American_English_file_4_Student Book.pdf

American Student Book Clive O xenden C hristina Latham -Koenig OXFORD  American English File Student Book...

American Student Book Clive O xenden C hristina Latham -Koenig OXFORD  American English File Student Book 4 Clive Oxenden Christina Latham-Koenig OXJFORD U N IV E R S IT Y PRESS Paul Seligson and Clive Oxenden are the original co-authors of English File 1 (pub. 1996) and English File 2 (pub. 1997).  Grammar Vocabulary Pronunciation 4 Q QandA review: question formation guessing meaning intonation, stress, and rhythm from context in questions 8 Q Do you believe it? auxiliary verbs; personality using a dictionary to check word stress; the... the...* comparatives intonation and sentence rhythm 12 Q You're the doctor! present perfect (simple and illness and treatment consonant and vowel sounds continuous) 16 C o llo q u ial English What does the future hold? 17 W ritin g An informal e-mail / letter 18 R e vie w s Check What do you remember? What can you do? 20 O National stereotypes: adjectives as nouns, clothes and fashion vowel sounds truth or myth? adjective order 24 Q Air travel: the inside story narrative tenses, past perfect continuous; air travel irregular past forms so/ such... that 28 Q Incredibly short stories adverbs and adverbial phrases confusing adverbs and word and sentence stress adverbial phrases 32 C o llo q uial E n g lish Flying high 33 W r it in g A short story 34 Review & Check What do you remember? What can you do? 36 Q Theoneplacea passive (all forms),/fMsc/df/iof..., crime and punishment the letter u burglar won't look he is thought to..., etc. 40 □ Stormy weather future perfect and future continuous weather vowel sounds 44 Q Taking a risk conditionals and future time clauses; expressions with M e sentence stress and rhythm likely and probably 48 Co llo q uial E n g lish High risk? 49 W ritin g Expressing your opinion 50 R e vie w s Check What do you remember? What can you do? 52 Q Would you get out alive? unreal conditionals feelings sentence rhythm 56 □ How 1trained my husband pastmodals; verbs often confused reduced form of have would rather, had better 60 Q Let your body do the verbs of the senses the body silent letters talking 64 C o llo q u ia l English Stage and screen 65 W ritin g An article 66 R e vie w s Check What do you remember? What can you do?  Grammar Vocabulary Pronunciation 68 Q The psychology of music gerunds and infinitives music ch and y 72 Q Counting sheep used to, be used to, get used to sleep linking words 76 Q Breaking news reporting verbs; the media word stress as 80 C o llo q u ia l English Music festivals 81 W ritin g Aformal letter 82 R e vie w s Check What do you remember? What can you do? 84 Q Speaking to the world articles collocation: word pairs sentence stress 88 Q Bright lights, big city uncountable, plural, and collective nouns; cities and towns word stress in multisyllable words have something done 92 G Eureka! quantifiers: all / every, etc. science changing stress in word families 96 C o llo q u ia l English Great cities 97 W ritin g A report 98 Review S Check What do you remember? What can you do? 100 □ 1wish you w ou ld n 't...! structures after wish -ed/ -ing adjectives and related sentence rhythm verbs; expressions with go 104 □ A test of honesty clauses of contrast and purpose; business and advertising changing stress in nouns and verbs whatever, whenever, etc 108 Q Tingo relative clauses prefixes word stress 112 C o llo q u ia l English Words 113 W ritin g "For and against" 114 R e v ie w s Check What do you remember? What can you do?  C review: question formation V guessing meaning from context P intonation, stress, and rhythm in questions 1 Q and A 1 GRAMMAR review: question formation a Complete the following questions with one or two question words Young star, old star or an auxiliary verb. Every week the newspaper The Guardian chooses people 1 How much do you earn? who have been in the news recently and publishes a short 2 Are you married? interview with them called Q&A. The questionnaire often 3 __________ have you been studying English? includes fairly personal questions. 4 __________ do you prefer, small towns or big cities? 5 __________ do you go to the theater in a year? Q&A N orah Jo n e s Norah lones was born 6 __________ tall are you? in New York and is the 7 __________ religion are you? daughter of the Indian sitar 8 __________ you want to have children? player and composer Ravi 9 __________ of music do you listen to? Shankar and the concert 10 __________ advice do you listen to most? promoter Sue Jones. Her 11 __________ you ever said “I love you” and not meant it? half-sister is the musician 12 __________ did you vote for in the last election? Anoushka Shankar. Norah is a singer-songwriter, and b Put an X next to the questions above that you wouldn’t ask a I her debut album, Come » person you don’t know very well. Are there any questions that you Away with Me, sold more would not even ask a good friend? W hich questions would you than 20 million copies expect to find in a magazine interview with a famous person? worldwide and won her c Read the two interviews. W hich question is...? five Grammy Awards. the most personal the most boring the most original 1 Where would you like to live? Barcelona. d Read the interviews again and write N (Norah) or L (Lionel). 2 What do you most dislike about your appearance? W ho...? I am too short. I am 5 feet, 1 inch (155 centimeters). 1 never has enough time for what he / she wants to do __ 3 Who would play you in the movie of your life? 2 has happy childhood memories ___ Maybe Christina Ricci. 3 avoids answering one of the questions __ 4 What's your favorite smell? 4 feels guilty about something __ Onion, garlic, and butter cooking in a pan. 5 probably doesn’t like waking up early s What's your favorite word? 6 is very proud of something __ "No." 7 says he / she is an insecure person ___ 6 Which living person do you most despise and why? 8 needs help in his / her daily life ___ No comment! 7 What single thing would improve the quality of your life? e In pairs, look at questions 8-12 in the Lionel Richie interview. Probably a housekeeper. Find an example o f... 8 Who would you invite to your dream dinner party? 1 a question where an auxiliary verb has been added to All my friends and Keith Richards - 1think he'd be great at a dinner party. make the question. 9 What's the worst job you've ever had? 2 a question where there is no auxiliary verb. A waitressing job where I had the breakfast shift. It wasn't the job 3 a question that ends with a preposition. that was so bad, just the hours. I had to go in at five in the morning. 4 a negative question. 10 If you could go back in time, where would you go? 5 a question where the usual subject + auxiliary verb order Summer camp in Michigan, age 14. has been inverted to make the question. 11 How do you relax? A hot bath. f O p.132 Grammar Bank 1A. Read the rules and do the exercises. 12 What keeps you awake at night? Music. A song will keep going around in my brain and keep me awake.  2 PRONUNCIATION intonation, stress, and rhythm in questions Using the right intonation or tone helps you sound friendly and interested when you speak English. Stressing the right words in a sentence helps you speak with a good rhythm. Intonation + stress = the music and rhythm of English. a '-1 Listen to questions 1-8. In which one does the speaker sound m ore friendly and interested? W rite a or b. 1 ___ 2 __ 3 ___ 4 ___ 5 ___ 6 ____ 7_ 8 ___ b 12 Listen and underline the stressed words in these questions. 