AFA Unit 2.1 Agricultural Crop Production PDF

Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Lesson 1 Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment Table of Contents Introduction...

Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Lesson 1 Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment Table of Contents Introduction 1 Learning Competencies 2 What to Harvest 2 Starting Out 2 Essential Question 4 Dig In 5 Agricultural Tools 5 Hand Tools 7 Implements 9 Equipment 12 Farming Fluency 14 Think about It 15 Green and Marine Nuggets 15 Try It Yourself 16 Try It Yourself 16 Try It Yourself 16 Proficiency Checkpoint 17 Impactful AFA: Real-Life Engagement 18 Wrap-Up 18 Self-Assessment 19 Reflection 20 Attributions 21 References 22 Answer Key 23 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Lesson 1 Agricultural Tool, Implements, and Equipment Different agricultural tools and implements Introduction Agriculture holds immense significance in our daily lives. It serves as a primary source of food and livelihood for numerous Filipinos. This lesson will explore the different agricultural tools, implements, and equipment. Knowing about these tools is important as it helps to make informed choices in agriculture, promoting sustainability and efficiency. Understanding them also fosters an appreciation for the hard work behind food production and supports the livelihoods of those in the industry. Have you ever wondered about the cultivation of the food on your table and the instrumental tools that make it all possible? 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 1 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Learning Competencies At the end of this lesson, you should be able to do the following: Differentiate agricultural tools, implements, and equipment. Identify different tools and equipment used in agriculture. What to Harvest At the end of this lesson, you should be able to do the following: Identify various agricultural tools, implements, and equipment. Differentiate agricultural tools, implements, and equipment. Demonstrate an understanding of the functions of agricultural tools and equipment. Starting Out Agricultural Tool Match-Up 10 mins 21st Century Icons Legend Information, Media, and Technology Skills Communication Skills Learning and Innovation Skills Life and Career Skills Materials notebook pen and paper 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 2 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Instructions 1. Assess your knowledge of agricultural tools. 2. Match the picture of the tool to its use by connecting the dots. Tools Uses cutting grass or grain crops used for removing weeds and harvesting root crops to break up soil and remove weeds ideal for digging and cutting through for harvesting crops or cutting grass 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 3 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Guide Questions 1. Which tool was the easiest to identify, and why? 2. How did the tools' uses help you match them? 3. How has the process of matching agricultural tools to their uses deepened your understanding of the essential equipment involved in farming? 4. What insights have you gained about the intricacies of agricultural practices? Essential Question How do the various tools, implements, and equipment shape how agriculture is practiced in the Philippines, and why is it important to understand their functions and uses? 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 4 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Dig In Agriculture is important in the Philippine economy and culture. It is a field that combines tradition with innovation, shaping daily lives. This lesson will discuss agricultural tools, implements, and equipment. These are not just mere instruments; they are the backbone of farming. They are vital for various agricultural processes, from the hand-held tools used in small gardens to the heavy machinery dominating vast fields. Each piece has a unique role in how agriculture is practiced. Understanding these tools is important for appreciating the complex work behind our agricultural system and recognizing their impact on both small-scale and large-scale farming. Agricultural Tools Agricultural tools are the most basic yet indispensable elements in farming. These are usually hand-held and are fundamental for performing diverse tasks in the field. Let us break down the various types and their specific purposes. Figure 1. Vegetables in wheelbarrow 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 5 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Hand tools Hand tools refer to tools that are manually used and do not require any power source other than human effort. They are typically small, portable, and simple in design. They are common in small-scale farming and gardening, where extensive mechanization is not practical and necessary. Hand tools are characterized by their ease of use, affordability, and adaptability to diverse farming conditions. Figure 2. A seeder attached to a tractor Implements Implements in agriculture are tools or devices combined with a power source, often attached to a tractor or animal. These implements are larger and more complex than hand tools. They are designed to perform labor-intensive tasks in larger areas. Farm implements significantly increase productivity and efficiency in farming operations, especially in medium to large-scale farming. 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 6 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Figure 3. Tractor in the field Equipment Equipment in agriculture refers to complex machines that are often motorized and designed to perform specific agricultural tasks. This category includes various machinery, from tractors and combine harvesters to irrigation systems and pesticide sprayers. Agricultural equipment is characterized by its ability to perform tasks that would be time-consuming or practically impossible to do manually or with simple tools and implements. Hand Tools These are the common agricultural hand tools used by a farmer, a gardener, or an individual who enjoys farming. 