Advanced Fluid Mechanics MCQs PDF

ADVANCED FLUID MECHANICS Question Code Question option 1 option 2 option 3 option 4...

ADVANCED FLUID MECHANICS Question Code Question option 1 option 2 option 3 option 4 option 5 Which of the following is a characteristic of an ideal fluid? A) High viscosity B) No viscosity C) Compressible D) Adheres to surfaces E) Surface Tension AFM 001 In real fluid flow, which factor significantly affects the pressure loss in a pipe? A) Fluid density only B) Surface Tension C) Viscosity D) Incompressibility E) Compressible AFM 002 D) Real fluid behaviors, like viscosity, Why can ideal fluid assumptions be unsuitable for civil engineering applications? A) Ideal fluids flow with resistance B) Ideal fluids exert higher pressure C) Ideal fluids are highly compressible E) Ideal fluids exert lower pressure impact structural loads AFM 003 The type of flow in which the velocity at any given time does not change with respect to A) Steady flow B) Compressible flow C) Uniform flow D) Rotational flow E) Unsteady flow space is called AFM 004 Flow in a pipe where average flow parameters are considered for analysis is an example A) Incompressible flow B) one-dimensional flow C) two-dimensional flow D) three-dimensional flow E) Compressible flow of AFM 005 If the Reynolds number is less than 2000, the flow in a pipe is A) Laminar flow B) Turbulent flow C) Transition flow D) All of the above E) Steady flow AFM 006 When applying the continuity equation in pipe flow, if the cross-sectional area decreases, D) Be unaffected by cross-sectional A) Increase B) Decrease C) Remain constant E) Both A and B the fluid velocity will area AFM 007 The Reynolds number is used to determine A) The density of a fluid B) The flow regime of a fluid C) The pressure in a pipeline D) The thermal properties of a fluid E) Both C and D AFM 008 In civil engineering applications, why is turbulent flow often preferred in water distribution E) It allows for higher Reynolds A) It reduces energy losses B) It minimizes flow velocity C) It allows for lower Reynolds numbers D) It decreases sediment deposition systems? numbers AFM 009 In case of laminar flow, the loss of pressure head is proportional to A) Velocity B) Velocity square C) Velocity cube D) Velocity per meter cube E) All of the above AFM 010 The maximum velocity in a circular pipe when A) the top of the pipe B) the bottom of the pipe C) the centre of the pipe D) not necessarily at the centre E) All of the above flow is laminar occurs at AFM 011 The Darcy-Weisbach friction factor f which is D) Roughness height, diameter, velocity A) Relative roughness, velocity and B) Relative roughness, diameter and C) Roughness height, diameter and a direct measure of resistance to flow in pipes and E) All of the above viscosity viscosity velocity AFM 012 depends on which of the following? kinematic viscosity The flow is said to be turbulent when Reynolds number is A) less than 1000 B) equal to 2000 C) greater than 4000 D) between to 1000 to 4000 E) Both A and B AFM 013 Darcy-Weisbach equation is used to find loss of A) Sudden enlargement B) Sudden contraction C) Sudden contracting D) Friction E) All of the above head due to : AFM 014 In a civil engineering water distribution project, which of the following scenarios would A) Increasing pipe roughness B) Reducing pipe diameter C) Reducing flow velocity D) Increasing pipe length E) All of the above most likely reduce major energy losses? AFM 015 Minor energy losses in a pipeline are typically caused by: A) Pipe friction B) Flow transitions in fittings C) Flow transitions in fittings D) Flow continuity E) All of the above AFM 016 Which type of flow alteration is likely to produce the highest minor losses? A) Gradual contraction B) Smooth bend C) Open straight pipe D) Sudden enlargement E) Sudden expansion AFM 017 In a civil engineering project, which factor would increase the minor losses in a pipeline? A) Increasing the pipe length B) Adding more bends and elbows C) Decreasing the pipe diameter D) Using smoother pipes E) All of the above AFM 018 In Chezy’s formula, the term RRR represents: A) Channel roughness coefficient B) Channel slope C) Flow rate D) Hydraulic radius E) All of the above AFM 019 The Chezy formula is primarily used for calculating the flow velocity in which type of flow? A) Pressurized pipe flow B) Open channel flow C) Laminar flow in small pipes D) Compressible flow in ducts E) All of the above AFM 020  C) The Colebrook-White equation or For turbulent flow in a rough pipe, the Darcy friction factor can be determined using: A) The Reynolds number only B) The Hazen-Williams equation D) The Manning’s equation E) Open channel flow Moody chart AFM 021 A) Conservation of mass B) Conservation of momentum C) Conservation of energy D) Conservation of pressure E) All of the above AFM 022 The continuity equation in fluid mechanics is primarily based on the principle of: A) The flow rate remains consistent C) Temperature consistency in fluid D) Momentum balance in open B) Energy loss calculations in pipelines E) All of the above across different cross-sections flow channels AFM 023 The continuity equation is essential in civil engineering to ensure: C) Both compressible and In advanced fluid mechanics, the differential continuity equation can apply to which of the A) Only incompressible flows B) Only steady-state flows D) Only flows with constant density E) All of the above incompressible flows AFM 024 following cases? For flow in a circular pipe, if the Reynolds number (Re) is less than 2000, the flow is A) Turbulent B) Transitional C) Supercritical D) Subcritical E) Laminar AFM 025 generally considered: A) Molecular diffusion B) Friction factor C) Turbulent diffusion D) Wall roughness E) Both A and B AFM 026 The concept of an “eddy viscosity” is commonly used