1 What’s your favorite kind of music? 5 How long have you been 2 Have you ever been to a health club? living here? 3 How often do you go away on 6 What are you thinking about? Q&A Lionel Richie weekends? 7 Are you a vegetarian? Lionel Richie was born in Alabama, US. He 4 Do you know what’s on TV tonight? 8 What do you do to relax? became famous in the 1970s as lead singer with c Listen again and repeat the questions in b. Try to sound as friendly as The Commodores and then in the 1980s as a possible. Then ask each other the questions. solo singer. He is best remembered for songs like Three Times a Lady, All Night Long, and Say You (Say Me), for which he won an Oscar. 3 SPEAKING a Look at the answers other celebrities gave to some o f the questions in 1 What's your idea of perfect happiness? The Guardian interview series. In pairs, m atch the answers below to Sunday by the pool, no phone calls. som e o f the questions in the questionnaires on pages 4 and 5. 2 what's your earliest memory? Playing piano when I My first day at preschool. I was terrified. I'd Near the ocean, one day. was three. never seen that many children in my whole life. 3 What's your most treasured possession? My Oscar. 4 If you could edit your past, what would you change? The Commodores never did a farewell tour. We just broke up and disappeared, s What has been your most embarrassing moment? Donna Karan, fashion designer Harry Connick, Jr., musician and actor David Schwimmer, actor Furgelling the lyricb to my new single on a TVshow. 6 What words or phrases do you most overuse? "I'll call you back" or "I'll see you soon." 7 What's the most important lesson life has Lower taxes. taught you? Don't trust the smile, trust the actions. 8 What don't you like about your personality? I'm an egotistical maniac with an inferiority complex. 9 What makes you depressed? That there are 24 hours in a day and I need 36. 10 When did you last cry and why? At the funeral of Milan Williams of The Bruce Willis, actor Pamela Anderson, actress and model Donald Trump, real estate developer Commodores, n Who would you most like to say "I’m sorry" to? b Now choose six questions from the interviews to ask a partner. Ask only To my kids for not being there more. questions that you would be comfortable answering yourself. 12 What song would you like to be played at your funeral? All Night Long and Stevie Wonder's I Just Called to Say I Love You. d [ SPEED DATING SPEED DATING SPEED DATING SPEED DATING SPEED DATING SPEED DATING SPEED DATING SPEED DATINl Three minutes to get to know the love of your life 4 READING & VOCABULARY In recent years speed dating has become a D o you know what “speed dating” is? Read the first half o f the popular all around the world. article to check, or to find out how speed dating works. Journalist Anushka Asthana tried it out. Guessing meaning from context has always been a complicated in d in g a p a r t n e r When you are reading and you find a word or phrase you don’t know, try to guess the meaning from the context (the other words around it). Think also about what part of speech the unknown word is (e.g., F process. It is a ritual that has evolved over the centuries, from a man taking food to a prospective partner in the Stone Age to young couples having tea a verb, an adjective, etc.), whether it is similar to another English together in Victorian times (under the watchful eye of an word you know, or whether it is similar to a word in your language. unmarried aunt) to dancing in a club with deafening music If you still can’t figure out what the word or phrase means, either in the 21st century. ignore it and continue reading or use a good dictionary (or glossary But now busy men and women who don't have the time if there is one) to help you. for a slow, gentle courtship have a quicker way to find a partner: speed dating, where single people have exactly b Read the first half of the article again carefully. W ith a partner, three minutes to decide if the person they are talking say o r guess what the highlighted words and phrases m ean. T hen to could be Mr. or Ms. Right. The idea involves bringing check w ith G lossary 1. together people for an evening of frenzied, "quick-fire" dating. This is how it works. c Using your own words, answer questions 1-4 with a partner. 1 According to the writer, how did people use to get to know Small tables are placed in a line and the women sit down a prospective partner? at the one assigned to them. They stay at their table all 2 What kind of people is speed dating designed for? evening. The men take turns sitting next to each woman 3 Why does Adele Testani think three minutes is enough? and having a very quick conversation. After three minutes 4 Why do you think the journalist pretended to be a lawyer? a bell rings and, even if you are in mid-sentence, it is time for the man to move to the next table. If you like the person d Now read the second h alf o f the article on page 7 and find o u t... you have just spoken to, you put a check in the "yes" box 1 the advantages of speed dating (according to the participants). on a scorecard. If the other person chooses you too, this is 2 if the journalist thinks speed dating is a good idea. called a "match," and the organizers will send you the other person's e-mail address a couple of days later, and they will e Read the second half of the article again m ore carefully. W ith a be sent yours, too. partner, say or guess what the highlighted words and phrases mean. "Three minutes is enough time to talk to someone," says Adele Testani, who runs a speed dating company, "because you can get an idea of what a person is like in that time, and you can eliminate them if you see right away that they're not your type." One of the largest-ever speed dating evenings took place this week at the Hydro Bar, so I decided to go along and see what it was all about. I pretended to be a single 24- year-old lawyer... DATING SPEED DATING SPEED DATING SPEED DATING f Com plete G lossary 2 with the correct highlighted word or phrase. Use the base form o f the verbs. g Using your own words, answer questions 1-4 w ith a partner. 1 Why did the journalist feel a little uncomfortable at first? 2 What kind of men went to this speed dating evening? 