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 7 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Table 1. Common hand tools in agriculture Hand Tools hoe: used for shaping soil, removing weeds, shovel: a tool spade: similar rake: used for spading fork: a and harvesting for digging, to a shovel but collecting primary tool for root crops lifting, and with a flat leaves, debris, raised bed moving soil blade, ideal for and leveling gardening to digging and soil blend soils and cutting compost through scythe: a tool sickle: a hand pruning shears: with a long, hand-held garden fork: cultivator: a used for cutting curved blade agricultural tool with tines used for and trimming for cutting tool with a or prongs to loosening, lifting, plants and small grass or grain curved blade break up soil branches crops for harvesting and turning over and remove crops or soil weeds cutting grass 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 8 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 watering can: hedge shears: hand trowel: wheelbarrow: for manual maintaining soil pH used for used for watering of straight-edged tester: a tool digging and transporting plants hedges and for testing the moving small loads of soil, great for acidity or amounts of compost, or cutting long, alkalinity of soil harvest straight lines soil Implements Agricultural implements are important tools that bridge the gap between hand-held tools and heavy machinery in farming. Table 2. Examples of Farm Implements 1. Plows Plows are one of the most traditional and vital agricultural implements. They are used for initial soil breaking and turning over the first layer of the soil. This method brings fresh nutrients to the surface while burying weeds and crop residues. 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 9 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 2. Cultivators Cultivators are used for stirring and pulverizing the soil, it can be done before planting to aerate the soil or after the crop has begun growing to kill weeds. They vary in size and advanced features, from simple hand-held models to larger, tractor-drawn versions. 3. Harrow It is used after plowing; harrows break up and smooth the soil surface, preparing it for seeding. They also help to remove weeds and cover the seeds after sowing. It also varies in size and type. 4. Seed drills These implements plant seeds at the correct depth and spacing, ensuring better germination and growth of the plants. Seed drills improve sowing efficiency and greatly increase the chances of a good harvest compared to manual sowing. 5. Threshers Threshers are used to separate grains from their stalks and husks. They significantly speed up the grain harvesting process and reduce the labor required for manual threshing. 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 10 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 6. Sprayers They are used for applying pesticides and fertilizers. Sprayers ensure that these substances are evenly distributed across the crops, which helps in effectively controlling pests and diseases and the optimal growth of the crops. 7. Baler A baler compresses and binds hay, straw, or other crop residues into compact bales for easier handling, transportation, and storage. Balers are essential in managing crop residues after harvest. 8. Rotary tiller A rotary tiller uses rotating blades to turn over the soil, effectively mixing compost, fertilizer, or other amendments. This tool is ideal for preparing garden beds and small fields for planting. 9. Bedder A bedder shapes the soil into raised rows or beds, creating an ideal planting environment for crops, especially vegetables. Raised beds offer improved drainage and soil conditions. 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 11 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 10. Manure spreader This agricultural implement evenly distributes manure across a field. It is an effective way to recycle nutrients back into the soil and improve soil fertility. Equipment Specialized equipment is important for making farming more efficient and productive. These machines are designed for specific tasks and are a key feature of modern, large-scale agriculture, helping farmers streamline processes and achieve better results. Table 3. Commonly used equipment in agriculture 1. Mower It is used for cutting grass, weeds, and small plants to maintain fields, lawns, and other green spaces. They vary in size from small push mowers to large tractor-mounted models. 2. Tractors Tractors are the workhorses of modern agriculture. They are versatile machines used for various tasks, including plowing, tilling, and pulling heavy equipment. With attachments like loaders or backhoes, tractors can also be used for non-plowing tasks such as lifting and transporting materials. 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 12 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 3. Drip irrigation system This system supplies water directly to the roots through a network of tubes and emitters. Drip irrigation is efficient, conserves water, and reduces the growth of weeds by minimizing surface water. 4. Grain cart This wheeled container is used to transport harvested grains from the field to the storage or processing area. It is typically towed by a tractor and is essential for efficiently handling the harvest. 5. Combine harvesters These are advanced machines designed to efficiently harvest crops such as wheat, rice, and corn. This performs three functions – reaping, threshing, and winnowing – in a single operation, highly reducing the time and labor needed for harvesting. 