Doctor's Approach Regarding Drug Prescription PDF
Document Details
Uploaded by AdaptiveGraph
Dr Ahmed Awad
Tags
Summary
This document provides a lecture on the topic of doctor-patient relationships, focusing specifically on the doctor's approach to drug prescription and general medical ethics. The document covers medical ethics objectives and different ethical medical issues for medical practitioners.
Full Transcript
Doctor's approach regarding drug prescription ﺳﻠﻮك اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﻋﻨﺪ وﺻﻒ اﻟﺪواء Dr Ahmed Awad Objectives: By the end of this lecture, you will be able to know: – The definition of medical ethics. – The three basic ethical concepts. – The 2 broad philosophical theo...
Doctor's approach regarding drug prescription ﺳﻠﻮك اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﻋﻨﺪ وﺻﻒ اﻟﺪواء Dr Ahmed Awad Objectives: By the end of this lecture, you will be able to know: – The definition of medical ethics. – The three basic ethical concepts. – The 2 broad philosophical theories. – The 4 Key Ethical Principles. – واﺟﺒﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ. – واﺟﺒﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﺗﺠﺎه ﻣﻬﻨﺘﻪ. – واﺟﺒﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ. – واﺟﺒﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﺗﺠﺎه ﻧﻔﺴﻪ. – أﺧﻼق اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ What is Medical Ethics? Medical ethics : Is a system of moral principles ) ( ﻣﺒﺎدئ اﺧﻼﻗﻴﺔthat apply values and judgments to the practice of medicine. Two questions when faced with a dilemma: Behavior: What should I do? Motivation: Why should I do it? Medicine is about : “Can we?” Ethics is about: “Should we?” Ethics are Moral Principles. What is good and bad. What is right and wrong. Based on value system. Ethical norms are not universal – depends on the sub culture of the society. Medical Ethicsﻋﻠﻢ اﻻﺧﻼق اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ Apply three basic ethical concepts when making a decision: –Do no harm. –Act in good faith. –Act in the patient’s best interest. Ethics ﻋﻠﻢ اﻻﺧﻼق 2 broad philosophical theories 1( consequentialism)– (ﻋﻮاﻗﺒﻴﺔ taking the consequences of our actions into consideration 2( deontology)ﻋﻠﻢ – (اﻟﻮاﺟﺒﺎت\اﻻﺧﻼقbasing our actions on a set of principles or duties Consequentialism(actions): Actions are right or wrong according to the balance of their good and bad consequences. The right act is the one that produces the best overall result. Deontology(Deon=duty): Deontology /Non-consequentialism: Looks to one’s obligation to determine what is ethical and answers the question: What should I do and why should I do it? Duty or principle based theory. Actions determined by rightness or wrongness ) virtue ﻓﻀﻴﻠﺔethics( independent of their consequences. The outcome of action is not important. An act is right if it conforms to an overriding moral duty eg.do not tell lies, do not kill. E.g. killing someone to give their organs to someone else may ignore our duty to respect that person’s right to life. Problems: Always following rules of conduct ﺳﻠﻮكcan lead to negative consequences. e.g. allowing a massive bomb to explode by refusing to torture someone. A moral duty or principle is one that is: laid down by God / supremely rational being. or is in accordance with reason / rationality. 4 Key Ethical Principlesﻣﺒﺎدئ: Principles of Biomedical Ethics: 1) Autonomy))اﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼﻟﻴﺔ. 2) Benefiicence)ﻓﻌﻞ اﻟﺨﻴﺮ,(اﻻﺣﺴﺎن. 3) non-malefiicence))ﻋﺪم اﻻﻳﺬاء. 4) Justice))ﻋﺪاﻟﺔ. 1)Autonomy: Respect a person’s right to make their own decisions. Support people in their individual choices. Do not force people to do things. ‘Informed Consent’ is an important outcome of this principle. The freedom to make decisions about oneself. Against the principle of autonomy: Treating patients without their consent. Treating patients without giving them all the relevant information necessary for making an informed and intelligent choice (informed consent). Telling patient “white lies”. 