Asthma Part 2 PDF

Health Variations 4 NURS3015 Asthma- Part 2  Commonwealth of Australia Copyright Act 1968 WARNING This material has been reproduced and communicated to you by or on behalf of Western Sydney University u...

Health Variations 4 NURS3015 Asthma- Part 2  Commonwealth of Australia Copyright Act 1968 WARNING This material has been reproduced and communicated to you by or on behalf of Western Sydney University under Part VB of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act). The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further reproduction or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protection under the Act. Do not remove this notice. Asthma Definition Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by hyperresponsiveness and bronchospasm leading to airway limitation (obstruction) (Lewis’s Medical surgical nursing, 2017) In clinical practice, asthma is defined by the presence of both the following: excessive variation in lung function (‘variable airflow limitation’, i.e., variation in expiratory airflow that is greater than that seen in healthy people) respiratory symptoms (e.g., wheeze, shortness of breath, cough, chest tightness) that vary over time and may be present or absent at any point in time (Australian asthma handbook) Risk factors and triggers  Pathophysiology Allergen Dendritic cells Type 1 Hypersensitivity response CD4 TH2 helper cells Interleukin 4, 5 &13 Interleukin 5 Plasma Cells Eosinophils Immunoglobulin E (IgE) Mast Cells Cytokines and Leukotrienes degranulates Histamines Leukotrienes Prostaglandins Pathophysiology Pathophysiology MacDonald et.al., Understanding pathophysiology(2019) Pathophysiology Airway Hyper-responsiveness Bronchoconstriction Mucosal Edema  Clinical Features Asthma Handbook v1.3 References Craft, Judy, Gordon, Christopher J., Author, Huether, Sue E, McCance, Kathryn L, Author, and Rote, Neal S. Understanding Pathophysiology. 3e, Australian and New Zealand ed. 2019. Linton, Adrianne Dill, Matteson, Mary Ann. Medical-surgical Nursing. 7th ed. 2020. Lewis, Sharon Mantik, Lewis, Sharon L., Bucher, Linda, Harding, Mariann. Medical-surgical Nursing : Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems. 10th ed. 2017. Jameson, J. Larry, Fauci, Anthony S., Editor, Kasper, Dennis L., Loscalzo, Joseph, and Harrison, Tinsley Randolph. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 20th ed. 2018.