Approach to Dizziness and Vertigo - PDF

APPROACH TO DIZZINESS AND VERTIGO PRESENTER: NIRAJ BISWAS 1ST YEAR RESIDENT INTERNAL MEDICINE CONTENTS DEFINITION CENTRAL VS PERIPHERL VERTIGO APPROACH MANUEVOURS /TESTS TREATMENT INTRODUCTION Dizziness- It is imprecise symptom used to describe variety of common...

APPROACH TO DIZZINESS AND VERTIGO PRESENTER: NIRAJ BISWAS 1ST YEAR RESIDENT INTERNAL MEDICINE CONTENTS DEFINITION CENTRAL VS PERIPHERL VERTIGO APPROACH MANUEVOURS /TESTS TREATMENT INTRODUCTION Dizziness- It is imprecise symptom used to describe variety of common sensations that include vertigo, lightheadedness, faintness and imbalance. Vertigo- Vertigo refers to a sense of spinning or other motion that may be physiological, occurring during or after a sustained head rotation, or pathological, due to vestibular dysfunction. Presyncope-Feeling of fainting and about to pass Syncope-It is transient, self limiting loss of consciousness due to acute global impairment of cerebral blood flow.  Lightheadedness- light-headedness is classically applied to presyncopal sensations resulting from brain hypoperfusion but as used by patients has little specificity, as it may also refer to other symptoms such as disequilibrium and imbalance. Disequilibrium-Unsteady feeling in lower extremities. PERIPHERAL CENTRAL 1.BPPV 1.Vestibular Migraine 2.Meniere’s Disease 2.Ischemic insult to Medulla and Cerebellum 3.Vestibulae neuritis 3.Vestibular Schwannoma 4.Drugs 4.Multiple sclerosis 5.Drugs  Features of Peripheral and Central Vertigo Acute prolonged vertigo(vestibular Neuritis) Due to a sudden asymmetry of inputs from the two labyrinths or in their central connections,simulating a continuous rotation of the head Constant vertigo,nausea, vomiting, oscillopsia (motion of the visual scene), and imbalance. BPPV(Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo): Caused by free-floating otoconia (calcium carbonate crystals) that have been dislodged from the utricular macula and have moved into one of the semicircular canals, usually the posterior canal. Recurrent vertigo,