in turbulence models to account for: A) Left side, where Reynolds number is B) Middle section, where Reynolds C) Right side, where Reynolds number D) It is uniformly represented across the E) All of the above less than 2000 number is around 4000 is above 10,000 diagram AFM 027 In a Moody diagram, laminar flow is represented in which region? B) To estimate flow velocity in an open C) To determine the friction factor in A) To calculate pipe material density D) To find the Reynolds number of flow E) All of the above channel pipe flow AFM 028 What is the primary purpose of a Moody diagram? A) Laminar flow B) Transitional flow C) Turbulent flow D) Steady flow E) Unsteady flow AFM 029 If the Reynolds number is 3000, what type of flow is indicated on the Moody diagram? D) Changes the flow from turbulent to How does an increase in pipe roughness affect the friction factor in turbulent flow A) Increases the friction factor B) Decreases the friction factor C) Has no effect on the friction factor E) All of the above laminar AFM 030 according to the Moody diagram? D) Hydraulic gradient E) All of the above AFM 031 Which of the following is NOT shown on a Moody diagram? A) Friction factor B) Relative roughness C) Reynolds number For turbulent flow in rough pipes, the friction factor primarily depends on which C) Both Reynolds number and relative AFM 032 parameter? A) Reynolds number only B) Relative roughness only roughness equally D) Pipe length only E) All of the above In which type of flow is drag primarily due to friction between the fluid and surface of the AFM 033 object? A) Turbulent flow B) Laminar flow C) Transitional flow D) Supersonic flow E) All of the above AFM 034 Lift force acts in which direction relative to the flow of fluid? A) Parallel to the flow direction B) Perpendicular to the flow direction C) Opposite to the flow direction D) Along the ground level E) All of the above The Reynolds number at which the flow typically transitions from laminar to turbulent along AFM 035 a smooth flat plate is approximately: A) 500 B) 2,000 C) 5,000 D) 500,000 E) All of the above A) A) The Reynolds number exceeds B) Adverse pressure gradients become AFM 036 The boundary layer separates from the surface of a smooth flat plate when: 500,000 strong C) The surface is extremely smooth D) The flow velocity is high E) None of the above In the laminar boundary layer, the velocity profile near the wall is: AFM 037 A) Parabolic B) Uniform C) Linear D) Exponential E) None of the above Which of the following effects typically triggers the transition from laminar to turbulent AFM 038 boundary layer flow? A) Increasing fluid viscosity B) Decreasing fluid density C) Increasing Reynolds number D) Decreasing surface roughness E) None of the above For a boundary layer flow along a smooth flat plate, which region is likely to show both AFM 039 laminar and turbulent characteristics? A) Fully developed laminar region B) Fully developed turbulent region C) Transitional region D) Inviscid region E) None of the above B) Smooth and orderly fluid motion in AFM 040 A laminar boundary layer is characterized by: A) Random, chaotic fluid motion layers C) High Reynolds number D) Large velocity fluctuations E) None of the above AFM 041 Which type of boundary layer is most likely to occur at low Reynolds numbers? A) Laminar B) Turbulent C) Transitional D) Supersonic E) None of the above B) The type of flow (laminar or AFM 042 The Reynolds number is a dimensionless number that helps to predict: A) The density of a fluid turbulent) around an immersed body C) The mass of an object D) The fluid's compressibility E) None of the above  C) Streamlined shape, such as a AFM 043 Which shape is most likely to minimize drag when moving through a fluid? A) Sphere B) Cube teardrop D) Cylinder E) None of the above AFM 044 The wake region behind an immersed body is characterized by: A) High pressure and steady flow B) Low pressure and turbulence C) High velocity and smooth flow D) No pressure or flow disturbances E) None of the above In flow around an immersed body, the point at which the flow separates from the surface AFM 045 is called the: A) Leading edge B) Stagnation point C) Separation point D) Center of buoyancy E) None of the above A) Reynolds number and shape of the AFM 046 The coefficient of drag Cd for an immersed body depends on: body B) Density of the body material only C) Only the surface area of the body D) Fluid compressibility alone E) None of the above A) Proportionally to the square of the D) Proportionally to the cube of the AFM 047 When flow is laminar around a spherical body, the drag force varies: velocity B) Linearly with the velocity C) Independently of the velocity velocity E) None of the above C) Increasing the body's surface AFM 048 Which factor is most likely to increase the drag on a body immersed in fluid? A) Decreasing the flow velocity B) Streamlining the body roughness D) Reducing the Reynolds number E) None of the above AFM 049 The friction drag coefficient is generally higher in: A) Laminar flow B) Turbulent flow C) Inviscid flow D) Supersonic flow E) None of the above AFM 050 The friction drag coefficient decreases as the Reynolds number increases in: A) Laminar flow B) Turbulent flow C) Both laminar and turbulent flows D) Inviscid flow E) None of the above D) Lowering the Reynolds number in AFM 051 Which of the following will increase the friction drag coefficient on a surface? A) Decreasing surface roughness B) Increasing fluid viscosity C) Reducing fluid density turbulent flow E) None of the above A) They occur at lower Reynolds B) They experience more mixing and AFM 052 Turbulent boundary layers are thicker than laminar boundary layers because: numbers momentum transfer C) They have lower velocities D) They experience less wall friction E) None of the above