3 What kind of signs did she make to the woman next to her? What for? 4 What kind of questions did she think worked best? h Do you think speed dating is a good way o f m eeting people? If you were looking for a partner, would you try it? W hat questions w ould you ask? 5 LISTENING a l-3 Listen to a radio program about speed dating. h en l a r r iv e d at the Hydro Bar, the women, who A m an and a w om an who have both tried it talk about W were wearing fashionable dresses and stylish suits, their experiences. How successful was it for them ? were giggling nervously as they each put on a b Listen again. T hen answer the questions with E (Emily), tag with a number on it. "Maybe my jeans are a bad idea," I A (Alex), or B (both). thought I chatted with other people while we waited. People I Who...? spoke to said they had doubled the number of dates they had 1 preferred to ask usual questions in a year with just one night of speed dating. The men included 2 was asked an unusual question □ a chef, a banker, a photographer, an engineer, a management 3 was asked the same question over and over □ consultant, and a novelist. They were just pleased they could 4 got fewer matches stop having to try to make small talk with strangers in bars. 5 had a disastrous date because he / she wasn’t feeling well "It's so hard to meet women. With speed dating you meet 20 or 30 single women in one night," said one man. "You 6 was invited on a date that never took place can't talk to women in salsa classes," said another. Matt, 28, 7 had a good date in spite of hearing bad news that day LJ said, "After doing this once I got several dates. There's a good 8 realized on a date that his / her first impression was wrong □ atmosphere; it's safe and it's really good. It's like being at a 9 says he / she isn’t planning to go speed dating again party with lots of single women." c Does hearing about Emily and Alex’s experiences m ake you Then it started. I made eye contact with the woman next to feel m ore or less positive about speed dating? me so we could compare our opinions of the men; we raised our eyebrows for a possibility, exchanged a smile if the man was good-looking, and made o grimacc if he made three 6 SPEAKING minutes feel like three hours. GET IT RIGHT reacting and asking for more information I thought it was boring just to ask questions like "What do W hen you ask someone a question and they answer, it is a newspaper you do?" or "Where are you from?" so I tried to think of more usual to show interest by saying expressions like Really?, Is interesting and imaginative questions to ask, like "If you could that right?, Yes, me too, Me neither, I know what you mean, be an animal, what animal would you be and why?" or by asking for more information, either with another question, e.g., And what happened then? or simply with a from In the end I checked six boxes. A couple of days later, I was question word, e.g., Why? When?, etc. Adapted told that four of the men had checked me, too. Four new dates. Pretty good for 66 minutes. a You are going to do “speed questioning” with other people in the class. Before you start, think o f five questions to ask. G lo ssa ry 2 1________________ a sm all piece of paper, m etal, plastic, b W hen your teacher says “Start,” you have three m inutes to talk or cloth w ith a nam e o r som e identification on it to the person next to you. Ask and answer each o th er’s 2________________ a n ex p ressio n on y o u r face th at questions and ask for m ore inform ation. W hen the teacher sh o w s y ou are in p ain says “Change,” stop and go and talk to another student. 3________________ lau g h in a silly w ay b ecau se you are am u sed o r n erv o u s c W hich questions were the best for finding out about 4________________ m o v e th e lin e o f h a ir above y o u r o ther students? eye u p w ard s 5________________ p o lite co nversation about u n im p o rtan t things 6________________ talk in a friendly, inform al w ay  G auxiliary verbs; the... the... + comparatives V personality P using a dictionary to check word stress; intonation and sentence rhythm 1 Do you believe it? 1 READING & SPEAKING What your s i g f l d t U V e says about you Your signature is the part of your handwriting that says the most about your personality. It is common for your a Look at the signatures. Can you signature to change during your life, as your signature reflects how you evolve as a person. It is also common identify any of the people? to have several signatures, for example, a more formal signature (first and last name) when you sign a credit card or passport and an informal signature (just your first name) when you sign a birthday card. Your formal signature A signature usually contains either a first name and a last name, or initials and a last name, or, less frequently, a first name and initials. Your first name represents your private or family self, and your last name represents your public self —how you are socially and at work. If your first name is more prominent in your signature, this implies that you have positive feelings about your childhood and that your “private” self is more important to you than your “public” self. If your last name is more prominent, this means that your “public” self is more important to you. The more space there is between your first and last name, the more you wish to keep your public and private self separate. If you use only initials, either for your first or last name in your signature, this means that you are more secretivc about this part of your personality (your private or public persona). Legibility A legible signature, with names that can he clearly read, implies that you are a person with clear ideas and objectives. The more illegible your signature is, the less assertive you are as a person, and the more you tend to avoid conflict. Angle Most signatures are horizontal, rising, or descending. A rising signature means that you are the kind of person who, when faced with problems, will work to overcome them. Usually optimistic, you are in control and ambitious. A descending signature means that you have a tendency to get depressed and give up when faced with problems and lack self-confidence. Some people’s signatures go through a temporary phase when they go down, which shows that they are going through a hard time or an illness. A horizontal signature suggests an emotionally stable person who is well-balanced and generally satisfied with the way their life is going. Size If the letters in your signature are bigger than the letters in the rest of the text you have written, that means that you arc self-confident and have a high opinion of yourself Some people actually sign in capital letters, which suggests they are arrogant rather than self-confident. People whose signature is smaller than the rest of the text may be insecure and have low self-esteem. Read the first paragraph of an extract from a book about graphology. On a piece of paper, write the sentence I look forward to hearing from you, and then sign your name under the sentence. Now read the rest o f the extract and answer the questions. According to the extract, which of the people A -F...? 1 has / had no separation between their public and 4 is / was probably rather arrogant private self, and is / was not very assertive 5 keeps / kept their public and private life separate, is / was 2 is / was more identified with their public self, ambitious, and has / had positive feelings about their optimistic, and ambitious childhood 3 is / was more identified with their private self, 6 is / was secretive about their private life, and keeps / kept it and without much self-confidence very separate from their public life Try to guess the m eaning of the highlighted words and phrases from the context. Check with your dictionary or the teacher. Now look at your p artners piece of paper with his / her signature, and explain what it means. Did you agree with your partner’s interpretation? Do you think graphology is a serious science? W hy (not)? 2 VOCABULARY personality 4 S P E A K IN G a W ithout looking at the text, how m any o f the ten highlighted adjectives / phrases can you remember? GET IT RIGHT paraphrasing If you don’t know the exact adjective you need, b O P-146 Vocabulary Bank Personality. use a phrase like She’s the kind of person who..., He tends to... c Add either a suffix (e.g., -able or -fu l) o r a prefix (e.g., un- or dis-) or b oth to the b o ld words to m ake an adjective that fits i k Remember the third person s. the sentence. 