Lec3.pdf

Cloud Computing Ebtsam Abdullah Al-Muta’a Lecture 3 Cloud Computing Architecture and Management  Content Provide an overview of the cloud architecture Give an insight on the anatomy of the cloud Describe the role of network connec...

Cloud Computing Ebtsam Abdullah Al-Muta’a Lecture 3 Cloud Computing Architecture and Management  Content Provide an overview of the cloud architecture Give an insight on the anatomy of the cloud Describe the role of network connectivity in the cloud Give a description about applications in the cloud Give a detailed description about managing the cloud Provide an overview about application migration to the cloud  Cloud Architecture Any technological model consists of an architecture based on which the model functions, which is a hierarchical view of describing the technology.  Cloud Architecture Figure depicts the architecture. The cloud architecture can be divided into four layers based on the access of the cloud by the user.  Layer 1 (User/Client Layer) This layer is the lowest layer in the cloud architecture. All the users or client belong to this layer. This is the place where the client/user initiates the connection to the cloud. The client can be any device such as a thin client, thick client, or mobile or any handheld device that would support basic functionalities to access a web application.  Layer 2 (Network Layer) This layer allows the users to connect to the cloud. The whole cloud infrastructure is dependent on this connection where the services are offered to the customers. This is primarily the Internet in the case of a public cloud. In the case of a private cloud, the connectivity may be provided by a local area network (LAN). This layer does not come under the purview of service-level agreements (SLAs), that is, SLAs do not take into account the Internet connection between the user and cloud for quality of service (QoS).  Layer 3 (Cloud Management Layer) This layer consists of softwares that are used in managing the cloud. The softwares can be a cloud operating system (OS), a software that acts as an interface between the data center (actual resources) and the user, or a management software that allows managing resources. These softwares usually allow :  Resource management (scheduling, provisioning, etc.)  Optimization (server consolidation, storage workload consolidation)  Internal cloud governance Layer 3 (Cloud Management Layer) This layer comes under the purview of SLAs, that is, the operations taking place in this layer would affect the SLAs that are being decided upon between the users and the service providers. These SLAs are for both private and public clouds  public cloud. Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft Azure  private cloud OpenStack and Eucalyptus allow Layer 4 (Hardware Resource Layer) Consists of provisions for actual hardware resources. In the case of a public cloud and private cloud a data center is used in the back end. This layer comes under the purview of SLAs and it is the most important layer that governs the SLAs  Anatomy of the Cloud Cloud anatomy can be simply defined as the structure of the cloud. Cloud anatomy cannot be considered the same as cloud architecture. It may not include any dependency on which or over which the technology works  structure of the cloud. 1. Application: The upper layer is the application layer. In this layer, any applications are executed. 2. Platform: This component consists of platforms that are responsible for the execution of the application. This platform is between the infrastructure and the application. 3. Infrastructure: The infrastructure consists of resources over which the other components work. This provides computational capability to the user. 4. Virtualization: Virtualization is the process of making logical components of resources over the existing physical resources. The logical components are isolated and independent, which form the infrastructure. 5. Physical hardware: The physical hardware is provided by server and storage units.  Network Connectivity in Cloud Computing Cloud computing is a technique of resource sharing where servers, storage, and other computing infrastructure in multiple locations are connected by networks.  Public Cloud Access Networking  Private Cloud Access Networking  Intracloud Networking for Public Cloud Services  Private Intracloud Networking  New Facets in Private Networks  Public Cloud Access Networking In this option, the connectivity is often through the Internet Accessing public cloud services will always create issues related to security solution of this issues:  virtual private networks (VPNs) This approaches toward the support of security is to promote connectivity through encrypted tunnels, so that the information may be sent via secure pipes on the Internet. This procedure will be an overhead in the connectivity, and using it will certainly increase delay and may impact performance.  routing method If we want to reduce the delay without compromising security, then we have to select a suitable routing method such as the one reducing the delay by minimizing transit hops in the end-to-end connectivity between the cloud provider and cloud consumer.  Private Cloud Access Networking In the private cloud deployment model, since the cloud is part of an organizational network, the technology and approaches are local to the in- house network structure This may include an Internet VPN or VPN service from a network operator. Intracloud Networking for Public Cloud Services Here, the resources of the cloud provider and thus the cloud service to the customer are based on the resources that are geographically apart from each other but still connected via the Internet. Public cloud computing networks are internal to the service provider and thus not visible to the user/customer; however, the security aspects of connectivity and the access mechanisms of the resources are important.  Private Intracloud Networking The most complicated issue for networking and connectivity in cloud computing is private intracloud networking. What makes this particular issue so complex?  it depends on how much intracloud connectivity is associated with the applications being executed in this environment. Once the resource linkage is made, the extent to which intracloud networking is used depends on whether the application is componentized based on service-oriented architecture (SOA) or not, among multiple systems.  Applications on the Cloud There are several types of applications: stand-alone application :  is developed to be run on a single system that does not use network for its functioning web applications  Unlike stand-alone applications, these systems were totally dependent on the network for its working.  shortcomings of web applications 1. The web application is not elastic and cannot handle very heavy loads, that is, it cannot serve highly varying loads. 2. The web application is not multitenant. 3. The web application does not provide a quantitative measurement of the services that are given to the users, though they can monitor the user. 4. The web applications are usually in one particular platform. 5. The web applications are not provided on a pay-as-you-go basis; thus, a particular service is given to the user for permanent or trial use and usually the timings of user access cannot be monitored. 6. Due to its nonelastic nature, peak load transactions cannot be handled.  Cloud Application To solve the web application problem, the cloud applications were developed. A cloud application is different from other applications; they have unique features. A cloud application usually can be accessed as a web application but its properties differ  Managing the Cloud Cloud management is aimed at efficiently managing the cloud so as to maintain the QoS. It is one of the prime jobs to be considered. The whole cloud is dependent on the way it is managed. Cloud management can be divided into two parts: 1. Managing the infrastructure of the cloud 2. Managing the cloud application  Managing the infrastructure of the cloud The infrastructure of the cloud is considered to be the backbone of the cloud. This component is mainly responsible for the QoS factor. If the infrastructure is not properly managed, then the whole cloud can fail and QoS would be adversely affected. Resource management involves several internal tasks such as :  Resource scheduling  Provisioning  Load balancing  Managing the cloud application Business companies are increasingly looking to move or build their corporate applications on cloud platforms to improve agility or to meet dynamic requirements that exist in the globalization of businesses and responsiveness to market demands. So, understanding the availability of an application requires inspecting the infrastructure, the services it consumes, and the upkeep of the application. The composite nature of cloud applications requires visibility into all the services to determine the overall availability and uptime.  Migrating Application to Cloud Cloud migration encompasses moving one or more enterprise applications and their IT environments from the traditional hosting type to the cloud environment, either public, private, or hybrid. Thank You