MSYS 50: Enterprise Architecture PDF

# MSYS 50: Enterprise Architecture ## EA Drivers ### Module 1.2 ### Outline - Internal Drivers - External Drivers ### Pressures that Drive Organizations - Important to consider internal and external environments - Good architectural practice indispensable, especially when organization grows and beco...

# MSYS 50: Enterprise Architecture ## EA Drivers ### Module 1.2 ### Outline - Internal Drivers - External Drivers ### Pressures that Drive Organizations - Important to consider internal and external environments - Good architectural practice indispensable, especially when organization grows and becomes complex ### Internal Drivers - Pressures within the organization - Organizational alignment - Well-orchestrated interaction of organizational components (hard, soft) - Business-IT alignment especially crucial ### Strategic Alignment Model (Henderson and Venkatraman 1993) - Distinguishes between aspects of - Business strategy, organizational infrastructure - IT strategy, IT infrastructure - Four dominant perspectives used for alignment The image shows a 2x2 matrix. The top axis is labeled "External" and the bottom axis is labeled "Internal". On the left side of the matrix, at the top, is the text "Business Strategy" and at the bottom is the text "Business". On the right side of the matrix, at the top, is the text "IT Strategy" and at the bottom is the text "Information Technology". In the upper middle of the matrix, connected to both "Business Strategy" and "IT Strategy" is the text "Strategic Fit", signifying that business and IT strategies must be aligned. Below that is the text "Organizational Infrastructure and Processes". The top of this text is connected to the bottom of "Business Strategy" and the bottom of this text is connected to the bottom of "Business". The text "IT Infrastructure and Processes" is oriented vertically in the right middle of the matrix. The top of this text is connected to the bottom of "IT Strategy" and the bottom of this text is connected to the bottom of "Information Technology". At the bottom of the matrix is the text "Functional Integration". ### Alignment Components (Nadler et al. 1992) - Work - People - Formal organization - Informal organization ### Organizational Alignment (Labovitz and Rosansky, 1997) - Vertical - Top strategy - People at the bottom - Horizontal - Internal processes - External customers ### EA as Management Instrument - Positioned within context of managing enterprise - Architecture is not a static asset The image contains a pyramid. At the very top, the text "Mission" is placed, followed by "Vision", "Strategy", "Goals", "Actions", "Culture", "Leadership", "People", and "Operations". On the bottom row of the pyramid the text "products", "processes", "people" and "IT" are placed. The text "as is" is placed to the left of the pyramid, angled slightly downwards. To the right of the pyramid, angled slightly downwards is the text "to be". The left side of the pyramid is labeled "Enterprise Architecture" and to the right of this is the text "domain/aspect architectures". Above the pyramid is the text "EA as Management Instrument" and the text "Positioned within context of managing enterprise" is on the right side of the image. Below the "Positioned within context of managing enterprise" text is the text "Architecture is not a static asset". ### EA Role (Ross et al. 2006) - Successful organizations employ an operating model (shown in figure) - EA serves as organizing logic for business processes and IT infrastructure - Must reflect integration and standardization requirements The image contains a 2x2 matrix. The top axis is labelled "Data integration" and the bottom axis is labelled "Standardization of business processes". The top right side is labeled "High" and the bottom left side is labelled "low". On the left side of the matrix, at the top is the text "Coordination" and at the bottom is the text "Diversification". On the right side of the matrix, at the top is the text "Unification" and at the bottom is the text "Replication". ### External Drivers - Pressures outside the organization - May trigger push for adoption of an EA practice - External regulations generate substantial impact