Antibiotic Slides PDF

 Viva Pool Questions Classify Antibiotics on basis of Mode of Action  Viva Pool Questions Classify Antibiotics on basis of Mode of Action Bactericidal: Penicillins,Cephalosporins,Aminoglycosides, Fluoroquinolones, Metron...

 Viva Pool Questions Classify Antibiotics on basis of Mode of Action  Viva Pool Questions Classify Antibiotics on basis of Mode of Action Bactericidal: Penicillins,Cephalosporins,Aminoglycosides, Fluoroquinolones, Metronidazole Bacteriostatic: Tetracyclines, Macrolides, Chloramphenicol, Sulfonamide  Viva Pool Questions How do bacteriostatic drugs work?  Viva Pool Questions How do bacteriostatic drugs work? Inhibition of Protein Synthesis Inhibition of Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibition of Metabolic Pathways  Viva Pool Questions Whole Classification of Antibiotics  Viva Pool Questions Whole Classification of Antibiotics 1. Beta Lactam Antibiotics: penicillins, Cephalosporins, Carbapenems, Monobactams 2. Inhibitors of Nucleic acid synthesis: fluroquinolones, rifampin 3. Protein Synthesis inhibitors: Tetracyclines, Macrolides, Aminoglycosides 4. Metabolic Pathway inhibitors: sulfonamides, trimethoprim  Viva Pool Questions Oral Drugs Given In Pregnancy  Viva Pool Questions Oral Drugs Given In Pregnancy Penicillins Cephalexins and Ceftriaxone Erythromycin Clindamycin  Viva Pool Questions Which Group do penicillins belong to and when are they given  Viva Pool Questions Which Group do penicillins belong to and when are they given Belongs to beta lactam Cell wall synthesis inhibitor Given in: Streptococcal infections, pneumococcal infections, and syphilis. Gram positive, gram negative (neiserria) spirochets Viva Pool Questions Penicillin classification ?  Viva Pool Questions Penicillin classification ? Narrow spectrum: Penicillinase susceptible ( penicillin G and V) Extended spectrum penicillin Penicillinase sensitive penicillins: Amoxicillin, ampicillin, piperacillin Penicillinase Resistant penicillins: nafcillin, oxacillin, Dicloxacillin  Viva Pool Questions Penicillin mechanism of action and adverse effect ?  Viva Pool Questions Penicillin mechanism of action and adverse effect ? MODE OF ACTION: 1. They bind to PBP in the cytoplasm membrane. 2. Inhibit the transpeptidation reaction. ADVERSE EFFECT: IgG Mediated Hemolysis,Interstitial nephritis, anaphylaxis  Viva Pool Questions What is significance of B Lactam Ring? What if it is destroyed?  Viva Pool Questions What is significance of B Lactam Ring? What if it is destroyed? The beta-lactam ring is important because it is structurally similar to the D-alanyl-D-alanine portion of the peptidoglycan cell wall in bacteria. This similarity allows beta-lactam antibiotics to bind to and inhibit the activity of PBPs and disrupt the formation of the bacterial cell wall. Its Destruction causes Bacterial resistance.  Viva Pool Questions How to increase activity of B Lactams  Viva Pool Questions How to increase activity of B Lactams? Beta lactams can be made more efficient by adding inhibitors of beta lactamases such as sulbactams, tazobactams or clavulanic acid. This will prevent bacteria from developing resistance against them.  Viva Pool Questions Vancomycin MOA, Indications, Side Effects?  Viva Pool Questions Vancomycin MOA, Indications, Side Effects? MODE OF ACTION: Same as beta lactams INDICATIONS: It is a narrow spectrum drug and is given in cases of serious drug resistance such as MRSA , or in combination with ceftriaxone for PRSP. Also a backup drug for C. difficile. SIDE EFFECTS: chills, fever, Phlebitis, Ototoxicity, Nephrotoxicity, Red Man syndrome in IV infusion.  Viva Pool Questions What is Red Man Syndrome? It is a hypersensitivity reaction that occurs in patients receiving vancomycin intravenously. Characterized by erythema or flushing of body due to the rapid release of histamine.  MCQS What does the term “antibiotics” mean: a) Non-organic or synthetic substances that selectively kill or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms b) Substances produced by some microorganisms and their synthetic analogues that selectively kill or inhibit the growth of another microorganisms c) Substances produced by some microorganisms and their synthetic analogues that inhibit the growth of organism cells d) Synthetic analogues of natural substances that kill protozoa and helminthes  MCQS What does the term “antibiotics” mean: a) Non-organic or synthetic substances that selectively kill or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms b) Substances produced by some microorganisms and their synthetic analogues that selectively kill or inhibit the growth of another microorganisms c) Substances produced by some microorganisms and their synthetic analogues that inhibit the growth of organism cells d) Synthetic analogues of natural substances that kill protozoa and helminthes  MCQS Bactericidal effect is: a) Inhibition of bacterial cell division b) Inhibition of young bacterial cell growth c) Destroying of bacterial cells d) Formation of bacterial L-form  MCQS Bactericidal effect is: a) Inhibition of bacterial cell division b) Inhibition of young bacterial cell growth c) Destroying of bacterial cells d) Formation of bacterial L-form