1 You can invite him to the party, but he won’t go. He’s totally Talk in small groups. W here you can, give unsociable. social examples of people you know or have known. 2 You’ll have a lively evening if Jane comes because she’s v ery___________ talk 3 You can’t trust John to help. He’s completely _____________ rely 4 You look very ________ Have you had some good news? cheer 5 He’s kind o f ______ He said he liked my sister, but he obviously doesn’t, sincere 6 She’s not v ery ___________ She never has any good ideas, im agine 7 People say he’s _. You can’t trust him with money, honest 8 She’s s o _______.! She never calls when she’s going What kind of person makes...? to be late, consider a bad roommate a bad traveling companion 3 PR O N U N C IA T IO N using a dictionary to check a bad boss word stress a good teacher a good friend In a dictionary, word stress is shown by this mark (') before the a good politician stressed syllable, e.g., begin /bi'gin/. Some words, especially compound words, have a primary (or main stress) and a secondary stress, e.g., good-looking /.gud'lukir)/. Secondary stress is shown by a MINI GRAMMAR low stress mark (,). It is not as strong as primary stress. the... the... + comparatives The more illegible your signature is, the less a Use the phonetics to underline the main stressed syllable. assertive you are as a person. 1 arrogant /'oeragant/ 7 possessive /ps'zssiv/ Use the + comparative adjective or adverb to show 2 assertive /a'sartiv/ 8 loyal /'loiol/ that one thing depends on another, for example: 3 irritable /'irotobl/ 9 s t u b b o r n / 's t A b a r n / The sooner you do it, the easier it'll be. = How easy it 4 creative /kri'eitiv/ 10 impatient /im 'peijnt/ will be depends on when you do it. 5 considerate /ksn'sidorot/ 11 u n s o c i a b l e /. A n 's o o j a b l / The colder it is, the more clothes you need to wear. 6 conscientious /.kanJYenJos/ 12 immature /.im a'tju r/ Rewrite the sentences using th e... th e... + a b 14 Listen and check. Are the negative prefixes stressed? com parative adjective or adverb. Are the suffixes stressed? 1 If you study more, you learn more. The , the c Practice saying the sentences below. 2 If we leave soon, we’ll get there earlier. 1 He’s terribly irritable - you need to be careful with him. The , the __________. 2 She’s so conscientious - she always does her best in everything. 3 If you are sociable, you have more friends. 3 He’s very easygoing - he never gets stressed. The ______________,the 4 His mother’s really possessive - she doesn’t want him to get married. 4 If you are happy, you are nicer to other people. 5 She’s so immature - she behaves like a child. The ,the 5 i-s SO N G J 3 You gotta be ca 9 6 LISTENING & READING a Read the beginning of a magazine article. Do you know what a psychic is? Do you believe psychics Can psychics have special powers or are you skeptical? b You’re now going to listen to Jane describing her visit see the future. to a psychic, Sally. After each part, discuss the Jane Dickson investigates. questions with a partner. I am almost the only person I know who has never been to a psychic. Part 1 16 Everyone I asked had a story about how key events in their lives had Answer the questions. been predicted in some way. So I was really looking forward to my 1 What was Jane’s first impression of the room and first visit to a psychic... of Sally? 2 What are the first questions Sally asked her? 3 Why is Jane surprised by two things Sally mentions? Part 2 1-7 True or False? 1 Jane lived in Ireland when she was a child. 2 The psychic says Jane will meet someone new. 3 Jane is above average height. 4 Sally thinks Jane will be attracted to the man by his looks. 5 Jane thinks she knows who the man is. Part 3 '-8 Choose a, b, or c. 1 Sally says that, in the future, Jane___ a will have the same health problems as her mother b will live longer than her mother c should have plastic surgery 2 According to Sally, is good at reading and writing, a neither Jane’s son nor her daughter b neither Jane’s ex-husband nor her daughter c neither Jane’s ex-husband nor her son 3 What Sally says about Jane’s children makes Jane feel___ a convinced that Sally is a genuine psychic b less skeptical about Sally being a psychic c sure that Sally is not a genuine psychic c Read about some typical techniques used by psychics. Match the titles with the paragraphs. Tricks of the trade? These are some of the techniques used by psychic A Getting inform ation from the client mething psychics always do is say something that's true of almost anyone B Using a name on the planet, preferably something positive. An all-time favorite is "You're C The flattering statem ent intelligent with a great sense of humor." Who is going to answer, "Well, D Identifying common medical problems actually, I'm not. I'm really stupid and have no sense of humor at all"? d Listen to Jane talking about h er visit again. tatistics confirm that a headache is the most common female health W hich techniques did Sally use? problem, and almost 50 percent of men have a scar on their leg, so it's not really surprising when a psychic "sees" these problems. e '-9 Now listen to Jane talking a few weeks later. W hat was her final opinion about Sally’s R psychic can deduce a lot from your age and appearance, and most of them psychic abilities? W hat has happened since she ask direct questions. It's difficult to avoid answering if you want results because went to see Sally? saying nothing is like going to the doctor and refusing to discuss your symptoms. f Do you know anyone who has ever been to a ifeoming up with a few names is always impressive. The usual method is to li psychic? W hat happened? the client figure out who it might be. "Does the letter s mean anything to you?" is a frequent strategy.  7 GRAMMAR auxiliary verbs a Look at some extracts from the listening. Circle the correct auxiliary verb. “Australia is very important in your life.” “It lis / isn’t / was? I’ve never been to Australia.” “Another place that is very important in your life is Ireland.” “Yes, that’s true. Ireland2is / does / has play a big role in my life." “Let’s see... Your mother suffers from headaches,3doesn't / isn’t / does she?” “Yes, she 4is / does / has, as a matter of fact.” “Well, you’ll need to watch out for headaches, and so 5is / does / will your mother.” b i-io Listen and check. Underline the auxiliaries that are stressed. c In pairs, decide which auxiliary is used... A as a short answer. B] B to add emphasis. □ C to check information. D to show surprise. □ E to avoid repeating a verb or phrase. D d O p.132 Grammar Bank 1B. Read the rules and do the exercises. 