English Worksheet No. 1 PDF

## English Worksheet No. 1 ### Ex1 Why Commas are Used - Commas you use in writing are similar to pauses you use in speech. - Commas are also used to group similar items together. - Commas are used in a series of words, to set off dialogue, and between two clauses. **Directions:** Read each se...

## English Worksheet No. 1 ### Ex1 Why Commas are Used - Commas you use in writing are similar to pauses you use in speech. - Commas are also used to group similar items together. - Commas are used in a series of words, to set off dialogue, and between two clauses. **Directions:** Read each sentence and insert commas. Write why commas have been used. **Example A:** Hey, what are you doing after school? **Answer:** set off dialogue 1. After school she needs to walk home do her homework and wash dishes. - After school, she needs to walk home, do her homework, and wash dishes. 2. I want to go to the movies but I have to finish my homework first. - I want to go to the movies, but I have to finish my homework first. 3. Once he gets to the baseball game John is going to relax eat and talk. - Once he gets to the baseball game, John is going to relax, eat, and talk. 4. Hey do you think they will arrive on time? - Hey, do you think they will arrive on time? 5. John Matt and Jacob will try-out for the basketball team. - John, Matt, and Jacob will try out for the basketball team. 6. We will train very hard or we will not do well in the race. - We will train very hard, or we will not do well in the race. ### Ex2 Fill in the blanks using the correct forms of the words in brackets. (i) A vote of appreciation (appreciate) was offered to the club president at last night’s annual (annually) meeting. (ii) The sympathetic (sympathy) actors rushed to the aid of the stuntman hurt in the tragic (tragedy) accident. (iii) A little humor (humorous) always aids a speaker’s eloquence (eloquent). (iv) It was unanimously (unanimous) agreed that we should use all our persuading (persuasion) powers to try to bring about change. (v) The patient explained (explanation) that she had been repeatedly (repetition) troubled by hiccups during the past year. ### Ex3 Replace ‘get’ in the sentences below with a more precise verb. (You may need to change other words too.) Try to use a different one for each answer. (i) They had to get at school by 8.30. - They had to arrive at school by 8.30. (ii) Sorry, but I just don’t get it! - Sorry, but I just don’t understand it! (iii) If he doesn’t get good marks this time, he is going to change his course. - If he doesn’t score good marks this time, she is going to change his course. (iv) Don’t come too close. I’ve got a cold. - Don’t come too close. I’ve caught a cold. (v) He gets twenty dollars a week for babysitting. - He earns twenty dollars a week for babysitting. (vi) We shall get the six pm train on Friday. - We shall catch the six pm train on Friday. ### Ex4 Types of sentences **Simple** - A simple sentence has the most basic elements that make it a sentence: a subject, a verb, and a completed thought. - Example: Joe waited for the train. - “Joe”= subject, “waited”= verb **Compound** - A compound sentence refers to a sentence made up of two independent clauses (or complete sentences) connected to one another with a coordinating conjunction that follows a comma. - Coordinating conjunctions are easy to remember if you think of the words “FAN BOYS”: For - And - Nor - But - Or - Yet - So -Example: Joe waited for the train, but the train was late. ### Identify the following sentences as simple or compound. 1. Alice and James went to the park in the evening. - Simple 2. Rani went to the market and bought some flowers. - Compound 3. The farmer took good care of the cows. - Simple 4. You can leave or stay. - Compound 5. I want to be a computer engineer. - Simple 6. I’m going to the shop, for I have run out of milk. - Compound 7. He likes to paint by himself. - Simple 8. I like swimming and I like running. - Compound 9. Everything was ready for the party. - Simple 10. I have never been to France, nor have I been to Australia. - Compound ### Ex5 Use the verbs in the box to complete the following idiomatic expressions. face call burn act hit bury turn blow work hard bear the consequences to burn the midnight oil to be arrogant on your achievement to hit the goat to resolve one’s trumpet to get into a problem by yourself to bury the hatchet to call a spade a spade (i) work hard… the midnight oil. (ii) To … face the music. (iii) To be … arrogant … on your… achievement… (iv) To … hit… the goat. (v) To … bury … the hatchet. (vi) To … call… a spade a spade. ### Ex6 The missing words in the following idioms are all colours. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate colour. (i) The astronaut suffered a …abnormal light reflection… …white… eye when he was hit in the head by a flying wrench. (ii) The first few images of Earth taken from the moon were in …black… and white. (iii) Overspending on the space programme helped to put the budget in the …blue… (iv) The leader told a …white… lie to avoid hurting people’s feelings. ### Ex7 Fill in the blanks, by replacing the words in heavy type with synonyms from the box. fatigue annihilate prosperous summit foe annual resolute amicable suddenly endeavoured (i) The determined …resolute… runner suffered great weariness …fatigue… (ii) The wealthy …prosperous… businessmen came to a friendly …amicable… agreement. (iii) The irate boss …suddenly… left the room. (iv) The general wished to destroy …annihilate… the enemy …foe… (v) The department store was holding its yearly …annual… sale. (vi) The climber attempted …endeavoured… to reach the peak …summit… of the mountain. ### Ex8 Literary Devices for Sound - There are several literary devices that affect the sound of the author’s words. Here are two of them. **Alliteration** - The repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words in a string of words. - Example: “The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, The furrow followed free; We were the first that ever burst Into that silent sea.” - Excerpt from: The Rime of the Ancient Mariner by Samuel Taylor Coleridge - Usage of alliteration: - Soft sounds calm the reader or slow down the poem. - Loud quick sounds can liven the reader or speed up the tempo of the poem. **Sibilance** - The repetition of s sounds within words to produce a hissing sound. - The words with s sound need not be placed directly next to each other, and the s sound can occur anywhere in a word; beginning, middle or end. - Example: "Gatsby believed in the green light, the orgastic future that year by year recedes before us. It eluded us then, but that’s no matter—tomorrow we will run faster, stretch out our arms farther... So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past." - Excerpt from: The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald - Usage of sibilance: - They give language a musical element and can help emphasize words that resonate with the main idea or theme of the work. ### Which sentences are example of alliteration and which are examples of sibilance. 