Art and Aesthetics: The Study of Beauty PDF

ART AND AESTHETICS: THE STUDY OF BEAUTY Art and Aesthetics: The Study of Beauty Jericho Villanueva, LPT. Lecturer Languages, Communication, and Humanities Department College of Arts and Sciences CONTENT 01 THE FIELD OF AESTHETICS 02...

ART AND AESTHETICS: THE STUDY OF BEAUTY Art and Aesthetics: The Study of Beauty Jericho Villanueva, LPT. Lecturer Languages, Communication, and Humanities Department College of Arts and Sciences CONTENT 01 THE FIELD OF AESTHETICS 02 AESTHETICS TERMS 03 HIERARCHY OF BEAUTY 04 THE FILIPINO AESTHETIC WORLDVIEW THE FIELD OF AESTHETICS What is Aesthetic?  AESTHETICS IS THE STUDY OF BEAUTY AND ART, FOCUSING ON SENSORY PERCEPTION AND THE NATURE OF BEAUTIFUL THINGS.  Etymology of the word “Aesthetic” THE TERM IS AESTHESIS (FROM THE GREEK "ΑἼΣΘΗΣΙΣ", AISTHĒSIS) THAT REFERS TO SENSATION OR PERCEPTION IN A GENERAL SENSE.  Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten (1714–1762) Was a German philosopher who is credited with coining the modern term "aesthetics". His work laid the foundation for aesthetics as a distinct branch of philosophy, particularly concerning the nature of beauty and art. The word “aesthetics” was first employed by Baumgarten to mean “the science of sensory perception.” Particularly, he used it to denote a realm of concrete knowledge, as distinct from the abstract where content is communicated in sensory forms.  Aesthetics is the philosophical study of art and natural beauty. Baumgarten (who coined the term "aesthetics") claimed that humans experience the world in two ways: logically and aesthetically. Logical: A factual understanding, like knowing that a thorn will hurt if it pricks you. Aesthetic: Enjoying beauty without focusing on practical consequences, like admiring a sunset or a piece of art. Things are considered beautiful when viewed aesthetically. Miller (2004)  Baumgarten chose the term "aesthetics" because artworks primarily engage sensory perception and low-level cognition. Carroll highlights the aesthetic definition of art, which suggests that the value of an artwork lies in its ability to provide aesthetic experiences. Good artworks: Successfully afford aesthetic experiences and fulfill their intended aesthetic goals. Bad artworks: Fail to provide meaningful aesthetic experiences. Carroll (1999) Bell argues that the foundation of any aesthetic theory must begin with personal experience and a "peculiar emotion" evoked by art. This emotional reaction is central to how we engage with and understand art. Clive Bell TWO WAYS OF CONSIDERING BEAUTY RELATIVE & ABSOLUTE  DIVISION OF AESTHETICS Theory of Beauty: Explains what makes something beautiful, focusing on qualities like harmony and emotional impact. Theory of Art: Defines what art is by exploring its purpose, creativity, and meaning. Theory of Art Criticism: Evaluates how good or bad a piece of art is based on technique, innovation, and expression. AESTHETIC TERMS  Logical Ethical Aesthetic AESTHETICS VALUES BEAUTIFUL UGLY Osborne's view: We use aesthetic value to rate works of art—some are seen as better or more beautiful than others. It also shows how society respects art and beauty, treating them as important compared to other hobbies or activities people enjoy. Carroll's idea: Art is valuable because it gives us an aesthetic experience—it makes us feel something, like beauty or emotion. AESTHETIC VALUES ACCORDING TO THE SENSES  SENSE SENSE DATA FORM OF ART Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, EYE Color, Shape, Size, Motion Dance, Drama EAR Sound Music, Drama NOSE Odor Perfume Making TONGUE Taste Cooking SKIN Texture, Shape, Size, Motion Sculpture, Lovemaking IMAGINATION Images Literature, Drama SENSE-DATA BEAUTIFUL UGLY SOUND Lovely Droll COLOR Picturesque Blur ODOR Fragrant Foul TASTE Delicious Pungent SHAPE Pretty Grotesque SIZE Cute Piquant TOUCH Pleasant Harsh MOTION Graceful Awkward IMAGE Fantastic Ridiculous FILIPINO SENSE OF BEAUTY