8 PRONUNCIATION intonation and sentence rhythm a Listen to the conversation and circle the auxiliary verbs that are stressed. A W hat’s your sister like? B Well, she’s kind of shy and quiet. A She is? So is my brother! B Isn’t your brother a doctor? A That’s right. And your sister works in a bank, doesn’t she? B No, she doesn’t. She’s a journalist. A Oh, that’s right, you did tell me, but I forgot. I think they’d probably get along well. B You do? But if my sister doesn’t talk much and neither does your brother... A Yeah, I see what you mean. We probably shouldn’t introduce them. b Listen and repeat the conversation, copying the intonation and rhythm. Then practice it in pairs. c I-'2 Listen and respond to the sentences you hear with an echo question, for example, You are? You didn’t ?, etc. Use a rising intonation. d Com plete the sentences on the left so that they are true for you. T hen read them to your partner, who will respond with an echo question and then say w hether he / she is the sam e as you or different. I’m not very good at (activity) You aren’t? Neither am I. / 1 am. I’m very _______. (adjective) You are? So am I. / I’m not. I hate ______(a food) You do? So do I. / 1 don’t. I like it. I don’t ____very often, (verb) Don’t you? I’ve been to. (town / country) My favorite season i s ____________ e O Communication You're psychic, aren't you ?A p.H 6 B p.119. Make guesses about your partner and then check if they are true. *£ a m HI vL1 I IF  G present perfect (simple and continuous) V illness and treatment P consonant and vowel sounds You're the doctor! 1 SPEAKING & VOCABULARY illness and treatment 2 PRONUNCIATION consonant and a Read about the two situations and try to figure out the vowel sounds m eaning o f the highlighted words. T hen decide which you th in k is the correct answer for each situation. The phonetic symbols in a dictionary help you check the pronunciation of words that have an irregular sound-spelling relationship. You’re the doc! a 1)3 Use the phonetic symbols to help you pronounce these words. T hen listen and check. 1 cough /kof/ 4 bruise /bruz/ 2 heart /h art/ 5 blood /bl/\d/ 3 asthma / ‘aszma/ 6 diarrhea /.dara’ria/ bHow do you pronounce the sounds below? Write the words from the list in the correct column. ache allergy ankle bandage checkup choking GP infection injection pressure rash specialist stomach temperature unconscious You're at home with some friends watching a game on TV. In the excitement, one of your friends suddenly starts having a nosebleed. D O Y O U...? a get some ice from the freezer and put it on his nose b get some toilet paper, tell him to put it in his nose, and suggest that he go to the doctor to check his blood pressure c tell him to pinch the soft part of his nose for five minutes c 1-14 Listen and check. Practice saying the words. d © p.160 Sound Bank. Look at the typical spellings for these sounds. e Ask and answer the questions below with a partner. 1 What are the main symptoms of...? a a cold You're having a barbecue with some friends on the beach. b the flu One of your friends accidentally picks up a very hot piece of wood c a twisted ankle and bums her hand. It hurts a lot, and she has blisters on her skin. d a heart attack D O Y O U...? e an allergic reaction a pour cold water on the hand and then cover it with a plastic bag f food poisoning b cover the burn with sunscreen 2 What should you do if you have the illnesses or c break the blisters and put on antiseptic cream injuries above? b © Communication You're the doc! p.116. Check your answers, c © p.147 Vocabulary Bank Illness and treatment.  3 READING & LISTENING b Take turns telling each other your story. Explain... 1 what the situation was. a You are going to read an article about two people who 2 what the person who was giving first aid did. found themselves involved in life or death situations. Work in pairs. A read the first article and B read the second. c Discuss w hether you th in k they did the right thing or not. d '-is 1.16 Now listen to what happened next and answer the questions. Help! My friend is choking! 1 What happened to Mrs. Johnson in the end? Did the presenter do the right thing? Mrs. Johnson, a library assistant, was having dinner 2 What happened to Peter in the end? Did his w ith friends in a restaurant. mother do the right thing? They were all having steak, and Mrs. Johnson had just 4 SPEAKIN G swallowed a piece of meat w hen she suddenly found G ET IT R IG H T keep going! that she couldn’t breathe. Her Even when you know a lot of vocabulary connected friends hit her hard on the with a topic, you may find that you don’t know the back, but the piece of steak exact word or phrase for what you want to say If remained stuck in her throat. this happens, don’t freeze! Paraphrase (use other She was starting to panic. One words to say what you mean) and keep going! of her friends shouted out desperately, “Excuse can anyone help my friend? She’s choking.” At Useful language table in the restaurant, a famous TV What I mean is... talk show presenter saw what was I can’t remember / 1 don’t know the word, but it’s... happening and rushed over to try to She had a sort o f I kind of... help. She stood behind Mrs. Johnson and put her arms around her waist, and then pulled hard inward and Talk to a partner. upw ard three tim e s... Have you ever had to give first aid? —* YES The day my little boy o who? W hy? swallowed a tomato “Look at me, Mom,” giggled my three-year-old son. I could hardly understand him because his mouth was full of cherry to give you first aid? tomatoes. He had taken them out of the refrigerator while I was making lunch. “Oh, Peter, don’t be silly,” I laughed. That was a big mistake. Peter tried to laugh too, and as he did, one of the tomatoes got stuck in his throat. He tried to cough, but nothing happened. He was choking. I hit Peter on the back, but the tomato d idn’t move. Peter began to turn blue. a newspaper I ran outside, screaming for help, but the street was completely deserted. I was desperate. I put my whole from hand in his mouth and What do you think you should do if...? Adapted pushed my fingers as far as a someone is stung by a bee I could down his throat... b someone loses consciousness a c someone accidentally takes too many painkillers 5 GRAMMAR present perfect (simple and continuous) a Check what you know: present perfect / simple past. Right (V ) or wrong (X )? Correct the wrong highlighted phrases. 1 A Have you ever had an operation? 4 A Why did you get up so early this morning? B Yes, I’ve broken my leg two years ago. B Because I have gone to bed early last night. 2 A How long was your uncle in the hospital? 5 They were married for 50 years! Today is B Since last Tuesday. He’s coming home tomorrow. their anniversary. 3 You haven’t taken your medicine yet. 6 I know my doctor for ten years. She’s very good. Any problems? O Workbook p.l 1 b '-,7 New grammar. Read the jokes and use your instinct to cross out the wrong form (present perfect simple or continuous). Listen and check. Patient Doctor, my son has swallowed / has been swallowing my pen. What should I do? D octor Use a pencil until I get there. D octor You look exhausted! Patient Yes. I've run / I’ve been running after a cat. D octor After a cat? Patient Yes, doctor. I think I’m a dog. D octor I see. How long has this gone on / has this been going on? Patient Since I was a little puppy. D octor OK. Just lie down here on the couch, and we’ll talk about it. Patient I can’t! D octor Why not? Patient I’m not allowed on the furniture. Patient Have they sent / Have they been sending you the results of my tests yet? D octor Yes. The news isn’t good, I’m afraid. Patient How long do I have to live, doctor? D octor Ten... Patient Ten WHAT? Months? Weeks? Doctor Nine, eight, seven, six... c © p.132 Grammar Bank 1C. Read the rules and do the exercises. d In pairs, use the prom pts to ask and answer the questions. Is there anything you could do to improve your health? 1 / drink enough water? How many glasses / drink today? 2 / get any physical exercise? What kind? How long / do it? 3 / eat a lot of fruits and vegetables? How many servings / have today? 