Animal Kingdom Class Notes PDF

Animal Kingdom Class Notes Go to the slideshow that should be on Brightspace and take notes on them for later studying that will be on tests in the future. Ask questions in the notes and then provide the answers as a fun twist this time. Digestive System Review ⇓ - Ingestion: The proce...

Animal Kingdom Class Notes Go to the slideshow that should be on Brightspace and take notes on them for later studying that will be on tests in the future. Ask questions in the notes and then provide the answers as a fun twist this time. Digestive System Review ⇓ - Ingestion: The process of taking food/nutrients into the body. - Digestion: Process of absorbing and breaking down the food. - Egestion: Elimination of unabsorbed waste materials Digestive Tract Notes ⇓ - Peristalsis:Basically a fancy term for saying that your digestive system has rhythmic contractions to move the food and keep it going. Meaning you can eat against gravity. - Sphincters: Rings of muscles that push that food forward and prevent backflow. Two Types of Digestion ⇓ - Mechanical: Chewing and Muscular movement, Emulsification [Which is basically using saliva as a lubricant and to increase hydration when chewing]. - Chemical: Breakdown of foods by a power protein called enzymes (produced by glands) Absorption in the Digestive System ⇓ - Lactiles help absorbs fats - Villi helps with increasing surface area for absorption - Capillaries are around each villi to absorb that nutrients - Located in the small intestine the villa are designed to absorb those nutrients into the bloodstream. The Mouth Physical and Chemical Digestion ⇓ - Physical Digestion: - Incisors- Cut food. Canines- Tear/Rip food. Molars-Grind food. Tongue- Moves Food. - Chemical Digestion: Saliva- Moistens food, Enzymes (Amylase) breaks down starch. The Stomach Physical and Chemical Digestion ⇓ - Physical Digestion: Storage and mixing of food. - Chemical Digestion: - Hydrochloric Acid breaks down fibrous tissue and kills bacteria. - 2 Liters of Gastric fluids are released by lining per day - Mucus protects the lining from the acidity - An Enzyme called Pepsin begins protein digestion. Large Intestine Purpose ⇓ - Concentrates material by absorbing water - Stores feces (MIxture of undigested and unabsorbed material, water and bacteria) - Bacteria produce vitamins. Bonus Notes & Facts ⇓ - Pharynx: Controls the passage of air to the trachea & lungs or the food to the esophagus - Liver: While the liver has many functions--- in the digestive system it mainly produces Bile which is an enzyme to help breakdown fats and other things for the small intestine. The liver is like your body's chemical factory - Gallbladder: The gallbladder stores the bile that the liver produces. The Sphincters lining squeezes it out of the gallbladder into the small intestine whenever there is fat that needs bile for digestion. - Pancreas: Produces a lot of the enzymes required to break down the fats, starches and sugars that we consume and procure the hormones to aid the in the digestion system as well. - Rectum: Stores the waste products while the anus is the sphincter that pushes it out.