©³V {ddaU go ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ VWm {dH$mgmË‘H$ e¡edmdñWm, ~MnZmdñWm, ~më¶mdñWm, d¶ g§{Y Am¡a {H$emoamdñWm& ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ ‘| n¶m©á AÝVa {XIm¶r XoVm h¡& {dH$mg Ho$db ~më¶mdñWm H$m hr Aܶ¶Z Zht H$aVm A{nVw {dH$mg H«$‘ H$s g^r AdñWmAm| Ho$ emar[aH$, ‘mZ{gH$, gm‘m{OH$, g§doJmË‘H$, ~m¡{ÕH$ Am{X www.praganya.org g^r nhbwAm| H$m Aܶ¶Z H$aVm h¡& 1.5 ~mb {dH$mg H$m AW© {dH$mg H«$‘ H$s à˶oH$ AdñWm AnZr EH$ AbJ {deofVm aIVr h¡& ~mb {dH$mg go VmËn¶© ~mbH$m| Ho$ gdmªJrU {dH$mg go h¡& ~mb {dH$mg H$m à˶oH$ AdñWm ‘| nhþ±MZo na ~mbH$ H$s emar[aH$ d ‘mZ{gH$ {H«$¶mAm| H$m Aܶ¶Z H$aZo Ho$ {bE {dH$mgmË‘H$ ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$s EH$ AbJ emIm ~ZmB© ñdê$n ~Xb OmVm h¡, ³¶m|{H$ {ZV Z¶r n[apñW{V¶m| Ho$ gmW g‘m¶moOZ H$aZo J¶r Omo ~mbH$m| Ho$ ì¶dhmam| H$m Aܶ¶Z J^m©dñWm go boH$a ‘¥Ë¶wn¶©ÝV H$aVr Ho$ {bE ~mbH$ AnZo ì¶dhma à{V‘mZm| ‘| n[adV©Z H$a boVm h¡& h¡, naÝVw dV©‘mZ g‘¶ ‘| Bgo ~mb {dH$mg ‘| n[ad{V©V H$a {X¶m J¶m, ³¶m|{H$ 2. ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ {d{^ÝZ nhbwAm| H$m Aܶ¶Z ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ ‘| Ho$db ~mbH$m| Ho$ ì¶dhmam| H$m Aܶ¶Z {H$¶m OmVm h¡, ~mb {dH$mg ~mbH$ Ho$ {H$gr EH$ hr joÌ go gå~pÝYV Zht hmoVm h¡& BgHo$ O~{H$ ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ AÝVJ©V CZ g^r V϶m| H$m Aܶ¶Z {H$¶m OmVm h¡, AÝVJ©V {dH$mg Ho$ {d{^ÝZ nhbwAm|… O¡go- emar[aH$ {dH$mg, ‘mZ{gH$ Omo ~mbH$m| Ho$ ì¶dhmam| H$mo EH$ {ZYm©[aV {Xem àXmZ H$a {dH$mg ‘| ghm¶Vm {dH$mg, g§doJmË‘H$ {dH$mg, gm‘m{OH$ {dH$mg, {H«$¶mË‘H$ {dH$mg, ^mfm àXmZ H$aVo h¢& habm°H$ Zo Bg gå~ÝY ‘| H$hm h¡ {H$- {dH$mg, Z¡{VH$ {dH$mg, Mm[a{ÌH$ {dH$mg Am¡a ì¶p³VËd {dH$mg g^r H$m ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$m Zm‘ ~mb {dH$mg Bg{bE ~Xbm J¶m, ³¶m|{H$ A~ ~mbH$ Ho$ {dñVmanyd©H$ Aܶ¶Z {H$¶m OmVm h¡& {dH$mg Ho$ g‘ñV nhbwAm| na ܶmZ Ho$pÝÐV {H$¶m OmVm h¡, {H$gr EH$ nj na Zht& 3. ~mb {dH$mg H$mo à^m{dV H$aZo dmbo VÎdm| H$m Aܶ¶Z ~mb {dH$mg CZ g^r VÎdm| H$m Aܶ¶Z H$aVm h¡, Omo ~mbH$ Ho$ {dH$mg H$mo à˶j d Aà˶j ê$n go à^m{dV H$aVo h¢& ~mbH$ Ho$ {dH$mg na à‘wI ê$n 1.6 ~mb {dH$mg H$s n[a^mfmE± go d§e naånam Am¡a dmVmdaU VWm n[an³dVm Am¡a {ejU H$m à^md n‹S>Vm ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ gå~ÝY ‘| AZoH$ {dÛmZm| Zoo AbJ-AbJ n[a^mfmE± Xr h¢- h¡& ~mb {dH$mg H$s à{H«$¶m ‘| BZ VÎdm| Ho$ H$maU ~mbH$ H$m ì¶p³VËd EH$ 1. H«$mo EÊS> H«$mo Ho$ AZwgma- {deof ê$n J«hU H$aVm h¡& d§e naånam ~mbH$m| H$mo J^m©YmZ Ho$ g‘¶ hr ~mb {dH$mg dh {dkmZ h¡, Omo ~mbH$ Ho$ ì¶dhma H$m Aܶ¶Z J^m©dñWm go CZHo$ ‘mVm-{nVm VWm nyd©Om| Ho$ {d{^ÝZ emar[aH$ d ‘mZ{gH$ JwU, ¶mo½¶VmE± ‘¥Ë¶wn¶©ÝV VH$ H$aVm h¡& d j‘VmE± àXmZ H$a XoVr h¡, {OZH$m à^md OÝ‘ Ho$ ~mX AmOrdZ ~mbH$ Ho$ ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ H$s Bg nwñVH$ H$m à˶oH$ 15 {XZ níMmV² g§emo{YV g§ñH$aU àH$m{eV {H$¶m OmVm h¡& AmnH$mo gbmh Xr OmVr h¡ {H$ Bg nwñVH$ H$s g§emo{YV g§ñH$aU H$s ’«$s PDF àJʶ àH$meZ H$s do~gmBQ> www.praganya.org go hr S>mCZbmoS> H$a|& àJʶ ~mb {dH$mg n¥îR> 3 ¶h nwñVH$ àJʶ àH$meZ, www.praganya.org O¶nwa Ûmam àH$m[eV H$s J¶r h¡ Ed§ BgHo$ àH$meZ Ho$ gdm©{YH$ma àJʶ àH$meZ Ho$ nmg gwa{jV h¡& {dH$mg Ho$ {d{^ÝZ nhbwAm| na n‹S>Vm h¡& OÝ‘ Ho$ ~mX Omo VÎd ~mbH$ Ho$ 9. ~mbH$m| H$s d¡¶p³VH$ {d{^ÝZVmAm| H$m Aܶ¶Z {dH$mg H$mo à^m{dV H$aVo h¢, do g^r dmVmdaUr¶ hmoVo h¢& dmVmdaUr¶ VÎd ¶Ú{n g^r Am¶w ñVam| na {dH$mg H$m EH$ {ZpíMV à{Vê$n hmoVm h¡, bo{H$Z ^r à˶j d Aà˶j ê$n go {ZaÝVa ~mbH$ Ho$ {dH$mg H$mo {d{^ÝZ ê$nm| ‘| {’$a ^r à˶oH$ joÌ ‘| g^r ~mbH$m| H$m {dH$mg H$m EH$ {ZpíMV à{Vê$n hmoVm à^m{dV H$aVo ahVo h¢& h¡& emar[aH$ {dH$mg ‘| Hw$N> ~mbH$ A{YH$ bå~o, Hw$N> ZmQ>o VWm Hw$N> gm‘mݶ n[an³dVm Am¡a {ejU ^r ~mb {dH$mg na AnZm A˶{YH$ à^md bå~mB© Ho$ hmoVo h¢& Bgr àH$ma ‘mZ{gH$ {dH$mg ‘| ^r Hw$N> à{V^membr, S>mbVo h¢& n[an³dVm AmÝV[aH$ hmoVr h¡ Am¡a {ejU ~mø dmVmdaU go àmá Hw$N> gm‘mݶ Am¡a Hw$N> ‘ÝX ~w{Õ hmoVo h¢& Bgr àH$ma Hw$N> ~mbH$ gm‘m{OH$ hmoVm h¡& ~mbH$ Ho$ g‘w{MV {dH$mg Ho$ {bE XmoZm| H$m hmoZm Amdí¶H$ hmoVm h¡& VWm ~{h‘w©Ir hmoVo h¢, O~{H$ Hw$N> AÝV‘w©Ir& AV… {dH$mg Ho$ g^r joÌm| ‘| Bg àH$ma ~mb$ {dH$mg ~mbH$m| Ho$ {dH$mg H$m Aܶ¶Z H$aVo g‘¶ {dH$mg ì¶p³VJV {^ÝZVm nm¶r OmVr h¡& H$mo à^m{dV H$aZo dmbo g^r VÎdm| H$m ^r Aܶ¶Z H$aVm h¡& 10. ~mbH$m| Ho$ ì¶p³VËd H$m ‘yë¶m§H$Z 4. ~mbH$m| H$s {d{^ÝZ Agm‘mݶVmAm| H$m Aܶ¶Z ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ AÝVJ©V ~mbH$m| H$s {d{^ÝZ emar[aH$$ Am¡a ‘mZ{gH$ ¶mo½¶VmAm| www.praganya.org ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ AÝVJ©V Ho$db gm‘mݶ ~mbH$m| Ho$ {dH$mg H$m hr Aܶ¶Z Zht H$m ‘mnZ d ‘yë¶m§H$Z {H$¶m OmVm h¡& ¶mo½¶VmAm| Ho$ ‘mnZ d ‘yë¶m§H$Z Ho$ {bE {H$¶m OmVm, ~pëH$ ~mbH$m| Ho$ OrdZ {dH$mg H«$‘ ‘| hmoZo dmbr Agm‘mݶVmAm| ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ joÌ ‘| ‘Zmod¡km{ZH$m| Ûmam {ZV Z¶o d¡km{ZH$ VWm à‘mnrH¥$V Am¡a {dH¥${V¶m| H$m ^r Aܶ¶Z {H$¶m OmVm h¡& ~mb {dH$mg, AgÝVw{bV narjUm| H$m {Z‘m©U {H$¶m OmVm h¡& ¶o narjU {d{^ÝZ Am¶w ñVam| na ~mbH$m| ì¶dhmam|, ‘mZ{gH$ {dH$mam|, ~m¡{ÕH$ Xþ~©bVmAm| VWm ~mb AnamYm| Ho$ H$maUm| H$s ¶mo½¶VmAm| H$m ‘mnZ H$a CZHo$ ì¶p³VËd H$m ‘yë¶m§H$Z H$aVo h¢& H$mo OmZZo H$m à¶mg H$aVm h¡ Am¡a {ZamH$aU hoVw Cnm¶ ^r ~VmVm h¡& 11. ~mbH$-A{^^mdH$ gå~ÝYm| H$m Aܶ¶Z 5. ‘mZ{gH$ ñdmñ϶ {dkmZ H$m Aܶ¶Z OÝ‘ Ho$ níMmV² g~go nhbo ~mbH$ H$mo AnZo ‘mVm-{nVm H$m g§ajU àmá www.praganya.org ~mb {dH$mg Ho$db ‘mZ{gH$ Xþ~©bVmAm| Am¡a amoJm| H$m hr Aܶ¶Z Zht H$aVm, hmoVm h¡& ~mbH$ Ho$ ì¶p³VËd {ZYm©aU Am¡a g‘w{MV {dH$mg ‘| ‘mVm-{nVm H$m ~pëH$ {d{^ÝZ ‘Zmod¡km{ZH$ VarH$m| go CZHo$ CnMma ^r àñVwV H$aVm h¡& ‘hÎdnyU© ¶moJXmZ hmoVm h¡& {OZ ~mbH$m| Ho$ gå~ÝY AnZo ‘mVm-{nVm Ho$ gmW ‘Zmo{M{H$Ëgm ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ Am¡a ~mb {dH$mg H$s hr XoZ h¡& AÀN>o Zht hmoVo h¢, do A³ga Hw$g‘m¶mo{OV Am¡a AnamYr àd¥[Îm Ho$ hmo OmVo h¢& 6. ~mb ì¶dhmam| Am¡a AÝV… {H«$¶mAm| H$m Aܶ¶Z ~mb {dH$mg, ~mbH$-A{^^mdH$ gå~ÝYm| Ho$ {ZYm©aH$ VÎdm| VWm g‘ñ¶mAm| ‘Zwî¶ J{Verb d gm‘m{OH$ àmUr h¡& {d{^ÝZ Am¶w ñVam| na dh AnZo Am¡a CZHo$ {ZamH$aU H$m Aܶ¶Z H$a ‘mVm-{nVm VWm ~mbH$m| Ho$ ~rM AÀN>o g‘m¶moOZ Ho$ {bE AnZo gånH©$ ‘| AmZo dmbo ì¶p³V¶m|, O¡go-n[adma Ho$ gå~ÝY {dH${gV H$aZo H$m à¶mg H$aVm h¡, {Oggo ~mbH$ n[adma, g‘mO d bmoJ, n‹S>mogr, AܶmnH$, Iob Ho$ gmWr Am¡a g‘mO ‘| g^r n[a{MVm| Ho$ gmW amîQ´> Ho$ AÀN>o ZmJ[aH$ Ho$ ê$n ‘| {dH${gV hmo gH|$& AÝV… {H«$¶mE± H$aVm ahVm h¡& ~mb {dH$mg, {dH$mg H$s {d{^ÝZ AdñWmAm| ‘| www.praganya.org hmoZo dmbr ~mbH$ H$s {d{^ÝZ AÝV… {H«$¶mAm| H$m Aܶ¶Z H$a ¶h OmZZo H$m 1.8 ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ Aܶ¶Z H$m ‘hÎd à¶mg H$aVm h¡ {H$ ¶o {H«$¶mE± H$m¡Z-gr h¢ Am¡a BZgo ~mbH$m| Ho$ ì¶dhma ‘| dV©‘mZ g‘¶ ‘| ~mb {dH$mg ^r Aݶ gm‘m{OH$ {dkmZm| H$s Vah EH$ ñdVÝÌ ³¶m n[adV©Z hmoVo h¢, ¶o n[adV©Z g‘m¶moOZ ‘| ghm¶H$ h¡ ¶m ~mYH$& ~mbH$ {dkmZ h¡& BgH$m Aܶ¶Z gånyU© ‘mZd {dH$mg H$s BH$mB© ‘mZm OmVm h¡, Ho$ g‘w{MV {dH$mg VWm g‘m¶moOZ Ho$ {bE ¶o AÝV… {H«$¶mE± Amdí¶H$ h¢& Bg{bE H«$mo EÊS> H«$mo Zo H$hm {H$- 7. ~mbH$m| H$s ê${M¶m| H$m Aܶ¶Z ì¶p³V VWm g‘mO Ho$ H$ë¶mU Ho$ joÌ ‘| ê${M aIZo dmbo ‘Zmod¡km{ZH$, {ejH$, ~mb {dH$mg ~mbH$m| H$s ê${M¶m| H$m Aܶ¶Z H$a CÝh| e¡{jH$ Am¡a ì¶mdgm{¶H$ A{^^mdH$, gm‘m{OH$ H$m¶©H$Vm© ~mbH$m| Ho$ Aܶ¶Z H$mo ‘hÎd XoZo bJo h¢& ~mbH$ {ZX}eZ àXmZ H$aVm h¡& ê${M¶m± EH$ A{O©V ì¶dhma h¡, Omo OÝ‘OmV Zht hmoVr ì¶p³V H$m {nVm h¡ ~mbH$ Ho$ àW‘ N>… df© ‘hÎdnyU© hmoVo h¢, Am{X bmoH$mop³V¶m| Zo h¡, ~pëH$ grIr OmVr h¡& ê${M¶m± H$m¶© H$aVr h¢ Am¡a bú¶ H$s ny{V© H$mo AmgmZ ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ Aܶ¶Z Ho$ ‘hÎd H$mo ~‹T>m¶m hr h¡& ~ZmVr h¢& ¶{X ~mbH$ H$mo {H$gr H$m¶© ‘| ê${M hmoVr h¡, Vmo dh Cgo erK«Vm go Bg àH$ma ~mb {dH$mg H$m Aܶ¶Z g^r Ho$ {bE Cn¶moJr h¡& ~mbH$ A{YH$ ‘Zmo¶moJ Ho$ gmW nyam H$a boVm h¡& {H$gr ^r g‘mO d amîQ´> H$s AmYma{ebm h¡& CZH$m ñdñW {dH$mg g‘mO d 8. ~mbH$m| H$s {d{^ÝZ ‘mZ{gH$ à{H«$¶mAm| H$m Aܶ¶Z amîQ´ H$s àJ{V ‘| ¶moJXmZ XoVm h¡& ‘mVm-{nVm ^r ~mb Aܶ¶Z Ho$ Ûmam AnZo ~mb {dH$mg ~mbH$m| Ho$ ~m¡{ÕH$ {dH$mg H$s {d{^ÝZ ‘mZ{gH$ à{H«$¶mAm|, ~ÀMo H$mo g‘mO Ho$ AÀN>o ZmJ[aH$ Ho$ ê$n ‘| {dH${gV H$a gH$Vo h¢& CgH$s O¡go- A{YJ‘, H$ënZm, {MÝVZ, VH©$, ñ‘¥{V VWm à˶jrH$aU Am{X H$m à{V^mAm| H$mo OmZH$a CgH$s {ejm H$s C{MV ì¶dñWm H$a gH$Vo h¢& Aܶ¶Z H$aVm h¡& ~mb {dH$mg ¶h OmZZo H$m à¶mg H$aVm h¡ {H$ {d{^ÝZ ~mb {dH$mg H$m Aܶ¶Z ‘mVm-{nVm VWm Aݶ bmoJm| Ho$ {bE {ZåZ Am¶w ñVam| ‘| ¶o ‘mZ{gH$ à{H«$¶mE± {H$g ê$n ‘| nm¶r OmVr h¢ Am¡a CZHo$ ê$nm| ‘| bm^H$mar hmo gH$Vm h¡- {dH$mg H$s J{V ³¶m hmoVr h¡& Bgr Ho$ AmYma na ‘mZ{gH$ à{H«$¶mAm| H$m 1. {dH$mgmË‘H$ {H«$¶mAm| H$m kmZ àmá hmoZm {dH$mg {H$¶m OmVm h¡& {dH$mg H$s à{H«$¶m Ho$ Xm¡amZ à˶oH$ ~mbH$ {H$gr {d{eîQ> Am¶w ‘| Hw$N> {d{eîQ> ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ H$s Bg nwñVH$ H$mo Xmo ^mJ ‘| àH$m{eV {H$¶m J¶m h¡& àH$m{eV nwñVH$ Ho$ XmoZm| ^mJ àJʶ àH$meZ H$s do~gmBQ> www.praganya.org na CnbãY h¡& Amn dhm± go ’«$s PDF S>mCZbmoS> H$a gH$Vo h¢& n¥îR> 4 ~mb {dH$mg àJʶ ¶h nwñVH$ àJʶ àH$meZ, www.praganya.org O¶nwa Ûmam àH$m[eV H$s J¶r h¡ Ed§ BgHo$ àH$meZ Ho$ gdm©{YH$ma àJʶ àH$meZ Ho$ nmg gwa{jV h¡& JwU àX{e©V H$aVm h¡, Omo Cggo nyd© ¶m ~mX H$s AdñWmAm| ‘| ¶m Vmo hmoVo hr V^r ñdrH$ma H$aVm h¡, O~{H$ CgH$m emar[aH$ d ‘mZ{gH$ ê$n go ì¶dhma Zht h¢ ¶m ¶{X hmoVo ^r h¢, Vmo gm‘mݶ hmoVo h¢ {d{eîQ> Zht& BÝht {d{eîQ> JwUm| gm‘mݶ hmo& ~mb {dH$mg H$m Aܶ¶Z ‘mVm-{nVm VWm {ejH$m| H$mo Bg ~mV H$mo {dH$mgmË‘H$ {H«$¶mE± H$hm OmVm h¡& BZ {dH$mgmË‘H$ {H«$¶mAm| Ho$ AmYma na Ho$ {bE ào[aV H$aVm h¡ {H$ dh àmaå^ go hr ~mbH$m| H$mo Bg àH$ma H$m {ZX}eZ ~mbH$ Ho$ {dH$mg H$s ^{dî¶dmUr H$s Om gH$Vr h¡ Am¡a {dH$mgmË‘H$ {H«$¶mAm| Xo {H$ à˶oH$ joÌ ‘| CZH$m ì¶dhma {Z¶pÝÌV d gm‘mݶ hmo& Ho$ AZwgma CZ JwUm| H$mo {dH${gV H$aZo Ho$ {bE gmYZ d gw{dYmE± àXmZ H$s 8. ~mbH$m| Ho$ ñd^md H$mo g‘PZo ‘| ghm¶H$ Om gH$Vr h¢& O¡go- OÝ‘ Ho$ ~mX 1-12 ‘mh H$s Am¶w ‘| ~mbH$ MbZo H$s {dH$mg H$s {d{^ÝZ AdñWmAm| ‘| g^r ~mbH$m| Ho$ ñd^md ‘| n[adV©Z hmoVm {H«$¶mE± H$aZo bJVm h¡, 3-4 ‘mh ‘| ^mfm {dH$mg hmoZo bJVm h¡ Am{X g^r ahVm h¡& Hw$N> ~mbH$m| H$m {dH$mg Vrd« J{V go hmoVm h¡ dh AnZo à˶oH$ {H«$¶mE± AdñWm {deof H$s {dH$mgmË‘H$ {H«$¶mE± h¢& dmVmdaU Ho$ gmW AmgmZr go g‘m¶moOZ H$a gH$Vo h¢, O~{H$ AÝV‘w©Ir www.praganya.org 2. ~mb nmofU {d{Y¶m| H$m kmZ ~mbH$m| H$mo ¶{X C{MV {ZX}eZ àmá Zht hmoVm h¡ Vmo CZH$m {dH$mg Hw§${R>V hmo ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ Aܶ¶Z go ‘mVm-{nVm VWm A[^^mdH$m| H$mo ~mb nmofU OmVm h¡, ³¶m|{H$ dh AnZr Amdí¶H$VmAm| H$mo ‘hgyg Vmo H$aVo h¢, bo{H$Z {d{Y¶m| H$m kmZ àmá hmo OmVm h¡& à˶oH$ ‘mVm-{nVm àW‘ {eew Ho$ OÝ‘ Ho$ CZH$m àH$Q>rH$aU Zht H$a nmVo h¢& ~mb {dH$mg H$m Aܶ¶Z Eogo ~mbH$m| Ho$ g‘¶ ~mb nmofU Ho$ kmZ go AZ{^k hmoVo h¢, bo{H$Z ~mb {dH$mg H$m Aܶ¶Z ñd^md H$mo g‘PZo VWm CÝh| C{MV {ZX}eZ XoH$a CZHo$ {dH$mg ‘| ghm¶Vm ‘mVm-{nVm H$mo ‘mV¥Ëd VWm {nV¥Ëd Ho$ Xm{¶Ëd O¡go Jå^ra àíZm| H$mo hb H$aHo$ àXmZ H$aVm h¡& ~mb nmofU H$mo ghO ~ZmVm h¡& 9. ~mbH$ Ho$ {dH$mg Ho$ gå~ÝY ‘| nydm©Zw‘mZ 3. ì¶p³V {d{^ÝZVmAm| H$s OmZH$mar àmá hmoZm www.praganya.org H$hmdV h¡ {H$ nyV Ho$ nm±d nmbZo ‘| hr {XIm¶r XoVo h¢& ~mb {dH$mg H$m kmZ ¶Ú{n {dH$mg H$m EH$ {ZpíMV à{V‘mZ hmoVm h¡ Am¡a à˶oH$ {dH$mgmdñWm H$s Bg H$hmdV H$s nwpîQ> H$aVm h¡& ~mb {dH$mg Am¡a ~mb ì¶dhma Ho$ Aܶ¶Z AnZr Hw$N> à‘wI {deofVmE± hmoVr h¢ {’$a ^r OÝ‘ Ho$ ~mX Xmo ~mbH$m| Ho$ {dH$mg Ûmam ~ÀMo Ho$ ^mdr {dH$mg Ho$ Aܶ¶Z ‘| ^{dî¶dmÊmr H$s Om gH$Vr h¡& ¶{X ‘| g‘mZVm Zht nm¶r OmVr h¡, O¡go- EH$ ~mbH$ Hw$emJ« ~w{Õ hmoVm h¡, O~{H$ {H$gr ~mbH$ H$m {dH$mg Am¶w Ho$ {d{^ÝZ ñVam| na Vrd« J{V go hmoVm h¡, Vmo Xÿgam gm‘mݶ ~w{Õ& ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ Aܶ¶Z go ì¶p³VJV {d{^ÝZVmAm| H$m H$hm Om gH$Vm h¡ {H$ ~mbH$ à{V^membr hmoJm, Bgr àH$ma ¶{X gm‘mݶ T>§J nVm MbVm h¡, {Oggo ~mbH$m| Ho$ {ejm {ZX}eZ ‘| ghm¶Vm {‘bVr h¡& go hmoVm h¡, Vmo H$hm Om gH$Vm h¡ {H$ ~mbH$ gm‘mݶ hmoJm& ¶{X ‘ÝX J{V go hmoJm Vmo ~mbH$ ‘ÝX ~w{Õ hmoJm& 4. {dH$mg H$s AdñWmAm| H$m kmZ ~mb {dH$mg H$m Aܶ¶Z ‘mVm-{nVm H$mo ¶h OmZH$mar àXmZ H$aVm h¡ {H$ 10. n[adma ¶m g‘mO H$s gwI-g‘¥{Õ ‘| ghm¶H$ www.praganya.org J^©dñWm go boH$a ~mbH$ àm¡‹T>mdñWm VH$ {H$g àH$ma {dH${gV hmoVm h¡& ~mb {dH$mg H$m Aܶ¶Z Ho$db ~mbH$m| H$m hr gdmªJrU {dH$mg Zht H$aVm OrdZ H$s {d{^ÝZ AdñWmAm| ‘| {dH$mg Ho$ {d{^ÝZ nhbwAm| ‘| H$m¡Z-H$m¡Z go A{nVw ~mbH$m| Ho$ C{MV {dH$mg Ûmam n[adma d g‘mO H$s empÝV VWm gwI n[adV©Z hm|Jo& {dH$mg H$s AdñWm H$s OmZH$mar àmá H$a ‘mVm-{nVm ~mbH$m| g‘¥{Õ ‘| ghm¶Vm àXmZ H$aVm h¡, ³¶m|{H$ AmO H$m ~mbH$ hr ^{dî¶ H$m {nVm Ho$ g‘w{MV {dH$mg ‘| AnZm ¶moJXmZ Xo gH$Vo h¢& VWm amîQ>´ {Z‘m©Vm h¡& ~mbH$ H$m ‘Z EH$ H$ÀMr {‘År Ho$ K‹S>o Ho$ g‘mZ h¡& AV… ¶h H$hm Om gH$Vm h¡¡ {H$ AܶmnH$ d A{^^mdH$ ‘| ~ÀMm| H$s 5. ~mbH$m| Ho$ à{ejU VWm {ejm ‘| Cn¶moJr g’$bVm Ho$ {b¶o CÝh| {dH$mg Ho$ ~mao ‘| nVm hmoZm Mm{hE, {Oggo ¶h kmV ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ Aܶ¶Z go ¶h OmZH$mar {‘bVr h¡ {H$ {H$g AdñWm ‘| ~mbH$ hmo gHo$ {H$ ~mbH$ H¡$go {dH${gV hmo ahm h¡& ¶{X BgH$m à¶moJ Zht hmoVm, Vmo {H$VZr ‘mZ{gH$ ¶mo½¶Vm aIVm h¡& ~ÀMo H$s ‘mZ{gH$ ¶mo½¶Vm Am¡a ~w{Õ Ho$ ~mbH$ H$m {dH$mg hr ~mbH$ H$s àJ{V ‘| ~mYH$ hmoVm h¡& ¶hm± ¶h H$hm Om AZwgma hr CgHo$ à{ejU VWm {ejm H$s ì¶dñWm H$s OmVr h¡ VWm {d{^ÝZ gH$Vm h¡ {H$ AܶmnH$ d A{^^mdH$m| H$mo ~mbH$ Ho$ {dH$mg H$s {Xem H$m nyU© H$jmAm| ‘| CgH$s ¶mo½¶VmZwgma hr nmR²>¶H«$‘ V¡¶ma {H$¶m OmVm h¡& kmZ hmoZm Mm{hE& 6. ~mbH$m| Ho$ ì¶p³VËd {Z‘m©U ‘| ghm¶H$ ~mb {dH$mg H$m Aܶ¶Z ~mb {dH$mg H$o {d{^ÝZ nhbwAm| H$s OmZH$mar àXmZ H$aVm h¡, {Oggo ‘mVm-{nVm, A{^^mdH$m| VWm {ejH$m| H$mo ¶h OmZH$mar 1.9 ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ gå~ÝY ‘o àM{bV ^«m{ÝV¶m± àmá hmoVr h¡ {H$ ~mbH Ho$ ì¶p³VËd {Z‘m©U ‘| H$m¡Z-go VÎd ghm¶H$ h¢ Am¡a Am¡a naånamJV {dídmg H$m¡Z-go ~mYH$& H$m¡Z-go VÎd ì¶p³VËd {dH$mg Ho$ {bE na‘ Amdí¶H$ h¢ ¶Ú{n 20dt eVmãXr ‘| ~mb-{dH$mg {df¶ H$m A˶{YH$ {dH$mg hþAm h¡ Am¡a H$m¡Z-go ~mYH$& Am{X ~mV| ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ Aܶ¶Z go hr kmV hmoVr h¢, {’$a ^r dV©‘mZ g‘¶ ‘| ~mbH$m| Am¡a CZHo$ {dH$mg Ho$ gå~ÝY ‘| Hw$N> Eogr {OÝh| OmZH$a ~mbH$m| Ho$ ì¶p³VËd {dH$mg ‘| ghm¶Vm àmá hmoVr h¡& ^«mpÝV¶m± Am¡a naånamJV {dídmg h¢, Omo ~mbH$m| H$mo à^m{dV H$aVo h¢& ¶o 7. ~mbH$m| Ho$ ì¶dhmam| H$mo {Z¶pÝÌV H$aZo ‘| ghm¶H$ ^«mpÝV¶m± Ho$db J«m‘rU Am¡a AZn‹T> bmoJm| ‘| hr Zht h¢, ~pëH$ ehar Am¡a ~mb {dH$mg H$m à‘wI CÔoí¶ ~mbH$m| H$m g‘w{MV {dH$mg H$a CÝh| g‘mO d n‹T>o-{bIo ‘mVm-{nVm Am¡a A{^^mdH$m| ‘| ^r h¢& BZ ^«mpÝV¶m| Ho$ H$maU Xoe Ho$ AÀN>o ZmJ[aH$ Ho$ ê$n ‘| {dH${gV H$aZm h¡& {H$gr ^r ~mbH$ H$mo g‘mO ‘mVm-{nVm H$s nmbZ-nmofU {d{Y¶m± ~mbH$ Ho$ {dH$mg Ho$ {bE Cn¶w³V h¢& ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ H$s Bg nwñVH$ H$m à˶oH$ 15 {XZ níMmV² g§emo{YV g§ñH$aU àH$m{eV {H$¶m OmVm h¡& AmnH$mo gbmh Xr OmVr h¡ {H$ Bg nwñVH$ H$s g§emo{YV g§ñH$aU H$s ’«$s PDF àJʶ àH$meZ H$s do~gmBQ> www.praganya.org go hr S>mCZbmoS> H$a|& àJʶ ~mb {dH$mg n¥îR> 5 ¶h nwñVH$ àJʶ àH$meZ, www.praganya.org O¶nwa Ûmam àH$m[eV H$s J¶r h¡ Ed§ BgHo$ àH$meZ Ho$ gdm©{YH$ma àJʶ àH$meZ Ho$ nmg gwa{jV h¡& à‘wI naånamJV {dídmg {ZåZ{b{IV h¢- J¡aoQ> Ho$ AZwgma- 1. ~më¶mdñWm Ho$ gå~ÝY ‘| Bggo A{YH$ {ZpíMV ~mV Am¡a H$moB© Zht h¡ {H$ AmZwd§{eH$Vm Am¡a dmVmdaU ‘mVm-{nVm ‘| ~mbH$m| Ho$ gå~ÝY ‘| à‘wI ^«mpÝV ¶h h¡ {H$- EH$-Xÿgao H$mo gh¶moJ XoZo dmbo à^md h¢ Am¡a XmoZm| hr ~mbH$ H$s g’$bVm Ho$ {bE A{Zdm¶© h¢& ~mbH$ àm¡‹T> ì¶p³V H$m hr bKwê$n h¡& Bg ^«mpÝV Ho$ H$maU ‘mVm-{nVm AnZo ~mbH$m| go ¶h Cå‘rX H$aVo 4. J^©H$mbrZ à^mdm| Ho$ gå~ÝY ‘| h¢ {H$ do ~më¶mdñWm ‘| hr d¶ñH$m| Ho$ g‘mZ g^r ì¶dhma H$aZo bJ|& ¶{X do Hw$N> bmoJm| H$s ¶h AdYmaUm hmoVr h¡ {H$ J^©dVr ‘m± H$s {d{^ÝZ {H«$¶mE±, H$aZo ‘| Ag‘W© ahVo h¢, Vmo CÝh| XÊS> {X¶m OmVm h¡, AmbmoMZm H$s OmVr h¡ O¡go- ^moOZ, naånamJV CnMma, Pm‹S>’y$±H$ VWm gm‘m{OH$ ar{V-[admO Am¡a VWm {VañH$ma {H$¶m OmVm h¡& Bggo ~mb ‘Z na ~wam à^md n‹S>Vm h¡, do hrZ naånamE± J^©ñW {eew Ho$ {dH$mg H$mo à^m{dV H$aVr h¢& O¡go- Hw$N> bmoJ ‘mZVo ^mdZm H$m {eH$ma hmo OmVo h¢ Am¡a AmË‘{dídmg Imo XoVo h¢, {Oggo CZH$m h¢ {H$ ¶{X IÅm Am¡a MQ>nQ>m ImVr h¡, Vmo ~oQ>m hmoJm& Bg AdYmaUm go Ka Ho$ www.praganya.org ì¶p³VËd {dH$mg Adê$Õ hmo OmVm h¡& gXñ¶ J^©dVr ñÌr H$s XoI^mb H$aVo h¢& à˶oH$ ì¶p³V A{YH$m§eV… nwÌ H$s ‘Zmod¡km{ZH$m| Zo Bg {dídmg H$m IÊS>Z {H$¶m h¡& CZHo$ AZwgma, hr H$m‘Zm H$aVm h¡& AV… do Cg ñÌr H$s A{YH$ XoI^mb H$aVo h¢, {Oggo ~mbH$ hr àm¡‹T> ~ZVm h¡, {H$ÝVw ~më¶mdñWm ‘| dh àm¡‹T>m| Ho$ g‘mZ n[an³d Zht hmoVm h¡& ¶h g§Ho$V {‘bVo h¢ {H$ nwÌ H$s àm{á hmoJr& n[adma Ho$ gXñ¶m| Ho$ Bg àH$ma Ho$ ì¶dhma H$m à^md J^©dVr H$s ‘mZ{gH$ Xem na n‹S>Vm h¡, {Oggo J^©ñW 2. ~mbH$m| Ho$ OÝ‘ Ho$ gå~ÝY ‘| {eew H$m {dH$mg à^m{dV hmoVm h¡& ~mbH$m| Ho$ OÝ‘ Ho$ gå~ÝY ‘| ^r Hw$N> YmaUmE± à‘wI h¢, O¡go- Hw$N> bmoJ J^©H$mbrZ Cn¶w³V d gÝVw{bV ^moOZ, AÀN>m gm{h˶, AÀN>m ‘mZVo h¢ {H$ ew^ ZjÌ ‘| n¡Xm hmoZo dmbm ~ÀMm ^m½¶embr hmoVm h¡ Am¡a CgH$m www.praganya.org OrdZ ñd¶§ Ho$ {bE VWm n[adma Ho$ {bE ‘§JbH$mar hmoVm h¡& Bgr àH$ma Omo ‘Zmoa§OZ, ‘m± H$s gwIXm¶H$ AZw^y{V¶m± g^r Hw$N> J^©ñW {eew Ho$ {dH$mg Ho$ ~ÀMm Aew^ ZjÌ ‘| n¡Xm hmoVm h¡ dh A‘§JbH$mar hmoVm h¡ VWm CgH$m OrdZ {bE gH$mamË‘H$ hmoVm h¡, {H$ÝVw Bg ~mV ‘| H$moB© V϶ Zht h¡ {H$ J^©YmaU n[adma VWm ñd¶§ Ho$ {bE H$îQ>àX hmoVm h¡& Bgr àH$ma gámh Ho$ {d{^ÝZ Ho$ ~mX {eew