4 / walk to school/work? How far / walk today? 5 / smoke? How long / smoke? How many cigarettes / have today? 6 / take any vitamins right now? How long / take them? 7 How many hours / sleep a night? / sleep well recently? 8 / allergic anything? / ever have a serious allergic reaction? D 6 READING Get stressed, stay young a W hat symptoms do people have when they feel stressed? For decades doctors have warned us about the dangers of stress and have given us advice about b W hich three o f these things do you think are the m ost how to cut down our stress levels. Everyone agrees stressful? N um ber them 1-3 (1 = the m ost stressful) and that long-term stress, such as having to take care com pare with a partner. of someone with a chronic illness, or stressful □ Packing for a trip at the last minute. situations where there is nothing we can do, □ Being stuck in a traffic jam when you have an appointment such as being stuck in a traffic jam, is bad for □ Writing a report for your boss when you don’t have much our health and should be avoided whenever time to finish it. possible. However, some medical experts □ Running for a bus or train. now believe that certain kinds of stress □ Taking care of a family member who has a chronic illness. may actually be good for us. □ Shopping on your lunch break. Dr. Marios Kyriazis, an anti-aging expert, claims that □ Programing a DVD player using the instruction manual. what he calls "good stress" is beneficial to our health and may, in fact, help us stay young and attractive and c Read the article once quickly. Then put a check (✓) next to the even live longer. Dr. Kyriazis says that "good stress" activities above that are bad for your health. W hat does the can strengthen our natural defenses, which protect us article say about the others? from illnesses common among older people, such as Alzheimer's, arthritis, and heart problems. He believes d Read the article again m ore slowly. Circle the correct main that "good stress" can increase the production of the idea for each paragraph. proteins that help repair the body's cells, including 1 a Being in traffic jams is bad for our health. brain cells. b Some people think that not all kinds of stress are bad for us. According to Dr. Kyriazis, running for a bus or having c Doctors don’t agree on how we can reduce our levels of stress. to work to a deadline are examples of "good stress," 2 a Young people suffer more from stress than older people. that is, situations with short-term, low, b Alzheimer’s is one of the illnesses many old people suffer from, or moderate stress. The stress usually c Good stress can stop us from getting sick. makes us react quickly and efficiently, 3 a Situations that produce good stress are always short-term, and gives us a sense of achievement - b Some stress can make our cells stronger. we did it! However, in both these c Too much protein can make us sick. situations, the stress damages the cells 4 a We need some stress to exercise our cells’ self-repair mechanism, in our body or brain, and they start to b Getting physical exercise makes us feel less stressed. break down. But then the cells' own repair mechanism "switches on" and produces c Packing your suitcase in a hurry is an example of good stress. proteins that repair the damaged cells e C om plete the sentences using words from the article. and remove harmful chemicals that can 1 When we try to do less of something, we try to c ________ gradually cause disease. In fact, the body's d __________(paragraph 1) response is greater than needed to repair 2 An illness that you have for a very long time is called a the damage, so it actually makes the cells c_________ illness. (1) stronger than they were before. Something that is good for us is b _________ (2) "As the body gets older, this self-repair mechanism of the The verb to make something stronger is s __________(2) cells starts to slow down," says Dr. Kyriazis. "The Our bodies are made up of millions of c ___ (2 ) best way to keep the process working efficiently When we treat our bodies badly, we d _____ them. (3) is to 'exercise' it, in the same way you would Another word for illness is d __________(3) exercise your muscles to keep them strong. This means having a certain amount of stress 8 Something that is bad for us is h - (3) in our lives." Other stressful activities that 9 Exercising helps make our m _________ bigger and stronger. (4) Kyriazis recommends as good stress include Use your dictionary to check the pronunciation of the words in e. ' redecorating a room in your house over a weekend, packing your suitcase in a hurry g Discuss these questions w ith a partner. to reach the airport on time, shopping for 1 Do you agree with what you have read in this article? Why (not)? a dinner party during your lunch break, or 2 What kinds of “good stress” do you have in your life? programing your DVD player by following 3 What other health stories have you heard about recently? the instruction manual. a m Do you pay much attention to them? Do you believe them? So next time your boss tells you that from she wants to see that report finished and on O P-157 Phrasal verbs in context File 1. Adapted her desk in 45 minutes, don't panic; just think of it as "good stress," which will have benefits for your long-term health! O  1 What does the future hold? C o l l o q u ia l E n g l is h THE INTERVIEW □ You are going to listen to an interview with Joyce Levine, an astrologer. Before you listen, read the glossary and look at how the words are pronounced to help you understand what she says. G lo ssa ry body of knowledge /'b ad i ov n a lid y a large co llectio n o f inform ation rapport /ra'pDr/ a frien d ly re la tio n sh ip betw een peo p le counseling /'kaonsolnj/ professional ad v ice given to p eo p le w ith problem s birth chart /bsrO ifarl/ a diagram that sh o w s the position o f th e p lan ets w h e n a p erso n w as born temperament /'t3m pram ant/ th e em otional sid e of a p e rso n ’s character range /'re m d y th e lim its w ith in w h ic h things can vary d 1-2® Listen and com plete the phrases. W hat do you fate /fen / th e p o w er th at is b eliev ed to control ev ery th in g that h ap p e n s think they mean? free will /fri w il/ th e p o w er to m ake y o u r ow n choices b 1-,B Listen to part 1. Answer the questions with a partner. COMMON PHRASES 1 What does an astrologer need to know about the planets? 1... you have to know the meanings of the planets 2 What are some of the skills an astrologer should have? ___________of how they affect human nature. 3 What does Joyce do when someone comes to see her? 2... what we do is go over what that means. 4 What kinds of things does an astrologer learn about people 3 The clients I have really are a ___________ of people... from their birth charts? 4 “You might want to spend more time with your mother,” 5 How much can a persons birth chart tell about their future? or that. 5 Ideally, I wouldn’t scare them, but they’d g e t. c '-,9 Listen to part 2. Answer the questions with a partner. 6 O f course, y o u ___________ it! What does she say a b o u t...? 1 why people come to see her 2 the kinds of people who go to see her e Listen to the interview again with the audioscript on 3 the questions businesses want answered page 121. W ould you like Joyce Levine to do your 4 how she warns people about bad news birth chart? W hy (not)? 