Anxiety Disorders Tables PDF

1\. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) **Category** **Details** ---------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------...

1\. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) **Category** **Details** ---------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **Clinical Description** Excessive worry about various events; difficulty controlling worry; physical symptoms like muscle tension and sleep disturbances. **Diagnostic Criteria** A. Excessive anxiety for 6+ months; B. Difficulty controlling worry; C. 3+ associated symptoms (e.g., restlessness, fatigue); D. Clinically significant distress; E. Exclusion of substances/medical conditions; F. Exclusion of other mental disorders. **Prevalence** U.S.: 2.9% adults; 0.9% adolescents; higher in women; lifetime risk: 9%. **Development and Course** Onset typically around age 35; chronic with fluctuations; early onset linked to more comorbidity. **Risk Factors** Behavioral inhibition, negative affectivity, childhood adversities, genetic factors. **Treatment** Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), medications (e.g., SSRIs). **Differential Diagnosis** Distinguish from social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and other anxiety disorders. 2\. Panic Disorder **Category** **Details** ---------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **Clinical Description** Recurrent unexpected panic attacks; anxiety about future attacks. **Diagnostic Criteria** A. Recurrent unexpected panic attacks; B. Persistent concern about attacks; C. Behavioral changes; D. Exclusion of substances/medical conditions; E. Exclusion of other mental disorders. **Prevalence** U.S.: 2-3% adults/adolescents; higher in women; rare in children. **Development and Course** Median onset: 20-24 years; chronic with episodic severe symptoms. **Risk Factors** Negative affectivity, anxiety sensitivity, identifiable stressors, trauma history. **Treatment** Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), medications (e.g., SSRIs). **Differential Diagnosis** Distinguish from agoraphobia, specific phobia, and other anxiety disorders. 3\. Agoraphobia **Category** **Details** ---------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **Clinical Description** Fear of situations where escape might be difficult; often related to panic attacks. **Diagnostic Criteria** A. Marked fear/anxiety in 2+ situations; B. Fear of difficulty escaping; C. Situations provoke fear; D. Avoidance behavior; E. Fear disproportionate to actual danger; F. Duration: 6+ months; G. Clinically significant distress; H. Exclusion of other disorders. **Prevalence** Global: 1-1.7%; higher in women; peaks in late adolescence/early adulthood. **Development and Course** 30-50% cases preceded by panic disorder; chronic nature; higher recurrence risk if onset before age 20. **Risk Factors** Behavioral inhibition, negative affectivity, childhood adversities, genetic factors. **Treatment** Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). **Differential Diagnosis** Distinguish from specific phobia, separation anxiety disorder, and social anxiety disorder. 4\. Specific Phobia **Category** **Details** ---------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **Clinical Description** Intense fear of a specific object or situation that disrupts functioning. **Diagnostic Criteria** A. Marked fear/anxiety about a specific object/situation; B. Immediate fear provoked; C. Avoidance behavior; D. Fear disproportionate to actual danger; E. Persistent for 6+ months; F. Clinically significant distress; G. Exclusion of other disorders. **Prevalence** U.S.: 8-12%; higher in women; lower rates in older individuals. **Development and Course** Typically develops in childhood; may persist into adulthood. **Risk Factors** Negative affectivity, behavioral inhibition, environmental factors, genetic susceptibility. **Treatment** Psychological intervention: Exposure therapy. **Differential Diagnosis** Distinguish from agoraphobia, social anxiety disorder, and PTSD. 5\. Separation Anxiety Disorder **Category** **Details** ---------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **Clinical Description** Intense fear of being separated from attachment figures; common in children. **Diagnostic Criteria** A. Recurrent distress anticipating separation; B. Excessive worry about harm to attachment figures; C. Reluctance to go out; D. Duration: 4 weeks in children, 6 months in adults; E. Clinically significant distress; F. Exclusion of other disorders. **Prevalence** Children: 4%; adults: 0.9-1.9%; higher in women. **Development and Course** Onset typically in preschool; fluctuating course; may persist into adulthood. **Risk Factors** Life stress, parental factors, genetic factors. **Treatment** Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). **Differential Diagnosis** Distinguish from generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder. 6\. Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia) **Category** **Details** ---------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **Clinical Description** Fear of scrutiny in social situations; anxiety about negative evaluation. **Diagnostic Criteria** A. Fear/anxiety in social situations; B. Anticipates negative evaluation; C. Provocation of fear; D. Avoidance or endurance; E. Fear disproportionate to actual threat; F. Duration: 6+ months; G. Clinically significant distress; H. Exclusion of other disorders. **Prevalence** U.S.: \~7%; global: 0.5%-2.0%; higher in women. **Development and Course** Median onset: 13 years; often chronic; older adults may experience anxiety related to health. **Risk Factors** Behavioral inhibition, negative experiences, genetic influences. **Treatment** Cognitive therapy program. **Differential Diagnosis** Distinguish from agoraphobia, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder. 7\. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) **Category** **Details** ---------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **Clinical Description** Characterized by obsessions (intrusive thoughts) and compulsions (repetitive behaviors). **Diagnostic Criteria** A. Presence of obsessions and/or compulsions; B. Time-consuming (1+ hour/day); C. Clinically significant distress; D. Exclusion of substance effects and other disorders. **Prevalence** U.S.: \~1.2%; slightly more common in women; higher prevalence in childhood. **Development and Course** Mean age of onset: 19.5 years; chronic course; low remission rates without treatment. **Risk Factors** Internalizing symptoms, environmental factors, genetic factors. **Treatment** Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). **Differential Diagnosis** Distinguish from generalized anxiety disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder. 8\. Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) **Category** **Details** ---------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **Clinical Description** Intense preoccupation with perceived defects in appearance; often leads to distress. **Diagnostic Criteria** A. Preoccupation with appearance; B. Repetitive behaviors in response to concerns; C. Clinically significant distress; D. Exclusion of eating disorders. **Prevalence** U.S.: 2.4%; higher among dermatology and cosmetic surgery patients. **Development and Course** Mean age of onset: 16-17 years; chronic condition with potential for improvement. **Risk Factors** Childhood experiences, family history, genetic vulnerability. **Treatment** Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). **Differential Diagnosis** Distinguish from normal appearance concerns, eating disorders, and OCD. 9\. Hoarding Disorder **Category** **Details** -------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **Clinical Description** Excessive acquisition of items; difficulty discarding possessions; cluttered living conditions. **Diagnostic Criteria** A. Difficulty discarding