THE COLORFUL IS BEAUTIFUL. COLORFUL DESIGN IN PHILIPPINE FOLK ART COLORFUL PHILIPPINE INDIGENOUS ART COLORFUL COSTUMES ACCESSORIES AND DECORATION PAHIYAS FESTIVAL, LUCBAN QUEZON SINULOG FESTIVAL, CEBU CITY KADAYAWAN FESTIVAL, DAVAO DINANGYANG FESTIVAL, ILOILO ATI-ATIHAN FESTIVAL, KALIBO AKLAN MASSKARA FESTIVAL, BACOLOD TINALAK FESTIVAL, SOUTH COTABATO  HORROR VACUI /ˌhôrər ˈvakyəwī/ "Horror vacui" is a Latin term meaning "fear of empty space." In art and design, it describes the tendency to fill every part of a surface with detail, leaving no blank areas. Filipinos love horror vacui—or filling up empty spaces—because it reflects their cultural love for detail, color, and celebration. Traditional Filipino arts, religious decorations, and festival aesthetics all embrace intricate designs, leaving no space bare. This style shows respect for craftsmanship, storytelling, and the vibrant spirit of Filipino culture. Alfonso Ossorio: Blood Lines, 1949-1953 Alfonso Ossorio, Beach Comber, 1953, Horror vacui - by street artist Bisser Gracia Doré Luévano Cebu artist Armand Dayoha: Art of resistance  OUT OF NOTHING by Morana Matković PRIMA MATERIA by Igor Grizetić SURREAL WORLDS OF PHANTASMAGORIC CHARACTERS by Renata Busatto Marina Gonzalez Eme – Spain Paint markers on canvas  Hierarchy of Beauty ? ? ? ? ? ?  A "Hierarchy of Beauty" describes the arrangement of aesthetic values, implying that certain types of beauty hold greater significance depending on cultural, philosophical, or personal perspectives. This hierarchy varies across different cultures and philosophies but typically includes multiple levels or facets that people consider when assessing beauty.  The concept of beauty is complex and has been explored since ancient times, particularly in how cultures shape our understanding of it. Western and Eastern artists, for example, often use distinct approaches to depict the visual world, both geometrically and metaphorically. People from different cultural and social backgrounds may experience the same visual displays in unique ways. These cultural differences influence what is considered beautiful and why. To fully understand aesthetic perception, we must see it as embedded within cultural contexts and influenced by social conditions. Simonneta Vespucci in the Venus Paintings by A Samburo Woman from Kenya, Africa Botticelli  Ariana Grande-Butera Dalagang Pilipina in Amorsolo’s Painting singer, songwriter, and actress  Simonneta Vespucci in the A Samburo Woman from Venus Paintings by Botticelli Kenya, Africa Dalagang Pilipina in Ariana Grande-Butera Amorsolo’s Painting singer, songwriter, and actress  SUBLIME PURELY DELIGHTS GRAND DELIGHTS AND AWES ELEGANT DELIGHTS AND IMPRESSES CHARMIING DELIGHTS AND ATTRACTS COMIC DELIGHTS AND ENTERTAINS TRAGIC DELIGHTS AND SADDEN TERRIBLE DELIGHTS AND FEARS  SCARY GLOOMS AND FEARS HORRIBLE GLOOMS AND SADDENS BIZARRE GLOOMS AND ENTERTAINS POIGNANT GLOOMS AND ATTRACTS PERVERSE GLOOMS AND IMPRESSES RUSTIC GLOOMS AND AWES PATHETIC PURELY GLOOMS the deliberate subversion of what is considered normal, good, or proper The Scream, 1893 by Edvard Munch Ivan the Terrible and His Son Ivan Painting by Ilya Repin Carcass of Beef, 1926 Chaim Soutine God Alone Knows Damien Hirst, 2007 Judith Slaying Holofernes Painting by Artemisia Gentileschi This little piggy went to market, this little piggy stayed at home Damien Hirst , (1996)  My Birth, 1932 by Frida Kahlo  After Death (Après la Mort) Théodore Géricault. 1818-1819  Anguish | August Friedrich Albrecht Schenck | 1878 Saturn Devouring His Son | Francisco de Goya | 1823  Laughing Fool | Possibly Jacob Cornelisz. Dante and Virgile | William Bouguereau | van Oostsanen | 1500 1850 Death and the Maiden | Hans Baldung | 1517 Ingres, The Odalisque with a Lute Player Ingres, The Grande Odalisque Mad Woman Sotein, 1922 Women in Red Sotein, 1922 Fresco painting in St. Charles's church in Vienna  Fruit Gatherer Fernando Amorsolo, 1950 Hope in the Ruins of Manila Fernando Amorsolo, 1945  Madonna of the Slums Vicente Manansala, 1950  Spoliarium Juan Luna, 1884  JAPANESE SENSE OF BEAUTY The small is beautiful. Sandai Shogun no Matsu Shunkaen Nursery Bonsai Trees  The smallest origami crane was made by Mr. Naito of Japan. He used a piece of paper that measured 0.1 X 0.1 mm square. He folded into a crane using a microscope.  