5 predicting her own future ON THE STREET □ 3 reads their own horoscope almost every day 1.21 4 thinks star signs influence people only when they read Listen to five people talking about horoscopes. about them too often W rite the n um ber o f the speakers next to their star 5 thinks that people and places have more influence than sign. W ho believes that star signs can definitely influence star signs som eone’s personality? c 1-22 Listen and com plete the phrases with one word. W hat do you think they mean? COMMON PHRASES 1 I think it’s what y o u _____into it. pv Duey Dennis Fern Curt Tiffany 2 I do every once in a _____... Aries /'eriz/ Leo/'liou/ Sagittarius /sa ^ a 'tsria s/ 3... probably where you grow up and the people you talk Taurus /'tores/ Virgo /'vargoo/ Capricorn /'kseprikam/ to have a bigger influence on how y o u out. pv Gemini /^ e m a n a i/ Libra/'libra/ Aquarius /a'kwerias/ 4... I don’t go out of m y every day to find my Cancer/'kaensar/ Scorpio /'skorpioo/ Pisces/'paisiz/ horoscope and read i t... 5 However, they might apply to several other people a s ___ b Listen again and write the nam e o f the person. W ho...? 1 doesn’t like to admit they really believe in astrology d Listen to the interviews again with the audioscript on page 2 learned something about astrology while studying 122. T hen answ er the sam e questions with a partner. another subject  An informal e-mail / letter W ritin g n If you are writing an informal e-mail, it is usual to start with Hi. c You’re going to answer C hris’s e-mail. Look If you are writing an informal letter, you should start with Dear. at the Useful language expressions and try to complete them. a Read the e-mail from Chris. It has 12 mistakes: four gram m ar, four punctuation, and four spelling mistakes. W ith a partner, Useful language correct the mistakes. Opening expressions Thanks 1 your e-mail / letter. b Read Chris’s e-mail again and find phrases that m ean... It was great2______ hear from you. I haven’t written or called. Sorry fo r3 writing earlier / that I haven’t I’ve been reading and replying to my e-mails. been in touch for a while. Say hello to your family from me. 14 you and your family are well. 0 0 0 New Message CD Responding to news O o Now underline the stressed words 5 The driver couldn’t see where he was going because... hard in each sentence. Listen and check. 6 The Chinese man couldn’t understand the other Practice saying the sentences. man because... incredibly 1 There was a lot of traffic, and unfortunately we arrived extremely late. VOCABULARY confusing adverbs and adverbial phrases 2 We definitely want to go abroad this summer, ideally somewhere hot. Match each pair o f adverbs with a pair of sentences. 3 It’s incredibly easy - even a child right now / actually El in the end / at the end □ could do it! especially / specially □ late / lately □ 4 I thought he was Portuguese, but ever / even □ near / nearly □ actually he’s Brazilian. hard / hardly □ still / yet □ 5 You said they’d already gone, but apparently they’re still here. Adverb 6 I absolutely love Italian food, 1 a Her Spanish isn’t very good. She can say anything, especially pizza. b He works very - at least ten hours a day. 2 a My boss always arrives for meetings. b We haven’t seen Mary. She’s been very busy. 4 WRITING 3 a of the concert, everybody applauded. a You are going to write a m ini saga. b I didn’t want to go, but they persuaded me. 4 a I love all sports, but basketball. Your story m ust be exactly 50 words (not b All her clothes are made for her in Paris. including the title) and you m ust include 5 a She looks younger than me, but she’s two years older, at least two adverbs. C ontracted forms b He’s unemployed , but he’s looking for a job. (e.g., I’d ) count as one word. First, choose 6 a It’s stopped raining. We’ll be able to leave soon, one o f the titles below. b Does your boyfriend live here? A summer romance Revenge is sweet 7 a Have you found an apartm ent ? The lie Never again b No, we’re looking. 8 a Have you been to Texas? b T hink of a plot. Then write a first draft b I’ve been all over the US - I’ve been to Alaska! without worrying about the num ber of words. b Now decide which adverb goes where and write it in the adverb c N ow count the words an d then try to cut column. Com pare with a partner, and say what you think the difference or add w ords until the story is the right is between the two adverbs. length. W rite your final version. c Cover the adverb column and look only at sentences 1-8. Try to d Read tw o o th er students’ stories. remember the adverbs. W hich do you like best? O ! 29 5 SPEAKING O Communication Reading habits p.117. 6 READING & LISTENING Little Brother Reading for pleasure by Bruce Holland Rogers When you read a longer text, e.g., a short story, you usually don’t read Peter had wanted a Little Brother™ for three Christmases in a row. His favorite TV once quickly for gist and then read it commercials were the ones that showed just how much fun he would have teaching again. You read, perhaps at a slightly Little Brother'1* to do all the things that he could already do himself. But every year, slower speed, and keep going, focusing Mommy had said that Peter wasn't ready for a Little Brother™. Until this year. on following the story. It is also especially This year when Peter ran into the living room, there sat Little Brother™ among all the important to try to guess words from wrapped presents, babbling baby talk, smiling his happy smile, and patting one of the context. Look up a word while you are packages with his fat little hand. Peter was so excited that he ran up and gave Little reading only if it’s holding you up or Brother™ a big hug around the neck. That was how he found out about the button. you really want to know what it means. Peter's hand pushed against something cold on Little Brother's neck, and suddenly Looking up words frequently may get in Little Brother™ wasn't babbling anymore, or even sitting up. Suddenly, Little Brother™ the way of your enjoyment. However, it was limp on the floor, as lifeless as any ordinary doll. can help to pause from time to time and look back, just to check you are clear about what is happening. 2.11 1 What kind of toy is Little Brother™? What does the ™ mean? a Read and listen to a short story. Answer 2 What do you think “babbling” means? the questions 1-13 in pairs. 3 What happened when Peter hugged Little Brother™? Mommy picked up Little Brother™, sat him in her lap, and pressed the black button at the back of his neck. Little Brother's face came alive, and it wrinkled up as if he Glossary were about to cry, but Mommy bounced him on her knee and told him what a good in a row /ro o / o n e after th e other boy he was. He didn't cry after all. wrapped (up) covered w ith p ap er pat h it ligh tly w ith y o u r h an d "Little Brother™ isn't like your other toys, Peter," Mommy said. "You have to be extra limp not firm or strong careful with him, as if he were a real baby." lap th e to p part o f y o u r legs th at form s a flat She put Little Brother™ down on the floor, and he took tottering baby steps toward su rface w h e n you are sitting d ow n Peter. "Why don't you let him help open your other presents?" bounce m ove (sb o r sth) u p an d d o w n. e.g.. a ball tottering w alk in g like a baby, nearly falling over So that's what Peter did. He showed Little Brother11' how to tear the paper and open tear /ter/ (tore, tom) to dam age s th by p u llin g it the boxes. The other toys were a fire engine, some talking books, a wagon, and lots ap art, e.g.. pap er, clo th and lots of wooden blocks. The fire engine was the second-best present. It had lights, keep up pv to m ove at the sam e sp e ed as sb o r sth a siren, and hoses just like the real thing. There weren't as many presents as last stacked up p laced one on top of an o th e r year, Mommy explained, because Little Brother™ was expensive. That was okay. Little swat /s w a t/ h it, (esp. an insect) u sin g y o u r h a n d Brother™ was the best present ever! Well, that's what Peter thought at first. howl /h a u l/ m ake a long loud cry, like a dog or w olf calm down pv becom e quiet an d calm 2.12 wad into balls /w a d / m ake (e.g., paper) in to tight b alls 4 I low did Peter’s mother stop Little Brother™ from crying? let drop allo w sth to fall 5 What do you think “wrinkled up” means? 