6. GPS and sensor-based equipment Modern agricultural equipment incorporates GPS technology and sensors. This technology allows for precision farming – optimizing field-level management. 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 13 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 7. Backhoe loader A versatile piece of equipment that combines a backhoe for digging or trenching with a loader for lifting and moving materials. This machine is widely used in agriculture and construction for various tasks. 8. Skid steer loader A small, agile machine capable of various tasks, from loading materials to excavation and site preparation. Its compact size makes it ideal for operations in confined spaces. Specialized agricultural equipment is integral to modern farming practices. It represents the culmination of technological advancements in agriculture. It offers solutions for large-scale farming and addresses challenges such as labor shortages and the need for high efficiency. Farming Fluency mechanization: refers to using machinery and equipment to automate various farming processes, replacing manual labor. pH: in the context of soil, pH is a measure of how acidic or alkaline the soil is on a scale of 0 to 14 tillage: refers to the agricultural practice of preparing the soil for planting by digging, stirring, and overturning it, his can include plowing, harrowing, and cultivating aeration: is the process of puncturing holes in the ground so air, water, and nutrients can get in more easily bale: a large bundle or package prepared for shipping, storage, or sale, especially one tightly compressed 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 14 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Think about It How does using modern agricultural equipment like tractors and combine harvesters impact traditional farming practices and local communities in the Philippines? Green and Marine Nuggets Agricultural innovation is not just about machinery and technology. In the Philippines, the traditional practice of "bayanihan" plays a significant role in agriculture. "Bayanihan" refers to the spirit of communal unity and cooperation. During harvest time, communities often come together to help each other, showcasing a blend of social tradition and agricultural practice. This communal effort not only eases the workload but also strengthens community bonds. 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 15 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Try It Yourself Instruction: Give the correct answer. What is the primary function of a plow in agriculture? Try It Yourself Instruction: Answer the question in three to five sentences. If you were to plant seeds in a large field, which agricultural implement would be most suitable to ensure uniformity in planting and why? Try It Yourself Instruction: Answer the question in three to five sentences. Evaluate the potential environmental impacts of replacing traditional farming tools with modern agricultural equipment in a small rural community. 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 16 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Proficiency Checkpoint I. True or False. Write true if the statement is correct. If it is not, write false. _________________ 1. A hoe is typically used for harvesting crops. _________________ 2. Seed drills ensure uniformity in planting, which is important for optimal crop growth. _________________ 3. A grain cart is used for transporting water across the farm. _________________ 4. Rotary tillers are used for mixing compost or fertilizer into the soil. _________________ 5. Skid steer loaders are large machines used for heavy tasks like loading and excavation. II. Categorization. Categorize the following as a tool, implement, or equipment. _______________________ 6. combine harvester _______________________ 7. rotary tiller _______________________ 8. hand cultivator _______________________ 9. seed drill _______________________ 10. soil ph tester 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 17 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Impactful AFA: Real-Life Engagement Understanding agricultural tools, implements, and equipment empowers you to contribute to environmental awareness, protection, and conservation. You can participate in community garden projects, tree planting advocacy, or local agriculture programs. By learning about sustainable farming practices and the efficient use of resources in agriculture, you can advocate and participate in environmentally friendly farming initiatives. This knowledge also allows you to understand and support governmental efforts in promoting sustainable agriculture, which is crucial for protecting the Philippines' rich biodiversity and natural resources. Wrap-Up Hand tools are manually operated tools without external power sources, known for their small, portable, and simple design, commonly used in small-scale farming and gardening due to their ease of use, affordability, and adaptability.. Implements are larger tools, often requiring animal or mechanical power, used for tasks like soil preparation and crop maintenance. Equipment refers to advanced motorized machinery for large-scale farming operations, such as tractors and combine harvesters. Understanding the functions and uses of these tools, implements, and equipment is vital for efficient and sustainable farming. 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 18 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Self-Assessment How confident are you with your acquired skills from the lesson? Put a check (✓) on the corresponding descriptor. I am confident that I I think I need more I have a minimal Skills can do this with time and assistance. understanding of it. ease. I can identify various tools, implements, and equipment used in different aspects of agriculture. I can differentiate agricultural tools, implements, and equipment. I can demonstrate the functions of agricultural tools and equipment. 