Applied Physics Lecture 1 PDF

Applied Physics By Engr. Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal 1 8/4/2020  Applied Physics Applied physics is a branch of physics that focuses on the practical application of physical principles and theories to solve...

Applied Physics By Engr. Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal 1 8/4/2020  Applied Physics Applied physics is a branch of physics that focuses on the practical application of physical principles and theories to solve real-world problems and develop technologies. It bridges the gap between pure physics and engineering, often emphasizing experimental techniques and the development of new materials, devices, and systems. By Engr. Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal 10/22/2024 2 8/4/2020  Branches Of Applied Physics Mechanics: It deals with the study of forces and motion, exploring how objects move and interact with each other. Mechanics is fundamental to many applications in engineering, robotics, aerospace, and other fields. Condensed Matter Physics: Investigates the properties of solid and liquid matter, with applications in materials science, nanotechnology, and semiconductor physics. Optics: The study of light and its interactions with matter, leading to applications in lenses, lasers, and imaging technologies. Thermal Physics: Focuses on heat transfer, thermodynamics, and statistical mechanics, impacting engineering By fields such as HVAC and Engr. Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal energy systems. 10/22/2024 3 8/4/2020  Acoustics: The study of sound and its propagation, leading to applications in audio technology, noise control, and architectural design. Medical Physics: Applies physics concepts to medicine, including the development of imaging technologies (like MRI and X-ray) and radiation therapy for cancer treatment. Computational Physics: Uses numerical methods and simulations to solve complex physical problems, widely applied in research and engineering. By Engr. Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal 10/22/2024 4 8/4/2020  Plasma Physics: Studies ionized gases and their applications in nuclear fusion, space physics, and certain technologies like plasma displays. Biophysics: Combines principles of physics and biology to understand biological systems, contributing to medical technologies and biomaterials. Nanotechnology: Focuses on manipulating matter at the nanoscale, impacting materials science, electronics, and drug delivery systems. By Engr. Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal 10/22/2024 5 8/4/2020 Theory of Mechanics 6 Theory of Mechanics Theory of Machines, defined as the branch of Engineering-science, which deals with the study of relative motion between the various parts of a machine, and forces which act on them. 7  Branches of Mechanics Mechanic s By types By Motion of Body of Body Rigid Deformab Fluid Body le Body Mechanic Statics Dynamics Mechanic Mechanic s s s Kinematic Kinetics s 8 Branches of Mechanics Mechan ics By By types Motion of Body of Body Rigid Body Dynami Statics Mechan cs ics Kinema Kinetics tics 9  Branches of Mechanics Kinematics: deals with the relative motion between the various parts of the mechanical body. Kinetics: deals with the effects of forces upon the motions of material bodies Statics: deals with the forces and their effects while the mechanical body is at rest. Dynamics: deals with the forces and their effects, while acting upon the mechanical body in motion. 10  Unit The word unit as used in physics refers to the standard measure of a quantity. Mainly Divided into two categories 1. Fundamental Units 2. Derived Units 11  Fundamental Units Internationally accepted units measured for a physical quantity is known as Fundamental Units or SI Units. 12 Fundamental Units 13  Derived Units The units which are derived from the fundamental units are known as Derived Units. 14  System of Units A system of units is a set of related units that are used for calculations. The system includes base units, which represent base dimensions, and derived units, which represent products of powers of base dimensions. 15  Classification System of Units System of Units C.G.S F.P.S M.K.S S.I System System System system 16  C.G.S System of Units In this system, the fundamental units of length, mass and time are centimeter, gram and second respectively. The C.G.S. units are known as absolute units or physicist's units. 17  F.P.S System of Units In this system, the fundamental units of length, mass and time are foot, pound and second respectively. 18  M.K.S System of Units In this system, the fundamental units of length, mass and time are meter, kilogram and second respectively. The M.K.S. units are also known as gravitational units or engineer's units. 19  S.I System of Units The base units are the standard units of measurement defined by the International System of Units (SI) 20  S.I System of Units Some times Length, mass ant time is not measured in meters, kilograms and seconds, like length is measured in meters but for smallest or largest measurement we use convenient units, these convenient units are to add prefix in front of basic units. Below table shows the Prefix list. 21  Rules of SI Units 1. A dash is use to separate the units which multiply each other. For example, newton meter is written as N-m. 2. Plurals are never used in symbols. For example, meter or meters are written as m. 3. All units are written in small letters except the units start from the name. For example, N is for newton and W is for watt. 4. The units starts with scientist name should not starts with capital letters while using in full form. 22  Solved Problem Solved Problem 1.2: Evaluate each of the following and express with SI units having an appropriate prefix: a. (50 mN) (6 GN) b. (400 mm) c. 45 /900 Gg 23  Practice Problem Solved Problem 1.1:Represent each of the following combinations of units in the correct SI form: A. kN/µs B. Mg/mN C. MN/(kg.ms) Solution, a. b. c. 24  Practice Problem Solved Problem 1.2:Represent each of the following combinations of units in the correct SI form: A. (50mN) (6GN) B. (400mm) 25  Solved Problem Solved Problem 1.2: Solution: 26  Practice Problem Practice Problem 1.1:Represent each of the following quantity in correct SI units using an appropriate units, a. 0.000431 kg b. 3.53)N c. 0.00532 km. Practice Problem 1.2:Represent each of the following combinations of units in the correct SI form using an appropriate prefix, a. m/ms b. µkm c. Ks/mg d. Km*µm 27