1. Ben bounces backwards off the bouncy castle. - A 2. All the ant like alien creatures angrily attacked. - A 3. Sally shopped at Sainsbury’s on Sunday. - S 4. Natalie neat home was nicely decorated. - A 5. The snake slithered over the sand and slept into Semi’s beach bag. - S 6. Stephanie sat as still and silent as a statue. - S 7. Calham crept over to the chocolate cupcakes and grabbed a chunk. - A 8. Down the dale the daffodils and dandelions danced. - A ### Ex9 Each of the following sentences talks about two actions done in the past. Complete each sentence with the past perfect tense of the word in brackets. (i) Sam called to say that he had forgotten (forget) his mobile phone. (ii) They entered the house after they had checked (check) that it was safe. (iii) By the time the police came, the unruly crowd had dispersed (disperse). (iv) The gardener burnt the leaves after he had swept (sweep) them into a pile. (v) The farmers stopped ploughing only after the sun had set ( set). ### Ex10 Paraphrase the following cliché. (i) as sound as a bell - to be very healthy. (ii) to run like a hairy goat - to run very badly (iii) keep your chin up - to remain cheerful. (iv) chafing at the bit - very eager to do something. (v) it seems to me - appears to me (vi) a stroke of genius - brilliant idea ### Ex11 Combine the following sentences in each pair into a complex sentence using a suitable conjunction from the box. although as if as much as if so that wherever (i) You can pick more details, You study the picture carefully. - You can pick more details, wherever you study the picture carefully. (ii) They are holding the week-long conference some time next month. It will coincide with the school holidays. - They are holding the week-long conference some time next month, if it will coincide with the school holidays. (iii) He enjoyed himself/He had expected to. - He enjoyed himself, as much as he had expected to. (iv) You go. You can make payments with traveller’s cheques. - You go, so that you can make payments with traveller’s cheques. (v) I had seen him only once before. I recognized him immediately. - Although, I had seen him only once before, I recognized him immediately. (vi) He speaks authoritatively. He thinks he is the leader. - He speaks authoritatively, as if he thinks he is the leader. ### Ex12 Find a single word from the box for each of the following. colloquial tragedy vocabulary unanimous dialogue prejudice (i) The sum of words that a person knows and can use. - vocabulary (ii) A bias against someone or something. - prejudice (iii) An exchange of ideas or opinions between two or more people. - dialogue (iv) Agreed to by everyone. - unanimous (v) Belonging to common, or familiar, speech. - colloquial (vi) A drama with an unhappy ending. - tragedy ### Ex13 Shades of meaning - A word’s denotation is its literal meaning or dictionary definition. - Certain words can evoke feelings or make people think in a certain way. - A word’s connotation is the ideas and feelings that come to mind when people read or hear a word. - Words that have almost the same denotation can have very different connotation depending on the context in which they are used. - Paying attention to and understanding the connotation of words helps readers determine the mood and tone of a passage. 1. Would You Rather Be? - Imagine your mom was introducing you to a person who knew nothing about you. - She wants to describe you in the best way possible. - From each pair of words below, choose the word you would rather your mom use to describe you. Then, explain why. i. hard-working OR a workaholic. Why? - Because this is a very positive and motivational word. ii. Conceited OR self-confident. Why? - Because it can develop confidence. iii. firm OR stubborn. Why? - Because it describes that the behavior so will be motivated to do positive. iv. flexible OR indecisive. Why? - Because in this way, I can adjust in any situation. 2. Look at the examples below. Do the italicized words have the same denotation? Write P in front of positive connotation. Write N in front of negative connotation. Write D for denotation. i. Running every day has made Thomas slender and lithe. - D ii. Running every day has made Thomas thin. - P iii. Running every day has made Thomas scrawny. - N ### Ex14 Persuasive devices - Persuade means to convince. In persuasive text, the author attempts to convince the reader to believe that the author’s viewpoint is correct. Here are some common persuasive techniques: - AFORE ST **A - alliteration/anecdote:** anecdote are real life examples of what you are explaining. E.g. My friend John is a war veteran. He still visits his psychologist every week to deal with post stress syndrome. **F - facts:** information that is proved to be true. E.g. Drinkable water forms a small part of water reservoir on our planet **O - opinion:** It is some one’s point of view. E.g. Pakistani cotton products are the best in the world. **R - rhetorical question/ repetition:** rhetorical question is a question that does not require an answer. E.g. “Shall we standby honesty?” repetition: "Free at last, free at last, thank God Almighty, we are free at last." **E - emotive language, exaggeration/hyperbole:** emotions are created to convince the readers that the writer is right. E.g. An innocent bystander was murdered in cold blood in Downtown Chicago. **S-statistics:** number and graphs to provide convincing information to add credibility. **T - Three (rule of)/ Tone:** if you want people to believe something, a good trick is to repeat it three times. E.g. "life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.” 1. These 2 techniques make your points sound more credible. They also make it appear objective and unbiased. - a. Fact - b. Repetition 2. This technique appeals to the readers feelings in most cases this will be achieved through adjectives - a. fact - b. statistic 3. Readers rely on some expert or celebrity to answer a question. - a. Opinion 4. This technique is a direct appeal to the reader and makes them think. - b. rhetorical question 5. Our students are diligent, determent and dedicated to doing their best. - a. Triplet/ Rule of 3 - b. Alliteration - c. Rhetorical question