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 19 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Reflection I find ______________________ the most interesting because ________________________________. I need to improve on ________________________ because ___________________________________. I need to practice _________________________ because ______________________________________. I plan to ___________________________________________________________________________________ 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 20 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Attributions Assortment of vegetables in wheelbarrow by freepik is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. Free photo close up of seeder attached to tractor in field. by standret is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. Tractor working in the field by freepik is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. Flashcard letter h is for hoe by brgfx is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. Scythe by OpenClipart is Public domain under Freesvg Terms via Freesvg. Ph meter by brgfx is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. Orange metal wheelbarrow by verazinha is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. Agriculture pest control by macrovector is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. Agricultural machines by macrovector is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. Agricultural machines by macrovector is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. Lawn mower and grass cutters by macrovector is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. Automatic drip irrigation banner by macrovector is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. Bread production set by macrovector is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. Automated remote controlled combine harvester threshers by macrovector is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. Gps navigation and satellite by author/gstudioimagen1 is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. Excavator vehicle working by brgfx is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. Free vector bulldozer by brgfx is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. Greenhouse with technology for growing or automation watering plants by redgreystock is licensed under Freepik License via Freepik. 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 21 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 References “Equipment and Tools for Small-Scale Intensive Crop Production.” n.d. https://attra.ncat.org/publication/equipment-and-tools-for-small-scale-intensive-cro p-production/. Wikipedia contributors. 2023. “Agricultural Machinery.” Wikipedia. November 19, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agricultural_machinery. 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 22 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Answer Key Proficiency Checkpoint I. True or False. Write true if the statement is correct. If it is not, write false. false 1. A hoe is typically used for harvesting crops. true 2. Seed drills ensure uniformity in planting, crucial for optimal crop growth. false 3. A grain cart is used for transporting water across the farm. true 4. Rotary tillers are used for mixing compost or fertilizer into the soil. true 5. Skid steer loaders are large machines used for heavy tasks like loading and excavation. II. Categorization. Categorize the following as a tool, implement, or equipment. equipment 6. combine harvester implement 7. rotary tiller tool 8. hand cultivator implement 9. seed drill tool 10. soil ph tester 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 23 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Try It Yourself 1. What is the primary function of a plow in agriculture? Answer: The primary function of a plow in agriculture is to turn over the soil, especially before sowing seeds. This process helps aerate the soil, bring fresh nutrients to the surface, and prepare the land for planting. 2. If you were to plant seeds in a large field, which agricultural implement would be most suitable to ensure uniformity in planting and why? Answer:. A seeder, planter, or seed drill would be most suitable for planting seeds in a large field. These implements are designed to sow seeds at consistent depths and intervals, ensuring uniformity in planting. It is crucial for optimal crop growth and yields as it ensures that each plant has enough space and resources to grow effectively. 3. Evaluate the potential environmental impacts of replacing traditional farming tools with modern agricultural equipment in a small rural community. Answer: Replacing traditional farming tools with modern agricultural equipment in a small rural community can have several environmental impacts. Modern equipment can increase efficiency and productivity but may also contribute to soil compaction, adversely affecting soil health and water infiltration. There is also a risk of disturbing local biodiversity, as larger equipment might not be as selective as traditional methods, potentially harming non-target plant and animal species. However, proper management and sustainable practices can mitigate these negative impacts. 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 24 Agricultural Crop Production Unit 2: Safe Farming Operations Grade 7 Starting Out Tools Uses c 1. a. cutting grass or grain crops b. used for removing weeds, and harvesting root crops d 2. e 3. c. to break up soil and remove weeds d. ideal for digging and cutting through b 4. e. for harvesting crops or cutting grass a 5. 2.1. Agricultural Tools, Implements, and Equipment 25