Anatomy of Groin PDF

ANATOMY OF GROIN Moderator - Dr. Sachidananda N. Presenter - Hrithik Joshi (MBBS 2020) Inguinal region/groin is the junction the anterior abdominal wall and anterior aspect of the thigh. Clinically, the inguinal region includes the area along and around the inguinal ligament Importance : It...

ANATOMY OF GROIN Moderator - Dr. Sachidananda N. Presenter - Hrithik Joshi (MBBS 2020) Inguinal region/groin is the junction the anterior abdominal wall and anterior aspect of the thigh. Clinically, the inguinal region includes the area along and around the inguinal ligament Importance : It is the region where structures enter and exit the abdominal cavity thus are potential sites for herniation. Key structures - Inguinal ligament - Inguinal canal - Femoral canal Inguinal Ligament Thick, brous band Extent - ASIS to Pubic tubercle Lies beneath the fold of groin Formed by the lower free border of the external oblique aponeurosis, which is thickened and folded backward on itself fi  Extensions/Expansions 1. Lacunar/Gimbernat’s ligament 2. Pectineal Ligament/ Ligament of Cooper 3. Re ected part of Inguinal ligament 4. Ilioinguinal ligament fl Inguinal Canal Oblique, intermuscular passage about 4cm long lying above the medial half of the Inguinal ligament. Extent - from deep Inguinal ring to super cial Inguinal ring fi Contents of Inguinal canal In males : a)Spermatic cord; b)Ilioinguinal nerve In females : a)Round ligament of uterus; b)Ilioinguinal nerve Structures passing through the deep and super cial Inguinal rings fi INGUINAL TRIANGLE / HESSELBACH’S TRIANGLE Situated deep to the posterior wall of the Inguinal canal Boundaries - Medial - lower 5cm of the lateral border of rectus abdominis Lateral - inferior epigastric artery Inferior - medial half of Inguinal ligament  Inguinal Hernia Protrusion of abdominal viscera (e.g., loops of intestine) into the inguinal canal is termed inguinal hernia. Clinically it presents as a pear-shaped swelling above and medial to pubic tubercle, above the inguinal ligament. There are two types of inguinal hernias - direct and indirect. Femoral Sheath Funnel shaped fascial sheath enclosing upper 3.75 cm of femoral vessels Base - directed upwards towards the abdominal cavity Apex - merges with tunica adventitia of femoral vessels Anterior wall - formed by downward prolongation of fascia transversalis Posterior wall - formed by downward prolongation of fascia Lata Compartments Lateral compartment - femoral artery and genital branch of genitofemoral nerve Middle compartment - femoral vein Medial compartment - relatively empty and called Femoral canal. Contains lymph node of cloquet and brofatty tissue. fi  Femoral canal provides dead space for the expansion of femoral vein during increased venous return. Clinical correlation Femoral Hernia protrusion of abdominal contents through the femoral canal. Presents as a globular swelling in groin inferolateral to the pubic tubercle below the Inguinal ligament THANK YOU!!