H$m qbJ n[ad{V©V {H$¶m Om gH$Vm h¡& {eew OÝ‘ EH$ Abm¡{H$H$ {XZm| ‘| OÝ‘ boZo Ho$ gå~ÝY ‘| ^r AbJ-AbJ AdYmaUmE± Am¡a naånamJV à{H«$¶m h¡& ~oQ>m Am¡a ~oQ>r XmoZm| hr g‘mZ ê$n go ‘hÎdembr Am¡a g‘mZ {dídmg h¢& Bgr àH$ma ¶{X {H$gr ~mbH$ Ho$ OÝ‘ Ho$ g‘¶ VWm OÝ‘ Ho$ ~mX j‘VmAm| go ¶w³V hmoVo h¢& H$m°Q>, S>Jbg, pñ‘W Am¡a ~¡{JZ Ho$ eãXm| ‘|- n[adma ‘| H$moB© ew^ H$m¶© hmoVm h¡ Am¡a n[adma H$s àJ{V d g‘¥{Õ hmoVr h¡, Bg g§gma ‘| n¡Xm hmoZo dmbm à˶oH$ ~mbH$ ^JdmZ H$m EH$ Z¶m {dMma h¡ VWm Vmo Cg ~mbH$ H$mo ^m½¶embr ‘mZH$a Cgo Aݶ ~mbH$m| H$s VwbZm ‘| A{YH$ gX¡d VamoVmOm ahZo VWm M‘H$Zo dmbr gå^mdZm h¡& bm‹S>-߶ma {X¶m OmVm h¡& www.praganya.org ‘Zmod¡km{ZH$m| VWm ~mb {deofkm| Ho$ ‘VmZwgma ¶h YmaUm ^r {ZamYma 5. ¶m¡Z ^oX Ho$ gå~ÝY ‘| h¡& Á¶mo{Vf Ho$ AZwgma ZjÌ d K{‹S>¶m± OrdZ H$mo à^m{dV Adí¶ H$aVr h¢, Am{XH$mb go hr ñÌr H$mo {Z~©b Am¡a nwê$f H$mo g~b ‘mZm OmVm h¡& h‘mao {H$ÝVw OÝ‘ go hr {H$gr {eew H$mo ‘§JbH$mar ¶m A‘§JbH$mar Zht ~ZmVr h¢& Ym{‘©H$ J«ÝW ^r nwÌr H$s VwbZm ‘| nwÌ OÝ‘ H$s loîR>Vm H$mo Bg{bE A{YH$ à{gÕ {ejmemñÌr ‘¡S>‘ ‘m[a¶m ‘m°ÊQ>ogar Ho$ AZwgma- ‘mZVo h¢ {H$ ‘mVm-{nVm H$mo ‘moj H$s àm{á H$am¶oJm& h‘mao Y‘© Am¡a àmMrZ ~mbH$ ‘| gÀMr ep³V H$m Amdmg hmoVm h¡ VWm CgH$s ‘wñHw$amhQ> hr gm‘m{OH$ ‘mݶVmAm| Ho$ H$maU hr ~m{bH$mAm| H$s VwbZm ‘| ~mbH$m| H$mo A{YH$ ‘hÎd ào‘ d Cëbmg H$s AmYma{ebm h¡& {X¶m OmVm h¡& Hw$N> ñWmZm| na Vmo nwÌr Ho$ OÝ‘ H$mo Aew^ ‘mZm OmVm h¡ Am¡a 3. d§emZwH«$‘ Ho$ gå~ÝY ‘| OÝ‘ Ho$ ~mX CZH$mo Jbm X~mH$a ‘ma {X¶m OmVm h¡& Omo ‘mVm-{nVm ~mbH$ d§emZwH«$‘ Ho$ gå~ÝY ‘| EH$ àM{bV AdYmaUm ¶h h¡ {H$ O¡go ‘mVm-{nVm Am¡a ~m{bH$mAm| ‘| ^oX ‘mZVo h¢, do ~mbH$m| H$mo A{YH$ gw{dYmE± d bm‹S>-߶ma hmoVo h¢, d¡gr hr gÝVmZ ^r ~ZVr h¡& ¶{X ‘mVm-{nVm {e{jV, gwg§ñH¥$V VWm XoVo h¢ Am¡a ~m{bH$mAm| H$mo H$‘& ‘mVm-{nVm H$s ¶h ^mdZm ~m{bH$mAm| ‘| ~w{Õ‘mZ h¢, Vmo gÝVmZ| ^r gä¶ VWm gwg§ñH¥$V hm|Jr& ¶{X ‘mVm-{nVm {Zaja hrZ-^mdZm H$m {dH$mg H$aVr h¡ Am¡a CZHo$ {dH$mg H$mo Adê$Õ H$aVr h¡, VWm XþamMmar h¢, Vmo CZH$s gÝVmZ| ^r ‘yI© Am¡a XþamMmar ~Z|Jr& Bg àH$ma {H$ÝVw ‘mVm-{nVm H$s ¶h ^«mpÝV ~mbH$ Am¡a ~m{bH$mAm| XmoZm| H$m g‘w{MV {ZîH$f© ê$n ‘| AdYmaUm ¶h h¡ {H$ O¡gm ~rO h¡, d¡gm hr d¥j ~ZoJm Cgo AÀN>m {dH$mg Zht H$a nmVr h¡, ³¶m|{H$ A{YH$ bm‹S>-߶ma nmH$a ~mbH$ A{YH$ ~ZmZo Ho$ {bE à¶mg H$s Amdí¶H$Vm Zht h¡& nwamZr H$hmdV ^r h¡ {H$ ~mo¶m CÚÊS> hmo OmVm h¡& ’«$m°~ob H$m ‘mZZm h¡ {H$- no‹S> ~~yb H$m Vmo Am‘ H$hm± go Am¶oJm& ~mbH$ ñd¶§ {dH$mgmoÝ‘wI hmoZo dmbm ‘mZd nm¡Ym h¡& dwS>dW© Ho$ AZwgma- AmZwd§{eH$Vm Am¡a dmVmdaU H$m gå~ÝY Omo‹S> Ho$ g‘mZ Zht ~pëH$ JwUZ’$b Ho$ AV… ~mbH$m| Ho$ gdmªJrU {dH$mg Ho$ {bE ¶h Amdí¶H$ h¡ {H$ CZHo$ g‘mZ h¡& nmbZ-nmofU ‘| ¶m¡Z {d^oX Z {H$¶m Om¶o& ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ H$s Bg nwñVH$ H$mo Xmo ^mJ ‘| àH$m{eV {H$¶m J¶m h¡& àH$m{eV nwñVH$ Ho$ XmoZm| ^mJ àJʶ àH$meZ H$s do~gmBQ> www.praganya.org na CnbãY h¡& Amn dhm± go ’«$s PDF S>mCZbmoS> H$a gH$Vo h¢& n¥îR> 6 ~mb {dH$mg àJʶ ¶h nwñVH$ àJʶ àH$meZ, www.praganya.org O¶nwa Ûmam àH$m[eV H$s J¶r h¡ Ed§ BgHo$ àH$meZ Ho$ gdm©{YH$ma àJʶ àH$meZ Ho$ nmg gwa{jV h¡& 1.10 ~më¶mdñWm H$s {deofVmE± 6. gm‘m{OH$ JwUm| H$m {dH$mg ¶Ú{n ~më¶mdñWm H$mo 6-12 dfm©¶w VH$ ‘mZm OmVm h¡& habm°H$ Zo Bgo 6 df© ~mbH$, {dÚmb¶ Ho$ N>mÌm| Am¡a AnZo g‘yh Ho$ gXñ¶m| Ho$ gmW n¶m©á g‘¶ go boH$a 12 df© VH$ Ho$ ~rM H$m g‘¶ ‘mZm h¡& Bg AdñWm ‘| ~më¶mdñWm ì¶VrV H$aVm h¡& AV… Cg‘| AZoH$ gm‘m{OH$ JwUm| H$m {dH$mg hmoVm h¡& O¡go- H$s à‘wI {deofVmAm| H$mo {ZåZm§{H$V {~ÝXþAm| Ûmam 춳V {H$¶m Om gH$Vm h¡- gh¶moJ, gX^mdZm, ghZerbVm, AmkmH$m[aVm Am{X& 1. emar[aH$ d ‘mZ{gH$ pñWaVm 7. Z¡{VH$ JwUm| H$m {dH$mg ~mbH$ Ho$ emar[aH$ Am¡a ‘mZ{gH$ {dH$mg ‘| 6 ¶m 7 df© H$s Am¶w Ho$ ~mX Bg AdñWm Ho$ Amaå^ ‘| hr ~mbH$ ‘| Z¡{VH$ JwUm| H$m {dH$mg hmoZo bJVm h¡& pñWaVm Am OmVr h¡& dh pñWaVm CgH$s emar[aH$ d ‘mZ{gH$ ep³V¶m| H$mo ñQ>´¢J Ho$ ‘VmZwgma- Ñ‹T>Vm àXmZ H$aVr h¡& ’$bñdê$n, CgH$m ‘pñVîH$ n[an³d-gm Am¡a dh ñd¶§ 6, 7 Am¡a 8> df© Ho$ ~mbH$m| ‘| AÀN>o-~wao Ho$ kmZ H$m Ed§ ݶm¶nyU© ì¶dhma, www.praganya.org B©‘mZXmar Am¡a gm‘m{OH$ ‘yë¶m| H$s ^mdZm H$m {dH$mg hmoZo bJVm h¡& d¶ñH$-gm OmZ n‹S>Vm h¡, Bg{bE am°g Zo ~më¶mdñWm H$mo {‘϶m-n[an³dVm H$m H$mb ~VmVo hþE {bIm h¡- 8. ~{h‘w©Ir ì¶p³VËd H$m {dH$mg emar[aH$ Am¡a ‘mZ{gH$ pñWaVm ~më¶mdñWm H$s g~go ‘hÎdnyU© {deofVm h¡& e¡edmdñWm ‘| ~mbH$ H$m ì¶p³VËd AÝV‘w©Ir hmoVm h¡, ³¶m|{H$ dh EH$mÝV{ච~më¶mdñWm Ho$ {dH$mg H$m ‘hÎd A˶{YH$ h¡& Bg AdñWm ‘| {dH$mg Am¡a Ho$db AnZo ‘| ê${M boZo dmbm hmoVm h¡& BgHo$ {dnarV, ~më¶mdñWm ‘| H$m Aܶ¶Z AZoH$ ‘hÎdnyU© V϶m| H$mo àH$Q> H$aVm h¡& H¡$ab Ho$ AZwgma- CgH$m ì¶p³VËd ~{h‘w©Ir hmo OmVm h¡, ³¶m|{H$ ~mø OJV² ‘| CgH$s ê${M ~mbH$ Ho$ emar[aH$ {dH$mg Am¡a CgHo$ gm‘mݶ ì¶dhma H$m gh-gå~ÝY BVZm CËnÝZ hmo OmVr h¡& AV… dh Aݶ ì¶p³V¶m|, dñVwAm| Am¡a H$m¶moª H$m A{YH$ www.praganya.org ‘hÎdnyU© hmoVm h¡ {H$ ¶{X h‘ g‘PZm Mmh| {H$ {^ÝZ-{^ÝZ ~mbH$m| ‘| ³¶m g‘mZVmE± go A{YH$ n[aM¶ àmá H$aZm MmhVm h¡& h¢, ³¶m {^ÝZVmE± h¢, Am¶w-d¥{Õ Ho$ gmW ì¶p³V ‘| ³¶m-³¶m n[adV©Z hmoVo h¢, Vmo h‘| 9. g§doJm| H$m X‘Z d àXe©Z ~mbH$m|$ Ho$ emar[aH$ {dH$mg H$m Aܶ¶Z H$aZm hmoJm& ~mbH$ AnZo g§doJm| na A{YH$ma aIZm Ed§ AÀN>r Am¡a ~war ^mdZmAm| ‘| AÝVa 2. ‘mZ{gH$ ¶mo½¶VmAm| ‘| d¥{Õ H$aZm OmZ OmVm h¡& dh CZ ^mdZmAm| H$m X‘Z H$aVm h¡, {OZH$mo CgHo$ ~më¶mdñWm ‘| ~mbH$ H$s ‘mZ{gH$ ¶mo½¶VmAm| ‘| {ZaÝVa d¥{Õ hmoVr h¡& CgH$s ‘mVm-{nVm Am¡a ~‹S>o bmoJ ngÝX Zht H$aVo h¢, O¡go- H$m‘ gå~ÝYr ^mdZmE±& g§doXZm Am¡a à˶jrH$aU H$s ep³V¶m| ‘| d¥{Õ hmoVr h¡& dh {d{^ÝZ ~mVm| Ho$ 10. g§J«h H$aZo H$s àd¥{Îm ~mao ‘| VH©$ Am¡a {dMma H$aZo bJVm h¡& dh gmYmaU ~mVm| na A{YH$ Xoa VH$ ~më¶mdñWm ‘| ~mbH$m| Am¡a ~m{bH$mAm| ‘| g§J«h H$aZo H$s àd¥{Îm ~hþV Á¶mXm AnZo ܶmZ H$mo Ho$pÝÐV H$a gH$Vm h¡& Cg‘| AnZo nyd©-AZw^dm| H$mo ñ‘aU www.praganya.org nm¶r OmVr h¡& ~mbH$ {deof ê$n go H$m±M H$s Jmo{b¶m|, {Q>H$Q>m|, ‘erZm| Ho$ ^mJm| H$amZo H$s ¶mo½¶Vm CËnÝZ hmo OmVr h¡& Am¡a nËWa Ho$ Qw>H$‹S>m| H$m g§M¶ H$aVo h¢& ~m{bH$mAm| ‘| {MÌm|, {Ibm¡Zm| Am¡a 3. {Okmgm H$s à~bVm H$n‹S>m| Ho$ Qw>H$‹S>m| H$m g§J«h H$aZo H$s àd¥{Îm nmB© OmVr h¡& ~mbH$ H$s {Okmgm {deof ê$n go à~b hmoVr h¡& dh {OZ dñVwAm| Ho$ gånH©$ ‘| 11. {Zê$Ôoí¶ ^«‘U H$s àd¥{Îm AmVm h¡, CZHo$ ~mao ‘§o àíZ nyN>H$a ha Vah H$s OmZH$mar àmá H$aZm MmhVm ~mbH$ ‘| {~Zm {H$gr CÔoí¶ Ho$ BYa-CYa Ky‘Zo H$s àd¥{Îm ~hþV A{YH$ hmoVr h¡& CgHo$ ¶o àíZ e¡edmdñWm Ho$ gmYmaU àíZm| go {^ÝZ hmoVo h¢& A~ dh {eew h¡& ‘Zmod¡km{ZH$ ~Q>© Zo AnZo Aܶ¶Zm| Ho$ AmYma na ~Vm¶m h¡ {H$ bJ^J Ho$ g‘mZ ¶h Zht nyN>Vm h¡- dh ³¶m h¡? BgHo$ {dnarV, dh nyN>Vm h¡- ¶h 9 df© Ho$ ~mbH$m| ‘| Amdmam Ky‘Zo, {~Zm Nw>År {bE {dÚmb¶ go ^mJZo Am¡a Eogo ³¶m| h¡? ¶h Eogo H¡$go hþAm h¡? Ambñ¶nyU© OrdZ ì¶VrV H$aZo H$s AmXV| gm‘mݶ ê$n go nmB© OmVr h¡& 4. dmñV{dH$ OJV² go gå~ÝY 12. H$m‘-àd¥{Îm H$s ݶyZVm Bg AdñWm ‘| ~mbH$ e¡edmdñWm Ho$ H$mën{ZH$ OJV² H$m n[a˶mJ H$aHo$ ~mbH$ ‘| H$m‘-àd¥{Îm H$s ݶyZVm hmoVr h¡& dh AnZm A{YH$m§e g‘¶ {‘bZo- dmñV{dH$ OJV² ‘| àdoe H$aVm h¡& dh CgH$s à˶oH$ dñVw go AmH${f©V hmoH$a OwbZo, IobZo-Hy$XZo Am¡a n‹T>Zo-{bIZo ‘| ì¶VrV H$aVm h¡& AV… dh ~hþV hr CgH$m kmZ àmá H$aZm MmhVm h¡& ñQ>´¢J Ho$ eãXm| ‘o§ - H$‘ Adgam| na AnZr H$m‘-àd¥{Îm H$m àXe©Z H$a nmVm h¡& ~mbH$ AnZo H$mo A{V {demb g§gma ‘| nmVm h¡ Am¡a CgHo$ ~mao ‘| OëXr go OëXr OmZH$mar àmá H$aZm MmhVm h¡& 13. gm‘y{hH$ àd¥{Îm H$s à~bVm ~mbH$ ‘| gm‘y{hH$ àd¥{Îm ~hþV à~b hmoVr h¡& dh AnZm A{YH$ go A{YH$ 5. aMZmË‘H$ H$m¶moª ‘| AmZÝX g‘¶ Xÿgao ~mbH$m| Ho$ gmW ì¶VrV H$aZo H$m à¶mg H$aVm h¡¡& am°g Ho$ ~mbH$ H$mo aMZmË‘H$ H$m¶moª ‘| {deof AmZÝX AmVm h¡& dh gmYmaUV… Ka go AZwgma- ~mha {H$gr àH$ma H$m H$m¶© H$aZm MmhVm h¡, O¡go-~JrMo ‘| H$m‘ H$aZm ¶m ~mbH$ àm¶… A{Zdm¶© ê$n go {H$gr Z {H$gr g‘yh H$m gXñ¶ hmo OmVm h¡, Omo Am¡Omam| go bH$‹S>r H$s dñVwE± ~ZmZm& CgHo$ {dnarV, ~m{bH$m Ka ‘| hr H$moB©- AÀN>o Iob IobZo Am¡a Eogo H$m¶© H$aZo Ho$ {bE {Z¶{‘V ê$n go EH$Ì hmoVm h¡, {OZHo$ Z-H$moB© H$m¶© H$aZm MmhVr h¡, O¡go-grZm, {namoZm ¶m H$‹T>mB© H$aZm& ~mao ‘| ~‹S>r Am¶w Ho$ bmoJm| H$mo Hw$N> ^r Zht ~Vm¶m OmVm h¡& ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ H$s Bg nwñVH$ H$m à˶oH$ 15 {XZ níMmV² g§emo{YV g§ñH$aU àH$m{eV {H$¶m OmVm h¡& AmnH$mo gbmh Xr OmVr h¡ {H$ Bg nwñVH$ H$s g§emo{YV g§ñH$aU H$s ’«$s PDF àJʶ àH$meZ H$s do~gmBQ> www.praganya.org go hr S>mCZbmoS> H$a|& àJʶ ~mb {dH$mg n¥îR> 7 ¶h nwñVH$ àJʶ àH$meZ, www.praganya.org O¶nwa Ûmam àH$m[eV H$s J¶r h¡ Ed§ BgHo$ àH$meZ Ho$ gdm©{YH$ma àJʶ àH$meZ Ho$ nmg gwa{jV h¡& 14. gm‘y{hH$ Iobm| ‘| ê${M 5. {Okmgm H$s gÝVwpîQ> ~mbH$ H$mo gm‘y{hH$ Iobm| ‘| A˶{YH$ ê${M hmoVr h¡& dh 6 ¶m 7 df© H$s Am¶w ~mbH$ ‘| {Okmgm H$s àd¥{Îm hmoVr h¡& AV… Cgo Xr OmZo dmbr {ejm H$m ñdê$n ‘| N>moQ>o g‘yhm| ‘| Am¡a H$m’$s g‘¶ VH$ IobVm h¡& Iob Ho$ g‘¶ ~m{bH$mAm| Eogm hmoZm Mm{hE, {Oggo CgH$s Bg àd¥{Îm H$s VwpîQ> hmo& H$s Anojm ~mbH$m| ‘| PJ‹S>o A{YH$ hmoVo h¢& 11 ¶m 12 df© H$s Am¶w ‘| ~mbH$ 6. gm‘y{hH$ àd¥{Îm H$s VwpîQ> Xbr¶ Iobm| ‘| ^mJ boZo bJVm h¡& ñQ>´¢J H$m {dMma h¡- ~mbH$ ‘| g‘yh ‘| ahZo H$s à~b àd¥{Îm hmoVr h¡& dh Aݶ ~mbH$m| go {‘bZm- Eogm em¶X hr H$moB© Iob hmo, {Ogo Xg df© Ho$ ~mbH$ Z IobVo hm|& OwbZm Am¡a CZHo$ gmW H$m¶© H$aZm ¶m IobZm MmhVm h¡& Cgo BZ g~ ~mVm| H$m Adga XoZo Ho$ {bE {dÚmb¶ ‘| gm‘y{hH$ H$m¶moª Am¡a gm‘y{hH$ Iobm| H$m 15. ê${M¶m| ‘| n[adV©Z C{MV Am¶moOZ {H$¶m OmZm Mm{hE& H$mobog{ZH$ Ho$ AZwgma- ~mbH$ H$s ê${M¶m| ‘| {ZaÝVa n[adV©Z hmoVm ahVm h¡& do ñWm¶r ê$n YmaU Z gm‘y{hH$ Iob Am¡a emar[aH$ ì¶m¶m‘-àmW{‘H$ {dÚmb¶ Ho$ nmR²>¶H«$‘ Ho$ A{^ÝZ H$aHo$ dmVmdaU ‘| n[adV©Z Ho$ gmW n[ad{V©V hmoVr ahVr h¢& H$mob Ed§ ~«yg A§J hmoZo Mm{hE& www.praganya.org Zo {bIm h¡- 6 go 12 df© H$s Ad{Y H$s EH$ Anyd© {deofVm h¡-‘mZ{gH$ ê${M¶m| ‘| ñnîQ> 7. aMZmË‘H$ H$m¶moª H$s ì¶dñWm n[adV©Z& ~mbH$ H$s aMZmË‘H$ H$m¶moª ‘| {deof ê${M hmoVr h¡& AV… {dÚmb¶ ‘| {d{^ÝZ àH$ma Ho$ aMZmË‘H$ H$m¶moª H$s ì¶dñWm H$s OmZr Mm{hE& 8. nmR²>¶H«$‘-ghJm‘r {H«$¶mAm| H$s ì¶dñWm 1.11 ~më¶mdñWm ‘| {ejm H$m ñdê$n ~mbH$ H$s {d{^ÝZ ‘mZ{gH$ ê${M¶m| H$mo gÝVwîQ> H$aHo$ CgH$s gwá ep³V¶m| ~më¶H$mb ~mbH$ Ho$ OrdZ H$s AmYma{ebm h¡& AV… ¶h Amdí¶H$ h¡ {H$ www.praganya.org H$m A{YH$V‘ {dH$mg {H$¶m Om gH$Vm h¡& Bg H$m¶© ‘| g’$bVm àmá H$aZo Ho$ ~mbH$ Ho$ {dH$mg Ho$ g^r njm§o H$s {deofVmAm| H$mo ܶmZ ‘| aIVo hþ¶o {ejm {bE {dÚmb¶ ‘§o A{YH$-go-A{YH$ nmR²>¶H«$‘-ghJm‘r {H«$¶mAm| H$m g§MmbZ H$m ñdê$n {ZYm©[aV {H$¶m Om¶o& AV… CgH$s {ejm Ho$ ñdê$n H$mo {ZYm©[aV {H$¶m OmZm Mm{hE& H$aVo g‘¶ {ZåZ ~mVm| na ܶmZ XoZm Mm{hE- 9. n¶©Q>Z d ñH$mCqQ>J H$s ì¶dñWm 1. ^mfm Ho$ kmZ na ~b bJ^J 9 df© H$s Am¶w ‘§o ~mbH$ ‘| {Zê$Ôoí¶ BYa-CYa Ky‘Zo H$s àd¥{Îm hmoVr ñQ>´¢J Ho$ AZwgma Bg AdñWm ‘| ~mbH$m| H$s ^mfm ‘| ~hþV ê${M hmoVr h¡& AV… h¡& CgH$s Bg àd¥{Îm H$mo gÝVwîQ> H$aZo Ho$ {bE n¶©Q>Z Am¡a ñH$mCqQ>J H$mo Bg ~mV na ~b {X¶m OmZm Amdí¶H$ h¡ {H$ ~mbH$, ^mfm H$m A{YH$-go- CgH$s {ejm H$m A{^ÝZ A§J ~Zm¶m OmZm Mm{hE& A{YH$ kmZ àmá H$ao& 10. g§M¶-àd¥{Îm H$mo àmoËgmhZ www.praganya.org 2. Cn¶w³V {df¶m| H$m MwZmd ~mbH$ ‘| g§M¶ H$aZo H$s àd¥{Îm hmoVr h¡& Cgo Omo ^r dñVw AÀN>r bJVr h¡, ~mbH$ Ho$ {bE Hw$N> Eogo {df¶m| H$m Aܶ¶Z Amdí¶H$ h¡, Omo CgH$s Cgr H$m dh g§M¶ H$a boVm h¡& CgHo$ ‘mVm-{nVm Am¡a {ejH$ H$m H$Îm©ì¶ h¡ Amdí¶H$VmAm| H$s ny{V© H$a gH|$ Am¡a CgHo$ {bE bm^àX ^r hm|& Bg {dMma go {H$ do Cgo {ejmàX dñVwAm| H$m g§M¶ H$aZo Ho$ {bE àmoËgm{hV H$a|& {ZåZ{b{IV {df¶m| H$m MwZmd {H$¶m OmZm Mm{hE-^mfm, A§H$J{UV, {dkmZ, 11. g§doJm| Ho$ àXe©Z H$m Adga gm‘m{OH$ Aܶ¶Z, {MÌH$bm, gwboI, nÌ-boIZ Am¡a {Z~ÝY-aMZm& H$mob Ed§ ~«yg Zo ~më¶mdñWm H$mo g§doJmË‘H$ {dH$mg H$m AZmoIm H$mb ‘mZm 3. amoMH$ {df¶-gm‘J«r h¡& ¶h {dH$mg V^r gå^d h¡, O~ ~mbH$ Ho$ g§doJm| H$m X‘Z Z {H$¶m Om¶, ~mbH$m| H$s ê${M¶m| ‘| {d{^ÝZVm Am¡a n[adV©ZerbVm hmoVr h¡, AV… CgH$s ³¶m|{H$ Eogm H$aZo go Cg‘| ^mdZm-J«pÝW¶m| H$m {Z‘m©U hmo OmVm h¡& AV… ñQ>´¢J nwñVH$m| H$s {df¶-gm‘J«r ‘| amoMH$Vm Am¡a {d{^ÝZVm hmoZr Mm{hE& Bg H$m nam‘e© h¡- ÑpîQ>H$moU go {df¶-gm‘J«r H$m gå~ÝY {ZåZ{b[IV go hmoZm Mm{hE-new, ~mbH$m| H$mo gm‘m{OH$ ñdrH¥${V-àmá AnZo g§doJm| H$m X‘Z H$aZo Ho$ ~Om¶ V¥á hmñ¶, {dZmoX, ZmQ>H$, dmVm©bmn, dra nwê$f, gmhgr H$m¶© Am¡a AmíM¶©OZH$ H$aZo ‘| ghm¶Vm Xr OmZr Mm{hE, ³¶m|{H$ g§doJmË‘H$ ^mdZm Am¡a àXe©Z CZHo$ gånyU© ~mV|& OrdZ H$m AmYma hmoVm h¡& 4. nmR²>¶-{df¶ d {ejU-{d{Y ‘| n[adV©Z 12. gm‘m{OH$ JwUm| H$m {dH$mg Bg AdñWm ‘| ~mbH$ H$s ê${M¶m| ‘| {ZaÝVa n[adV©Z hmoVm ahVm h¡& AV… {H$bn¡{Q>´H$ Zo ~më¶mdñWm H$mo à{VÛÝÛmË‘H$ g‘mOrH$aU H$m H$mb ‘mZm nmR²>¶-{df¶ Am¡a {ejU-{d{Y ‘| CgH$s ê${M¶m| Ho$ AZwgma n[adV©Z {H$¶m h¡& AV… {dÚmb¶ ‘| Eogr {H«$¶mAm| H$m A{Zdm¶© ê$n go g§JR>Z {H$¶m OmZm OmZm Amdí¶H$ h¡& Eogm Z H$aZo go Cg‘| {ejm Ho$ à{V H$moB© AmH$f©U Zht ah Mm{hE, {OZ‘| ^mJ boH$a ~mbH$ ‘| AZwemgZ, AmË‘-{Z¶ÝÌU, ghmZw^y{V, OmVm h¡& ’$bñdê$n, CgH$s ‘mZ{gH$ àJ{V ê$H$ OmVr h¡& à{VñnYm©, gh¶moJ Am{X gm‘m{OH$ JwUm| H$m A{YH$V‘ {dH$mg hmo& ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ H$s Bg nwñVH$ H$mo Xmo ^mJ ‘| àH$m{eV {H$¶m J¶m h¡& àH$m{eV nwñVH$ Ho$ XmoZm| ^mJ àJʶ àH$meZ H$s do~gmBQ> www.praganya.org na CnbãY h¡& Amn dhm± go ’«$s PDF S>mCZbmoS> H$a gH$Vo h¢& n¥îR> 8 ~mb {dH$mg àJʶ ¶h nwñVH$ àJʶ àH$meZ, www.praganya.org O¶nwa Ûmam àH$m[eV H$s J¶r h¡ Ed§ BgHo$ àH$meZ Ho$ gdm©{YH$ma àJʶ àH$meZ Ho$ nmg gwa{jV h¡& 13. Z¡{VH$ {ejm {n¶mOo Zo AnZo Aܶ¶Zm| Ho$ AmYma na ~Vm¶m h¡ {H$ bJ^J 8 df© H$m ~mbH$ Aä¶mgmW© àíZ AnZo Z¡{VH$ ‘yë¶m| H$m {Z‘m©U Am¡a g‘mO Ho$ Z¡{VH$ {Z¶‘m| ‘| {dídmg H$aZo bJVm h¡& Cgo BZ ‘yë¶m| H$m C{MV {Z‘m©U Am¡a BZ {Z¶‘m| ‘| Ñ‹T> {dídmg aIZo Ho$ {bE {Z¶{‘V ê$n go Z¡{VH$ {ejm Xr OmZr Mm{hE& H$mobog{ZH$ H$m 1. ~mb {dH$mg H$m AW© h¡- ‘V h¡- ~mbH$ H$mo AmZÝX àXmZ H$aZo dmbr gab H$hm{Z¶m| Ûmam Z¡{VH$ {ejm (1) ì¶dhma ‘| n[adV©Z ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ H$s Bg nwñVH$ H$mo Xmo ^mJ ‘| àH$m{eV {H$¶m J¶m Xr OmZr Mm{hE& (2) ~mbH$ H$m JwUmË‘H$ d n[a‘mUmË‘H$ n[adV©Z h¡& àH$m{eV nwñVH$ Ho$ XmoZm| ^mJ àJʶ (3) ~mbH$ H$m JwUmË‘H$ {dH$mg àH$meZ H$s do~gmBQ> 14. {H«$¶m d Iob Ûmam {ejm (4) ì¶p³VËd ‘| n[adV©Z www.praganya.org www.praganya.org na CnbãY h¡& Amn dhm± go ’«$s PDF g^r {ejm-emñÌr ~mbH$ H$s ñdm^m{dH$ {H«$¶merbVm Am¡a Iob-àd¥{Îm ‘| S>mCZbmoS> H$a gH$Vo h¢& {dídmg H$aVo h¢& AV… CgH$s {ejm H$m ñdê$n Eogm hmoZm Mm{hE, {Oggo dh 2. ~mb {dH$mg H$s àH¥${V H¡$gr ‘mZr OmVr h¡? ñd¶§-{H«$¶m Am¡a Iob Ûmam kmZ H$m AO©Z H$ao& (1) {dkmZ‘¶r (2) AàmH¥${VH$ (3) A{ZpíMV (4) Ad¡km{ZH$ 15. ào‘ d ghmZw^y{V na AmYm[aV {ejm ~mbH$ H$R>moa AZwemgZ ngÝX Zht H$aVm h¡& dh emar[aH$ XÊS>, ~b-à¶moJ 3. ~mb Aܶ¶Z H$m {nVm H$m¡Z h¡? Am¡a S>m±Q>-S>nQ> go K¥Um H$aVm h¡& dh CnXoe Zht gwZZm MmhVm h¡& dh (1) ’«$m¶S> (2) S´>oda Y‘{H$¶m| H$s {MÝVm Zht H$aVm h¡& AV… CgH$s {ejm BZ‘| go {H$gr na www.praganya.org (3) ñQ>oZbo hm°b (4) S>m{d©Z AmYm[aV Z hmoH$a ào‘ Am¡a ghmZw^y{V na AmYm[aV hmoZr Mm{hE& ’«$m¶S> Am¡a CgHo$ AZw¶m{¶¶m| Zo ~më¶mdñWm H$mo ~mbH$ H$m {Z‘m©UH$mar 4. ~mb {dH$mg H$s Cn¶mo{JVm h¡- H$mb ‘mZH$a Bg AdñWm H$mo A˶{YH$ ‘hÎd {X¶m h¡& CZH$m H$hZm h¡ {H$ (1) ~mb {ZX}eZ ‘| (2) ~mbH$m| Ho$ ñd^md H$mo g‘PZo ‘| Bg AdñWm ‘| ~mbH$ {OZ d¡¶p³VH$, gm‘m{OH$ Am¡a {ejm-gå~ÝYr AmXVm| (3) ~mbH$m| Ho$ {ejU ‘| (4) Cn¶w©³V g^r Ed§ ì¶dhma Ho$ à{V‘mZm| H$m {Z‘m©U H$a boVm h¡, CZH$mo ê$nmÝV[aV H$aZm ~hþV 5. nyd© ~më¶mdñWm H$s {deofVm ³¶m h¡? H${R>Z hmo OmVm h¡& Bg ÑpîQ> go àmW{‘H$ {ejm àXmZ H$aZo dmbo {ejH$m| na (1) {Okmgm (2) [Ibm¡Zm| ‘| é{M ~mbH$m| H$m {Z‘m©U H$aZo H$m ‘hmZ² CÎmaXm{¶Ëd h¡& bJ^J Eogo hr {dMmam| H$mo (3) ZdrZ nÕ{V¶m± (4) Cn¶w©³V g^r 춳V H$aVo hþE ãbo¶a, OmoÝg VWm {gångZ Zo {bIm h¡- www.praganya.org e¡{jH$ ÑpîQ>H$moU go OrdZ-MH«$ ‘| ~më¶mdñWm go A{YH$ ‘hÎdnyU© Am¡a H$moB© 6. CÎma ~më¶mdñWm H$s {deofVm h¡- AdñWm Zht h¡& Omo AܶmnH$ Bg AdñWm Ho$ ~mbH$m| H$mo [ejm XoVo h¢, CÝh| ~mbH$m| (1) AmË‘{Z^©a hmoZm (2) {‘Ì ‘ÊS>br ¶m g‘yh {Z‘m©U H$m, CZH$s AmYma^yV Amdí¶H$VmAm| H$m, CZH$s g‘ñ¶mAm| H$m Am¡a CZ n[apñW{V¶m| (3) ñdVÝÌ hmoZm (4) Cn¶w©³V g^r H$m nyd© kmZ hmoZm Mm{hE, Omo CZHo$ ì¶dhma H$mo ê$nmÝV[aV Am¡a n[ad{V©V H$aVr h¢& 7. ~mb {dH$mg H$~ gånÝZ hmoVm h¡? ‘Zmod¡km{ZH$, ~më¶mdñWm H$mo e¡{jH$ ÑpîQ>H$moU go {deof ‘hÎd XoVo (1) ~më¶mdñWm ‘| (2) e¡edmdñWm ‘| h¢& Bg AdñWm ‘| {ejm H$m ¶WmW©dmXr ñdê$n, Omo CZH$s Amdí¶H$Vm, àH¥${V (3) OrdZn¶©ÝV MbVm h¡& (4) {H$emoamdñWm ‘| VWm ‘yb àd¥{Îm¶m| Ho$ emoYZ na AmYm[aV hmo, dh ~mbH$m| Ho$ ‘yb^yV JwUm| H$mo {dH${gV H$aZo VWm CÝh| ñdñW, gOJ ZmJ[aH$ ~ZmZo H$s {Xem ‘| ‘hÎdnyU© 8. ~mb {dH$mg H$mo {H$VZo ^mJm| ‘§o ~m±Q>m J¶m h¡- ^y{‘H$m H$m {Zdm©h H$aVm h¡& (1) 2 (2) 5 (3) 4 (4) 3 ******* àJʶ àH$meZ Ûmam CTET Ed§ à˶oH$ amÁ¶ Ho$ TET (UPTET, MP Samvida, 9. e¡{jH$ ÑpîQ> go ~mb$ {dH$mg H$s AdñWmE± h¢- BTET, UTET, JTET, HTET, CGTET, HPTET) Ho$ {bE ‘m°S>b nona H$s (1) {H$emoamdñWm (2) ~më¶mdñWm ’«$s PDF àH$m{eV H$s OmVr h¡& ‘m°S>b nona H$s ’«$s PDF àmá H$aZo Ho$ {bE {ZåZ{b{IV (3) e¡edmdñWm (4) Cnamo³V VrZm| Whatsapp No. AnZo H$m°boO Ho$ ³bmg J«wn ¶m H$moqMJ Ho$ ³bmg Jw«n ¶m Aݶ ñQ>S>r Jw«n ‘| Om|S>o& AmnHo$ J«wn ‘| ‘m°S>b nona ^ooO {XE OmE±J|& 10. ~mb {dH$mg H$mo gdm©{YH$ à^m{dV H$aZo dmbm H$maH$ h¡- (1) ¶m¡Z {ejm (2) ~w{Õ narjU UPTET - 95301 43210 (3) IobHy$X H$m ‘¡XmZ (4) gwÝXa {dÚmb¶ ^dZ MP Samvida - 95302 43210 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. BTET - 95302 43210 (2) (1) (3) (4) (4) (4) (3) (3) (4) (3) UTET - 72209 29294 JTET - 72209 29239 HTET - 72209 29266 CGTET - 72209 28969 HPTET - 72209 28535 àJʶ ~mb {dH$mg n¥îR> 9 ¶h nwñVH$ àJʶ àH$meZ, www.praganya.org O¶nwa Ûmam àH$m[eV H$s J¶r h¡ Ed§ BgHo$ àH$meZ Ho$ gdm©{YH$ma àJʶ àH$meZ Ho$ nmg gwa{jV h¡& 11. ~mb {dH$mg ‘|- 20. {ZåZ ‘| go H$m¡Zgm {dH$mgmË‘H$ H$m¶© CÎma ~më¶mdñWm Ho$ Cn¶w³V (1) J^m©dñWm go {H$emoamdñWm VH$ H$m Aܶ¶Z hmoVm h¡& Zht h¡? (2) à{H«$¶m na ~b {X¶m J¶m h¡& (1) gm‘mݶ Iob Ho$ {bE Amdí¶H$ emar[aH$ Hw$ebVmE± grIZm (3) dmVmdaU Am¡a AZw^d H$s ^y{‘H$m na ~b {X¶m J¶m h¡& (2) nwê$fmo{MV ¶m pñ̶mo{MV gm‘m{OH$ ^y{‘H$mAm| H$mo àmßV H$aZm (4) Cn¶w©³V g^r na (3) d¡¶p³VH$ AmË‘{Z^©aVm àmßV H$aZm (4) AnZo h‘C‘« ~mbH$mo§ Ho$ gmW ahZm grIZm 12. ~mb {dH$mg H$m Aܶ¶Z joÌ h¡- (1) d¡¶p³VH$ {d{^ÝZVmAm| H$m Aܶ¶Z 21. ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ Aܶ¶Z ‘| {ZåZ{b{IV ‘| go {H$Z ~mVm| H$mo em{‘b (2) ~mb {dH$mg H$s {d{^ÝZ AdñWmAm| H$m Aܶ¶Z {H$¶m OmVm h¡? (3) dmVmdaU Ho$ ~mb {dH$mg na n‹S>Zo dmbo à^mdm| H$m Aܶ¶Z 1. Am¶w Ho$ gmW hmoZo dmbo n[adV©Zm| H$m ³¶m ñdê$n hmoVm h¡? (4) Cn¶w©³V g^r 2. ~mbH$ ‘| hmoZo dmbo n[adV©Zm| H$m {deof Am¶w Ho$ gmW ³¶m gå~ÝY hmoVm www.praganya.org h¡? 13. {dH$mg ewê$ hmoVm h¡- 3. ~mbH$m| ‘| nmB© OmZo dmbr ì¶p³VJV {d{^ÝZVmAm| Ho$ {bE {H$g àH$ma Ho$ (1) CÎma-~më¶mdñWm go (2) àgdnyd© AdñWm go AmZwd§{eH$ Ed§ n[adoeOݶ à^md CÎmaXm¶r hmoVo h¢? (3) e¡edmdñWm go (4) nyd©-~më¶mdñWm go (1) 1 Ed§ 2 14. {dH$mgmË‘H$ ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$m OZH$ {H$go ‘mZm OmVm h¡? (2) 2 Ed§ 3 (1) ’«$m¶S> H$mo (2) ~«yZa H$mo (3) 1 Ed§ 3 (3) OrZ {n¶mOo H$mo (4) Ho$br H$mo (4) ¶o g^r www.praganya.org 15. {Ibm¡Zm| H$s Am¶w H$hm OmVm h¡- 22. {dH$mg H$s à{H«$¶m ‘|........... OrdZ‘yë¶m|, ì¶p³VËd, ì¶dhma (1) nyd© ~më¶mdñWm H$mo (2) CÎma ~më¶mdñWm H$mo B˶m{X H$m {dH$mg ^r em{‘b h¡& (3) e¡edmdñWm H$mo (4) BZ‘| go g^r 1 ÑpîQ>H$moUmo§ 2. ñd^md 3. ê${M¶m| 4. AmXVm| 16. ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ Ho$ AZwgma {ejm Ho$ joÌ ‘| ‘w»¶ ñWmZ h¡- (1) 1 Ed§ 2 (2) 1,2 Ed§ 3 (1) ~mbH$ H$m (2) àemgH$ H$m (3) 2,3 Ed§ 4 (4) ¶o g^r (3) AܶmnH$ H$m (4) A{^^mdH$ H$m 23. {ejm ‘Zmo{dkmZ ‘|........... ‘| hmoZo dmbo ‘mZd {dH$mg H$m Aܶ¶Z 17. e¡edmdñWm ‘| {eew hmoVm h¡- {H$¶m OmVm h¡¡& www.praganya.org (1) gm‘m{OH$ 1. e¡edmdñWm 2. ~më¶mdñWm (2) AmË‘Ho$pÝÐV 3. {H$emoamdñWm 4. d¶ñH$mdñWm (3) g§doJmË‘H$ ÑpîQ> go Ñ‹T> (1) 1 Ed§ 2 (2) 1,2 Ed§ 3 (4) g§doJmË‘H$ ê$n go ApñWa (3) 1 Ed§ 3 (4) ¶o g^r 18. {ZåZ ‘| go H$m¡Zgr nyd© ~më¶mdñWm H$s {deofVm Zht h¡? 24. 6-11 df© Ho$ Am¶w dJ© Ho$ ~mbH$m| H$s {deofVm h¢- (1) Xb/g‘yh ‘| ahZo H$s AdñWm (1) ~mbH$ ñdm^m{dH$ Ed§ g{H«$¶ A{YJ‘H$Vm© hmoVo h¢& (2) AZwH$aU H$aZo H$s AdñWm (2) grIZo Ho$ {bE {ejH$m| na {Z^©a hmoVo h¢& (3) àíZ H$aZo H$s AdñWm (3) ~mbH$, {ejH$m| go kmZ àmßV H$aVo h¢& (4) IobZo H$s AdñWm (4) ~mbH$ grIZo ‘| ê${M Zht aIVo h¢& 19. CÎma ~më¶mdñWm ‘| ~mbH$ ^m¡{VH$ dñVwAm| Ho$ {H$g Amdí¶H$ VÎd 25. 6 ¶m 7 df© H$m ~mbH$ Xÿgam| Ho$ {dMmam| H$mo ñdrH$ma H$aZo Ho$ ¶mo½¶ ‘| n[adV©Z g‘PZo bJVo h¢? Zht hmoVm- (1) Ð춑mZ (1) ³¶m|{H$ dh ~hþV N>moQ>m hmoVm h¡& (2) Ð춑mZ Am¡a g§»¶m (2) ³¶m|{H$ dh Ah‘² Ho$pÝÐV hmoVm h¡& (3) g§»¶m (3) ³¶m|{H$ dh H$ënZmerb hmoVm h¡& (4) Ð춑mZ, g§»¶m Am¡a joÌ (4) ³¶m|{H$ dh ~w{Õ‘mZ Zht hmoVm h¡& 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. (4) (4) (2) (3) (1) (1) (2) (3) (4) (2) (4) (4) (2) (1) (2) ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ H$s Bg nwñVH$ H$mo Xmo ^mJ ‘| àH$m{eV {H$¶m J¶m h¡& àH$m{eV nwñVH$ Ho$ XmoZm| ^mJ àJʶ àH$meZ H$s do~gmBQ> www.praganya.org na CnbãY h¡& Amn dhm± go ’«$s PDF S>mCZbmoS> H$a gH$Vo h¢& n¥îR> 10 ~mb {dH$mg àJʶ ¶h nwñVH$ àJʶ àH$meZ, www.praganya.org O¶nwa Ûmam àH$m[eV H$s J¶r h¡ Ed§ BgHo$ àH$meZ Ho$ gdm©{YH$ma àJʶ àH$meZ Ho$ nmg gwa{jV h¡& 26. {ZåZ ‘| go {H$gH$s ^y{‘H$m nyd© ~më¶mdñWm ‘| ~mbH$ Ho$ g§doJmË‘H$ 36. ~më¶mdñWm ‘| ~mbH$m| H$mo gmh{gH$ ¶mÌmAm| H$s amo‘m§MH$mar H$hm{Z¶m± {dH$mg hoVw gdm©{YH$ ‘hÎdnyU© h¡? gwZmZo g| CZ‘|- (1) AܶmnH$m| H$s (2) g§Jr-gm{W¶m| H$s (1) Amkm Ed§ AZwemgZ Ho$ JwU CËnÝZ hmoVo h¢& (3) n‹S>mo{g¶m| H$s (4) ‘mVm-{nVm H$s (2) ^¶ Ho$ g§doJ g‘mßV hmoVo h¢& ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ H$s Bg (3) CËgmh H$m g§Mma hmoVm h¡& nwñVH$ H$m à˶oH$ 15 {XZ níMmV² 27. A{YH$m§e {dÛmZm| Ho$ AZwgma ~më¶mdñWm H$s Ad{Y h¡- (4) AmZÝX H$s ^mdZm {dH${gV hmoVr h¡& g§ e mo{YV g§ñH$aU àH$m{eV {H$¶m OmVm (1) 5 go 10 df© (2) 6 go 12 df© h¡& AmnH$mo gbmh Xr OmVr h¡ {H$ Bg (3) 4 go 10 df© (4) 2 go 8 df© 37. ~më¶mdñWm H$s EH$ à‘wI {deofVm h¡- nwñVH$ H$s g§emo{YV g§ñH$aU H$s ’«$s (1) A{YJ‘ H$s Vrd«Vm PDF àJʶ àH$meZ H$s do~gmBQ> www.praganya.org 28. H$m°b d ~«yg Zo ~më¶mdñWm H$mo ‘mZm h¡- www.praganya.org (2) AnojmH¥$V pñWa {dH$mg à{H«$¶m (1) g‘ñ¶mË‘H$ H$mb go hr S>mCZbmoS> H$a|& (3) ¶WmW©dmXr X¥pîQ>H$moU (2) AZmoIm H$mb (4) Cn¶w©³V g^r (3) {‘϶m n[an³dVm H$mb (4) {Okmgm H$mb 38. {ejH$ ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ Ho$ kmZ Ûmam ~mbH$m| H$s- 1. ~w{Õ VWm ê${M¶m| H$s OmZH$mar boH$a {ejm XoVm h¡& 29. ~më¶mdñWm H$mo {‘϶m n[an³dVm H$mb H$hm h¡- 2. àH¥${V H$mo OmZH$a {ejm XoVm h¡& (1) am°g Zo (2) H$m°b d ~«yg Zo (3) EZm ’«$m¶S> Zo (4) H«$mo Ed§> H«$mo Zo www.praganya.org 3. Am{W©H$ pñW{V VWm nm[adm[aH$ pñW{V H$s OmZH$mar boH$a {ejm XoVm h¡& (1) Ho$db 1 (2) 1 Ed§ 3 30. ~më¶mdñWm ‘| nm¶r OmZo dmbr àd¥[Îm/àd¥{Îm¶m± h¡/h¢- (3) 2 Ed§ 3 (4) ¶o g^r (1) {Zê$Ôoí¶ ^«‘U H$s àd¥{Îm (2) {Okmgm H$s à~bVm 39. ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$m Aܶ¶Z {ZåZ{b{IV ‘| go {H$gHo$ {bE gdm©{YH$ (3) aMZmË‘H$ H$m¶m] ‘| AmZÝX boZm Amdí¶H$ h¡? (4) Cnamo³V g^r (1) ‘mܶ{‘H$ {ejH$ Ho$ {bE (2) {díd{dÚmb¶ Ho$ {ejH$ Ho$ {bE 31. g‘yh AdñWm ¶m MwñVr H$s AdñWm ^r H$hVo h¢- (3) àmW{‘H$ {ejH$ Ho$ {bE (1) e¡edmdñWm H$mo (2) ~më¶mdñWm H$mo www.praganya.org (4) Cnamo³V g^r Ho$ {bE (3) àm¡‹T>mdñWm H$mo (4) {H$emoamdñWm H$mo 40. {ZåZ{b{IV ‘| go {H$go ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$s Cn¶mo{JVm Ho$ AÝVJ©V 32. ~më¶mdñWm H$mo {ZåZ{b{IV ‘| go {H$g Zm‘ go OmZm OmVm h¡? Zht aIm Om gH$Vm h¡? (1) Q>mobr Am¶w (2) OrdZ H$m AZmoIm H$mb (1) ~mbH$ Ho$ ^{dî¶ Ho$ ~mao ‘| nyd©H$WZ ‘| ghm¶H$ (3) ~³H$s AdñWm (4) Cnamo³V g^r (2) ~mb {ZX}eZ ‘| ghm¶H$ 33. n[an³d ~më¶mdñWm {H$go H$hVo h¢? (3) {ejH$ H$s Am{W©H$ àJ{V ‘| ghm¶H$ (1) 6 go 9 df© (2) 7 go 10 df© (4) ~mbH$m| Ho$ ì¶p³VJV {dH$mg H$mo g‘PZo ‘| Cn¶moJr (3) 8 go 11 df© (4) 9 go 12 df© 41. àmW{‘H$ {ejU Ho$ {bE ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$m kmZ Amdí¶H$ h¡, 34. ~më¶mdñWm ‘| H$m¡Zgr ‘ybàd¥{Îm g~go A{YH$ {H«$¶merb ahVr h¡? ³¶m|{H$- (1) H$m‘ (2) {Okmgm (1) ¶h ~ÀMm| H$mo AZwem{gV ~ZmZo ‘| ghm¶H$ h¡& (3) aMZmË‘H$Vm (4) gm‘y{hH$Vm (2) narjm Ho$ n[aUm‘ ‘| CÝZ{V hmoVr h¡& (3) ¶h ~ÀMm| H$mo A{^ào[aV H$aZo Ho$ {bE gw{dYmOZH$ VarH$m ~Z OmVm h¡& 35. ~më¶mdñWm ‘| n[anmH$ H$mb H$s {ZåZ ‘| go H$m¡Zgr Ad{Y h¡? (4) ¶h ~ÀMm| Ho$ ì¶dhma H$mo g‘PZo ‘| {ejH$ H$s ghm¶Vm H$aVm h¡& (1) 12 go boH$a 14 df© (2) 14 go boH$a 16 df© 42. ~më¶mdñWm ‘| {dH$mg H$mo N>X²‘ n[an³dVm H$m g‘¶ {H$gZo H$hm h¡? (3) 10 go boH$a 12 df© (1) am°g Zo (2) Ooåg Q´>oda Zo (4) Cn¶w©³V ‘| go H$moB© Zht (3) OrZ {n¶mOo Zo (4) EZ.Ama.^m{Q>¶m Zo 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. (4) (2) (2) (1) (4) (2) (4) (4) (4) (3) (3) (4) (4) (3) (3) (4) (1) ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ H$s Bg nwñVH$ H$m à˶oH$ 15 {XZ níMmV² g§emo{YV g§ñH$aU àH$m{eV {H$¶m OmVm h¡& AmnH$mo gbmh Xr OmVr h¡ {H$ Bg nwñVH$ H$s g§emo{YV g§ñH$aU H$s ’«$s PDF àJʶ àH$meZ H$s do~gmBQ> www.praganya.org go hr S>mCZbmoS> H$a|& àJʶ ~mb {dH$mg n¥îR> 11 ¶h nwñVH$ àJʶ àH$meZ, www.praganya.org O¶nwa Ûmam àH$m[eV H$s J¶r h¡ Ed§ BgHo$ àH$meZ Ho$ gdm©{YH$ma àJʶ àH$meZ Ho$ nmg gwa{jV h¡& 43. àmW{‘H$ H$jm Ho$ {ejH$ Ho$ {bE {ZåZ{b{IV ‘| go {H$gH$m kmZ 52. ~mb {dH$mg H$s n[a^mfm H$m Aܶ¶Z joÌ h¡- hmoZm Amdí¶H$ h¡? (1) ~ÀMm| H$s d¶ñH$ VWm d[aîR> ZmJ[aH$m| Ho$ gmW VwbZm H$aoJm& (1) ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ (2) {ejm-Xe©Z (2) ‘mZdr¶ gm‘϶m] ‘| n[adV©Z H$s ì¶m»¶m H$aVm h¡& (3) ñdmñ϶ {dkmZ (4) gm‘m{OH$ {dkmZ (3) OrdZ Ad{Y Ho$ Xm¡amZ ì¶dhma H$s ì¶m»¶m Ty>±T>oJm& 44. ~mbH$m| Ho$ ñd^md H$mo g‘PZo Ho$ {bE {ejH$m| H$mo {ZåZ{b{IV ‘| go (4) {H$gr ~ÀMo Ho$ g§kmZmË‘H$, gm‘m{OH$ VWm Xÿgao gm‘϶m] Ho$ H«${‘H$ {H$gH$m Aܶ¶Z H$aZm Mm{hE? {dH$mg Ho$ {bE CÎmaXm¶r ahoJm& (1) gm‘m{OH$ {dkmZ (2) àmH¥${VH$ {dkmZ (3) ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ (4) ^yJmob 53. ~më¶mdñWm H$mo à{VÛÝÛmË‘H$ g‘mOrH$aU H$s AdñWm {H$gZo H$hm h¡? (1) ’«$m°~ob Zo (2) ñQ>oZbo hm°b Zo 45. {ejH$ Ho$ {bE ‘Zmo{dkmZ/~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$m kmZ ³¶m| Oê$ar h¡? (3) OaerëS> Zo (4) {H$bn¡{Q´>H$ Zo (1) Bg‘| ~ÀMm| H$s AmYma^yV {deofVmAm| H$mo OmZZo H$m Adga {‘bVm h¡& www.praganya.org (2) {ejU ‘Zmod¡km{ZH$ {Z¶‘m| Ho$ AZwHy$b hmoVm h¡& 54. ~mb {dH$mg H$s gånyU© Ad{Y ‘| ‘mZ{gH$ {dH$mg H$s J{V gdm©{YH$ (3) AmYw{ZH$ {ejm àUmbr H$s Amdí¶H$Vm h¡& Vrd« {H$g AdñWm ‘| hmoVr h¡? (4) {ejU g’$b hmoVm h¡& (1) e¡edmdñWm ‘| (2) {H$emoamdñWm ‘| 46. ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ {H$gHo$ ì¶dhma H$m d¡km{ZH$ Aܶ¶Z h¡? (3) ~më¶mdñWm ‘| (4) àm¡‹T>mdñWm ‘| (1) ~mbH$ (2) {ejH$ (3) {H$emoa (4) Cn¶w©³V ‘| go H$moB© Zht 55. OrZ {n¶mOo H$m ~mb {dH$mg dJuH$aU {H$g {gÕmÝV na AmYm[aV h¡? (1) ‘Zmo gm‘m{OH$ {dH$mg {gÕmÝV www.praganya.org 47. ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ EH$ d¡km{ZH$ Aܶ¶Z h¡, {Og‘| ~mbH$ Ho$ OÝ‘ (2) Z¡{VH$ {dH$mg {gÕmÝV nyd© H$mb go boH$a {H$emoamdñWm VH$ H$m Aܶ¶Z {H$¶m OmVm h¡& ¶h (3) ‘Zmob¢{JH$ {dH$mg {gÕmÝV H$WZ h¡- (4) g§kmZmË‘H$ {dH$mg {gÕmÝV (1) habm°H$ H$m (2) Wm°‘gZ H$m (3) H«$mo Ed§ H«$mo H$m (4) am°g H$m 56. ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ e¡{jH$ {Z{hVmW© go gå~pÝYV Zht h¡- (1) {dÚmb¶ Ho$ ~mJ H$s XoI^mb H$aZm 48. Biographical Sketch of a infant Zm‘H$ nwñVH$ H$m àH$meZ (2) {dÚmb¶ VWm g‘wXm¶ H$mo Omo‹S>Zm {H$gZo {H$¶m? (3) àmV…H$mbrZ {dÚmb¶r g^mAm| H$mo gå~mo{YV H$aZm (1) S>m{d©Z Zo (2) ßboQ>mo Zo (4) {nN>‹S>o Am¡a JÝXo joÌm| ‘| bmoJm| H$s godm Ho$ {bE Z OmZm www.praganya.org (3) ê$gmo Zo (4) {d{b¶‘ {hbr Zo 49. àW‘ ~mb {ZX}eZ Ho$ÝÐ {H$gHo$ Ûmam Imobm J¶m? 57. {ZåZ ‘| go H$m¡Zgm {gÕmÝV ~mb {dH$mg ‘| dmVmdaU gå~ÝYr H$maH$m| (1) ßboQ>mo (2) {d{b¶‘ {hbr H$mo hr ‘hÎd XoVm h¡? (3) S>m{d©Z (4) ê$gmo (1) nañna gå~ÝY H$m {gÕmÝV (2) gm‘m{OH$ A{YJ‘ {gÕmÝV 50. ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ dh d¡km{ZH$ Aܶ¶Z h¡, Omo ì¶p³V Ho$ {dH$mg H$m (3) {dH$mg H«$‘ H$s EH$ê$nVm H$m {gÕmÝV Aܶ¶Z J^©H$mb Ho$ àmaå^ go {H$emoamdñWm H$s àmaå^mdñWm VH$ (4) {ZaÝVaVm H$m {gÕmÝV H$aVm h¡& ¶h n[a^mfm {H$gZo Xr? (1) H«$mo Ed§ H«$mo Zo (2) dH©$ Zo 58. EH$ ~mbH$ nhbo nyao hmW H$mo, {’$a A§Jw{b¶m| H$mo Am¡a {’$a hmW Am¡a (3) Ooåg S´>oda Zo (4) AmaO|H$ Zo A§Jw{b¶m| H$mo EH$ gmW MbmZm grIVm h¡& ~mb {dH$mg Ho$ gå~ÝY ‘| 51. ~mb ‘Zmo{dkmZ, ‘Zmo{dkmZ H$s dh emIm h¡, {Og‘| OÝ‘ go ¶h {gÕmÝV H$hbmVm h¡- n[an³d AdñWm VH$ {dH${gV hmo aho ‘mZd H$m Aܶ¶Z {H$¶m OmVm (1) gm‘m{OH$ A{YJ‘ {gÕmÝV (2) nañna gå~ÝY H$m {gÕmÝV h¡& ¶h n[a^mfm {H$gZo Xr? (3) EH$sH$aU H$m {gÕmÝV (4) BZ‘| go H$moB© Zht (1) ê$gmo Zo (2) AmBO|H$ Zo (3) S´>oda Zo (4) H¡$Q>b Zo ******* 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. (1) (3) (2) (1) (3) (1) (2) (1) (3) (4) (4) (1) (4) (4) (2) (3) ~mb {dH$mg Ed§ {ejm emñÌ H$s Bg nwñVH$ H$mo Xmo ^mJ ‘| àH$m{eV {H$¶m J¶m h¡& àH$m{eV nwñVH$ Ho$ XmoZm| ^mJ àJʶ àH$meZ H$s do~gmBQ> www.praganya.org na CnbãY h¡& Amn dhm± go ’«$s PDF S>mCZbmoS> H$a gH$Vo h¢& n¥îR> 12 d¥{Õ Am¡a {dH$mg àJʶ