THE FIRST RAIN OF SPRING SMELLS LIKE YOUR LOVER’S BODY ASLEEP IN YOUR BED COOL, CALM, REFRESHING FAST, SLOW, BUT ALWAYS MOVING, ALL AROUND THE WORLD.  君が代は Kimigayo wa 千代に八千代に Chiyo ni yachiyo ni さざれ（細）石の Sazare-ishi no いわお（巌）となりて Iwao to narite こけ（苔）の生すまで Koke no musu made May your reign Continue for a thousand, Eight thousand generations, Until the pebbles Grow into boulders Lush with moss  ZEN BUDDHISM AND MINIMALISM The cause of suffering in life is attachment to material things. The lesser the possessions, the lesser the suffering. So the secret to happiness is living a simple life  The Filipino Aesthetic Worldview The Filipino aesthetic worldview is shaped by a blend of indigenous, colonial, and modern influences, creating a unique and layered perspective on beauty, art, and values. WORLDVI EW LANGUA GE CULTU  WORLDVIE CULTUR W E LANGUA A way people look A system of Contains words GE at the universe symbols and that carries People’s picture of meanings people culture. the universe that use to organize lies deep in the their ideas which heart of culture they express through language LANGUAGE IS A HOUSE A PERSON LIVES IN  DIMENSIONS OF FILIPINO WORLDVIEW 1.Natural Dimension 6.Ethical Dimension 2.Biological Dimension 7.Moral Dimension 3.Communal 8.Aesthetic Dimension Dimension 9.Teleological 4.Social Dimension Dimension 5.Normative Dimension 10.Ideological Dimension  Natural Dimension: Filipinos love and respect nature—like the land, sea, and mountains—because it’s an important part of life and culture. Biological Dimension: Family is very important to Filipinos, and they feel a strong bond with relatives. Family health and family history matter to them. Communal Dimension: Filipinos value their communities, like neighborhoods and villages. They feel they belong and help each other.  Social Dimension: Filipinos show respect, especially to elders. They feel a responsibility to care for family and friends. Normative Dimension: Filipinos follow many customs and rules, like saying "po" and "opo" to show respect Ethical Dimension: Filipinos try to do what is right and kind, guided by values and often by their faith.  Moral Dimension: Filipinos make choices based on kindness and fairness, thinking about what’s good and right. Aesthetic Dimension: Filipinos enjoy beauty in art, dance, music, and food, celebrating their culture through festivals and colorful events. Teleological Dimension: Filipinos believe life has a purpose, like helping family, working hard, and following their faith. Ideological Dimension: Filipinos have beliefs about what’s fair and right for society, like democracy and national pride. ANALYSIS OF AESTHETIC TERMS ACCORDING TO FILIPINO ANTHROPOLOGY  Pagkataong Filipino and the COVAR Concepts of Labas and Loob Filipino Aesthetic Worldview JOCANO  AESTHETICS OF FILIPINO PERSONHOOD (ESTETIKA NG PAGKAKATAONG FILIPINO)  Ganda that is overwhelming Gorgeous display of ganda in Gorgeous display of appearance speech, action ganda in cosmetics, jewelry or attire Implies orderliness, neatness or fineness Masculine atrributes of Masculine atrributes of handsomeness handsomeness  Feminine attribute of being attractive Affectionate feminine attractive behavior and ways of speaking. Wholesomeness in appearance or act that draws the attention of perceiver. The charm of being gentle and docile  The form of beauty that glows Kinang, ningning, kintab and luningning all refer to glittering beauty Sparkling beauty, like enthusiasm or excitement  THANK LISTENING Jericho Villanueva, LPT. Lecturer Languages, Communication, and Humanities Department College of Arts and Sciences