Anatomy of a Volcano PDF

Volcanoes  Topics  Introduction to volcanoes  How volcanoes are formed?  Anatomy of a volcano  Greek MYTH  Volcano is from the Latin word vulcan  thought it was an entrance to the fiery underworld.  Volcano  A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust, which allows...

Volcanoes  Topics  Introduction to volcanoes  How volcanoes are formed?  Anatomy of a volcano  Greek MYTH  Volcano is from the Latin word vulcan  thought it was an entrance to the fiery underworld.  Volcano  A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust, which allows hot magma, ash and gases to escape from below the surface. Volcano Volcanoes are landforms on a planet that are either dormant, active or simply dead.  Ring of Fire!! An area in the pacific where volcanic and seismic activity is common. The Ring of Fire is filled with volcanoes both active and dormant. 90% of volcanoes are in the Ring of Fire which is band of volcanoes circling the Pacific Ocean  Where do volcanoes are formed ?  Most volcanoes are formed on land, but there are some volcanoes that are on the ocean floor.  Some of these volcanoes emerge from the water because they are very high.  Europe Asia North America South America Africa Australasia Map 1. The world patterns of volcanoes and earthquakes How volcanoes were formed? Magma 50-100 miles below the earth’s surface slowly begins to rise to the surface As the magma rises it melts gaps in the surrounding rock How volcanoes were formed? As more magma rises a large reservoir forms as close as 2 miles below the surface (magma chamber) How volcanoes were formed? Pressure from the surrounding rock causes the magma to blast or melt a conduit (channel) to the surface where magma erupts onto the surface through a vent (opening) How volcanoes were formed? The magma, now called lava, builds up at the vent forming a volcano Anatomy of a Volcano  Crater a bowl-shaped depression, or hollowed-out area, produced by the impact of a meteorite, volcanic activity, or an explosion  Cone  the above ground structure built from lava and/or tephra  caldera  an unusually large crater or the remains when the cone collapses into its own magma chamber  conduit  the path that magma takes from the magma chamber to the vent Magma chamber  the reservoir located under the volcano where magma collects and becomes the supply of magma/lava to build the volcano LAva  molten, liquid rock on the surface of the earth Parasitic cone  a smaller secondary volcano built on the side of or near the main volcano, but sharing the same conduit to the magma chamber Keremasi a dormant volcano with parasitic cone in the East African Rift in Tanzania fumarole  a secondary vent that emits only gases  fissure  a long fissure (crack) from which lava flows  vent  opening of the volcano, through which lava, ash and gases flow NEXT LESSON: TYPES OF VOLCANOES According to shape According to activity References mst9:1 3 https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-keremasi-a-dormant-volcano-with-parasitic-cone-in-the- east-african-47358872.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasitic_cone https://giphy.com/explore/talofa-lava https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/268527196510463602/ http://clipart-library.com/volcano-gif.html https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gif_Vulcano_fumaroles,_Italy,_2017.gif https://gfycat.com/betterunselfishcassowary https://topyaps.com/top-10-underwater-volcanoes/ https://www.basicplanet.com/mud-volcano/