6 What does the last line make you think? iD At first, everything that Little Brother™ did was funny and wonderful. Peter put all the torn wrapping paper in the wagon, and Little Brother'" took it out again and threw it on the floor. Peter started to read a talking book, and Little Brother™ came and turned the pages too fast for the book to keep up. But then, while Mommy went to the kitchen to cook breakfast, Peter tried to show Little Brother™ how to build a very tall tower out of blocks. Little Brother™ wasn't interested in seeing a really tall tower. Every time Peter had a few blocks stacked up, Little Brother™ swatted the tower with his hand and laughed. Peter laughed, too, for the first time, and the second. But then he said, "Now watch this time. I'm going to make it really big." But Little Brother™ didn't watch. The tower was only a few blocks tall when he knocked it down. "No!" Peter said. He grabbed hold of Little Brother,M's arm. "Don't!" Little Brother's face wrinkled. He was getting ready to cry. Peter looked toward the kitchen and let go. "Don't cry," he said. "Look, I'm building another one! Watch me build it!" Little Brother™ watched. Then he knocked the tower down. Peter had an idea. 2.13 7 What funny things did Little Brother™ do at first? 8 What do you think “grabbed hold o f” means? 9 What do you think Peters idea was? When Mommy came into the living room again, Peter had built a tower that was taller than he was, the best tower he had ever made. "Look!" he said. But Mommy didn't even look at the tower. "Peter!" She picked up Little Brother™, put him on her lap, and pressed the button to turn him back on. As soon as he was on, Little Brother™ started to scream. His face turned red. "I didn't mean to!" 2.15 Listen to the end of the story. In pairs, "Peter, I told you! He's not like your other toys. When you turn him off, he can’t move, but he can still see and hear. He can still feel. And it scares him." discuss what you think happened. "I le was knocking down my blocks." 1 What did Peter do to Little Brother™ after he broke the fire engine? "Babies do things like that," Mommy said. "That's what it's like to have a baby brother." 2 How did his mother react? Little Brother™ howled. 3 What did Peter threaten to do? "He's mine," Peter said too quietly for Mommy to hear. But when Little Brother™ had 4 How did Peter’s mother punish calmed down, Mommy put him back on the floor, and Peter let him toddle over and him for his behavior? knock down the tower. c Listen again with the audioscript Mommy told Peter to clean up the wrapping paper, and she went back into the on page 123. W ere you right? kitchen. Peter had already picked up the wrapping paper once, and she hadn't said thank you. She hadn't even noticed. d Do you think Little Brother™ or Peter wadded the paper into angry balls and threw them one at a time into the Little Sister™ may exist in the future? wagon until it was almost full. That's when Little Brother™ broke the fire engine. W hy do you think people might want Peter turned just in time to see him lift the engine up over his head and let it drop. to have them? O p.157 Phrasal verbs in context File 2. 2.14 > 10 Why didn’t Peter’s mother even look at the tower? 11 What makes Little Brother™ a different kind of toy? 12 Why did Peter feel annoyed with his mother? 13 What do you think is going to happen next? O 2 ^ \ Flying high C o l l o q u ia l E n g l is h THE INTERVIEW □ a You are going to listen to an interview with Heidi Evans, a flight attendant with JetBlue Airways. Before you listen, read the glossary and look at how the words are pronounced to help you understand what she says. G lo ssa ry safety drill /'scifti dril/ p ractice for an em ergency CPR / ,si pi 'a r/ c a rd io p u lm o n a ry resu scitatio n , a p ro c e d u re u sed to rescu e an u n c o n sc io u s p erso n by b reath in g a ir in to th e m o u th an d pressing on th e ch est defibrillator /difibro’leitor/ a dev ice th at gives e lectric sh o c k s to so m e o n e’s h eart to m ake it beat again after a h eart attack cranky /'k n eg k i/ b ad -tem p ered go the extra mile to m ake a sp ecial effort to ach iev e sth after you have alread y m ad e a g reat effort take a toll to h av e a very bad effect red-eye flight /'redat flait/ late night or o v ernight flight sleep in /slip in/ to sle ep late in th e m orning clenching their fists sq u e ezin g th e ir clo sed h an d s tightly d 2.18 Listen and com plete the phrases. W hat do you think they mean? b 2.16 Listen to part 1. Answer the questions with a partner. 1 Why did Heidi apply for a job as a flight attendant? COMMON PHRASES 2 What are some of the things she learned during training? 1 We learn how t o _____ with many different situations... 3 What kind of person makes a good flight attendant? 2... someone who i s _____ to work with other people. 4 What are the good sides of being a flight attendant? 3 You____________ travel for free... 5 What are the bad sides? 4 It takes a toll on your body, so y o u ____________ sleep the rest of the day when you get home. c ' 2.17 Listen to part 2. Answer the questions with a partner. 5 And a t ____________ he got on the phone with the What does she say a b o u t...? ground people to make an emergency landing. 1 what to do before you go on a long flight 6 Everyone worked together, nobody got hurt, thankfully, 2 what to do during a long flight and th a t___________. 3 how she deals with passengers who are afraid of flying 4 how to identify passengers who are scared e Listen to the interview again with the audioscript on page 123. 5 a time when she smelled smoke in the cabin Does Heidi make her job sound attractive to you? Why? ON THE STREET □ b Listen again. W ho...? 1 sometimes feels sick on a plane a 2.19 Listen to four people talking about air travel. 2 was once terrified during a flight M atch the speakers to what they m ost dislike about air 3 thinks its exciting to fly travel. W hich speakers are afraid o f flying? 4 experienced an overnight delay c 2.20 Listen and com plete the phrases. W hat do you think they mean? COMMON PHRASES 1 Taking off and landing is sometimes a little nerve-wracking, Shelly Sophie Tiffany Juan but , fine. 2... off the top of m y that’s pretty hard. I don’t know. landing 3 I can’t think of anything... turbulence 4 And here I am, the big guy, the oldest in the family, waiting in long lines crying m y out. feeling bored □ d Listen to the interviews again with the audioscript on page 123.