2)Benef icence (to do good): Our actions must aim to ‘benefit’ people – health, welfare, comfort, well-being, improve a person’s potential, improve quality of life. Create a safe and supportive environment. Help people in crises This principle means “doing good” for others. Against beneficence: Refusing to provide treatment. Refusing to help an accident victim. Refusing to help a prisoner or a suspect of crime. 3)Non–malef icence(to do no harm ): do not cause pain or suffering. do not kill. This principle requires to protect individuals who are unable to protect themselves. Example: You have a terminal patient and you feel you can no longer offer him anything that could cure him. He heard that the taking of arsenic may cure him and asked you to give him arsenic Arsenic is a poison. Against the principle of non-maleficence: Sawing off someone’s good leg. Operating on someone who did not have appendicitis. 4)Justice: Treating people fairly. Not favouring some individuals/groups over others. Distributive Justice – sharing the scarce resources in society in a fair and just manner (e.g. health services, professional time). Against justice: Favoring one patient over another. Senior and experienced doctors treats private patients only. واﺟﺒﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ : واﺟﺒﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ . واﺟﺒﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﺗﺠﺎه ﻣﻬﻨﺘﻪ. واﺟﺒﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ. واﺟﺒﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﺗﺠﺎه ﻧﻔﺴﻪ. ﻋﻼﻗﺔ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ: –اﺧﻼق اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ. –واﺟﺒﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ. –اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎت اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻴﺔ. –اﻟﻤﺴﺆﻟﻴﺎت واﻟﺤﻘﻮق اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻴﺔ. آداب ﻣﻤﺎرﺳﺔ ﻣﻬﻨﺔ اﻟﻄﺐ -1ﻳﺠﺐ أن ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﺷﺨﺼﺎً ﻣﺆﻫﻼً :ﻗﺎل – ﺻﻠﻰ ﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ – ” : ﻣﻦ ﺗﻄﺒﺐ وﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻃﺐ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺿﺎﻣﻦ ” . . 2ﻻﻟﺘﺰام ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺴﻢ واﻻﺑﺘﻌﺎد ﻋﻦ اﻟﺸﺒﻬﺎت . . 3اﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺤﻘﺮات اﻷﻣﻮر و ﺻﻐﺎﺋﺮﻫﺎ )اﻟﻨﻤﻴﻤﺔ,اﻟﻬﻤﺰ,اﻟﻠﻤﺰ,اﻟﺠﺪال,ﻛﺜﺮة اﻟﻀﺤﻚ, اﻟﻠﻌﻦ ,اﻟﺴﺒﺎب( اﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺧﻮارم اﻟﻤﺮوءة)ﻣﻀﻎ اﻟﻌﻠﻜﺔ,ﻟﺒﺲ اﻟﺸﺎذ,اﻫﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﻈﻬﺮ(. . 4اﻟﺼﺒﺮاﻹﺧﻼص و اﺳﺘﺸﻌﺎر اﻟﻌﺒﻮدﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ وﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ . . 5ﻣﻮاﻛﺒﺔ رﻛﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ . . 6اﻟﺘﺤﻞـي ﺑﻤﻜﺎرم اﻷﺧﻼق )اﻟﺼﺪق,اﻻﻣﺎﻧﺔ,اﻟﻨﺰاﻫﺔ,اﺣﺘﺮام اﻻﺧﺮﻳﻦ,اﻟﺤﻠﻢ, اﻟﻌﻄﻒ,اﻟﻤﺤﺒﺔ,اﻻﻧﺼﺎف ,اﻻﻋﺘﺪال ,ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﺲ( . . 7اﻟﻌﺮﻓﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻤﻴﻞ ﻟﻤﻦ ﻋﻠﻤﻮه . . 8إﻧﺰال اﻟﻨﺎس ﻣﻨﺎزﻟﻬﻢ . . 9اﻻﺳﺘﻤﺎع إﻟﻰ ﻣﺮﺿﺎه ﺑﺄذن ﺻﺎﻏﻴﺔ . :10اﻟﺘﻮاﺿﻊ ﻟﻠﻪ . . 11ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ اﻷﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ . . 12اﺣﺘﺮام ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻪ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ . . 13ﻋﺪم ﺷﻬﺎدة اﻟﺰور . . 14اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺳﺮار اﻟﻤﺮﺿﻰ . . 15ﻋﺪم اﻻﻣﺘﻨﺎع ﻋﻦ ﻋﻼج أي ﻣﺮﻳﺾ إﻻ ﺑﻤﺒﺮر ﺷﺮﻋﻲ أو ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻣﻘﺒﻮل . وإذا ﻗﺎم اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﺑﺘﺤﺮﻳﺮ وﺻﻔﺔ ﻃﺒﻴﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻪ أن ﻳﺮاﻋﻲ اﻷﻣﻮر اﻵﺗﻴﺔ : – ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﻮﺻﻔﺔ ﺑﺨﻂ واﺿﺢ ﻣﻨﻌﺎ ﻟﻼﻟﺘﺒﺎس وﺗﺠﻨﺒﺎ ﻟﻮﻗﻮع اﻟﺼﻴﺪﻻﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﻄﺄ . – ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ أن ﻳﺸﺮح ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﺪواء وﻓﺘﺮة اﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل واﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮات اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮاء اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﺪواء . – ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ اﻻﺣﺘﻔﺎظ ﺑﺼﻮرة ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮﺻﻔﺔ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ أو ﺗﺪوﻳﻦ اﻷدوﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ . – ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز وﺻﻒ دواء ﻣﺤﺮم ﻛﺎﻟﻤﺨﺪرات وﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ إن ﻛﺎن ﻫﻨﺎك ﺑﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﺒﺎح وﺣﻼل . – ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻟﻠﻄﺒﻴﺐ أن ﻳﺼﻒ دواء ﻏﻴﺮ ﻻزم ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻳﺾ ،ﻷن ﻫﺬا ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﺶ اﻟﺬي ﻧﻬﺎﻧﺎ ﻋﻨﻪ اﻟﻨﺒﻲ – ﺻﻠﻰ ﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ – . – ﻣﺮاﻋﺎة اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎرف ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺪاوي ﻋﻨﺪ أﻫﻞ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤﻬﻨﺔ . . 16ﻋﺪم اﺳﺘﻐﻼل ﻣﻨﺼﺒﻪ ﻟﻤﺼﺎﻟﺤﻪ اﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ . . 17ﻋﺪم ﻛﺘﻤﺎن اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ,ﺻﺢ ﻋﻦ رﺳﻮل ﷲ – ﺻﻠﻰ ﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ – أﻧﻪ ﻗﺎل ” :ﻣﻦ ﺳﺌﻞ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻓﻜﺘﻤﻪ أﻟﺠﻤﻪ ﷲ ﺑﻠﺠﺎم ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎر ﻳﻮم اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ ” . . 18ﻋﺪم اﻟﺘﻮﺳﻊ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻀﺮورات ﺗﺒﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺤﻈﻮرات ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎً ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻔﻘﻬﻴﺔ ” ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎز ﻟﻌﺬر ﺑﻄﻞ ﺑﺰواﻟﻪ ” . . 19ﻳﺤﺮم ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ أن ﻳﻬﺪر ﺣﻴﺎة اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ وﻟﻮ ﺑﺪاﻓﻊ اﻟﺸﻔﻘﺔ . . 20ﻣﺼﺎرﺣﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺑﻌﻠﺘﻪ ﺑﺤﻜﻤﺔ وﻟﻄﻒ . . 21اﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺲ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ وﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺴﻨﻰ . . 22ﻧﺪاء اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺑﺎﺳﻤﻪ . . 23ﻋﺪم اﻹﻛﺜﺎر ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺰاح ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﺮﺿﻰ . . 24ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻟﻠﻄﺒﻴﺐ إﺟﺮاء ﺗﺠﺎرب ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ إﻻ ﺑﺸﺮوط . . 25اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎت اﻟﻄﻴﺒﺔ ﻣﻊ إﺧﻮاﻧﻪ اﻷﻃﺒﺎءأن ﻻ ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻫﻞ ﺟﻬﺪ اﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ . . 26ﺗﺮك اﻟﺘﺤﺎﺳﺪ واﻟﺘﺒﺎﻏﺾ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻷﻃﺒﺎء . . 27اﺳﺘﺸﺎرة إﺧﻮاﻧﻪ اﻷﻃﺒﺎء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﺪﻋﻲ ذﻟﻚ . . 28ﻋﺪم اﻧﺘﻘﺎد اﻷﻃﺒﺎء اﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ أﻣﺎم اﻟﻤﺮﺿﻰ . ﻛﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﻣﻤﺎرس ﻟﻠﻤﻬﻨﺔ: أن ﻳﺮاﻋﻲ اﻷﻣﺎﻧﺔ واﻟﺪﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺗﺼﺮﻓﺎﺗﻪ وأن ﻳﻠﺘﺰم اﻟﺴﻠﻮك اﻟﻘﻮﻳﻢ وأن ﻳﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺮاﻣﺘﻪ وﻛﺮاﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﺔ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺸﻴﻨﻬﺎ وﻓﻘﺎً ﻟﻤﺎ ورد ﻓﻲ ﻗﺴﻢ اﻷﻃﺒﺎء. ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻟﻪ أن ﻳﺤﺮر ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ ًًا ﻃﺒﻴﺎً أو ﻳﺪﻟﻲ ﺑﺸﻬﺎدة ﺑﻌﻴﺪاً ﻋﻦ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻪ أو ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ ﻟﻠﻮاﻗﻊ اﻟﺬي ﺗﻮﺻﻞ إﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻓﺤﺼﻪ اﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻳﺾ. ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻟﻪ أن ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﻋﻤﻼ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻵﺗﻴﺔ: اﻹﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺳﻄﺎء ﻓﻲ ﻣﺰاوﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﺔ ﺳﻮاءً ﻛﺎن ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺄﺟﺮ أو ﺑﺪون أﺟﺮ. – اﻟﺴﻤﺎح ﺑﺈﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل إﺳﻤﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺮوﻳﺞ اﻷدوﻳﺔ أو اﻟﻌﻘﺎﻗﻴﺮ أو ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ أﻧﻮاع اﻟﻌﻼج أو ﻷي – أﻏﺮاض ﺗﺠﺎرﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ أي ﺻﻮرة ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻮر. ﻃﻠﺐ أو ﻗﺒﻮل ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺄة أو أﺟﺮ ﻣﻦ أي ﻧﻮع ﻛﺎن ﻧﻈﻴﺮ اﻟﺘﻌﻬﺪ أو اﻟﻘﻴﺎم ﺑﻮﺻﻒ أدوﻳﺔ أو – أﺟﻬﺰة ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺿﻰ أو إرﺳﺎﻟﻬﻢ إﻟﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ أو دور ﻟﻠﺘﻤﺮﻳﺾ أو ﺻﻴﺪﻟﻴﺔ أو أي ﻣﻜﺎن ﻣﺤﺪد ﻹﺟﺮاء اﻟﻔﺤﻮص واﻟﺘﺤﺎﻟﻴﻞ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ أو ﻟﺒﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻠﺰﻣﺎت أو اﻟﻤﻌﺪات اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ. اﻟﻘﻴﺎم ﺑﺈﺟﺮاء إﺳﺘﺸﺎ رات ﻃﺒﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻣﺤﺎل ﺗﺠﺎرﻳﺔ أو ﻣﻠﺤﻘﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻌﺪ ﻟﺒﻴﻊ اﻷدوﻳﺔ – أو اﻷﺟﻬﺰة او اﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴﺰات اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ ﺳﻮاءً ﻛﺎن ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺠﺎن أو ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻣﺮﺗﺐ أو ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺄة. اﻟﻘﻴﺎم ﺑﺈﺳﺘﺸﺎ رات ﻃﺒﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺷﺮﻛﺎت اﻹﺗﺼﺎﻻت. – اﻟﻘﻴﺎم ﺑﺒﻴﻊ أى أدوﻳﺔ أو وﺻﻔﺎت أو أﺟﻬﺰة أو ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰﻣﺎت ﻃﺒﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻋﻴﺎدﺗﻪ ،أو أﺛﻨﺎء – ﻣﻤﺎرﺳﺘﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﻬﻨﺔ ﺑﻐﺮض اﻹﺗﺠﺎر. أن ﻳﺘﻘﺎﺳﻢ أﺟﺮه ﻣﻊ أي ﻣﻦ زﻣﻼﺋﻪ إﻻ إذا أﺷﺘﺮك ﻣﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻼج ﻓﻌﻼ ،أو أن ﻳﻌﻤﻞ – وﺳﻴﻄﺎً ﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ آﺧﺮ أو ﻣﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ ﺑﺄى ﺻﻮرة ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻮر. ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮ زﻟﻪ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺟﺪﻳﺪة ﻟﻠﺘﺸﺨﻴﺺ أو اﻟﻌﻼج إذا ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻗﺪ إﻛﺘﻤﻞ إﺧﺘﺒﺎرﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻠﻮب اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ واﻷﺧﻼﻗﻲ اﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢ وﻧﺸﺮت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﻼت اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪة وﺛﺒﺘﺖ ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺘﻬﺎ وﺗﻢ اﻟﺘﺮﺧﻴﺺ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻬﺎت اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ.ﻛﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻟﻪ أﻳﻀﺎً أن ﻳﻨﺴﺐ ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻪ دون وﺟﻪ ﺣﻖ أي ﻛﺸﻒ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ أو ﻳﺪﻋﻰ إﻧﻔﺮاده ﺑﻪ. ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز أن ﻳﻘﻮم ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻳﺔ ﺻﻮرة ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻮر ﺳﻮاءً ﻛﺎن ذﻟﻚ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﻨﺸﺮ أو اﻹذاﻋﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮﻋﺔ أو اﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺔ أو ﻋﺒﺮ وﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ أو أي ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ أﺧﺮى ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮق اﻹﻋﻼن. ﻳﺠﻮز ﻟﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻋﻴﺎدة أو ﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ أن ﻳﻌﻠﻦ ﻋﻦ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺤﻒ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪود ﺛﻼث ﻣﺮات ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻟﻪ إذا ﻏﺎب ﻋﻦ ﻋﻴﺎدﺗﻪ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ أﺳﺒﻮﻋﻴﻦ أن ﻳﻨﺸﺮ إﻋﻼﻧﻴﻦ أﺣﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻏﻴﺎﺑﻪ واﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﻮدﺗﻪ. ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ أن ﻳﻠﺘﺰم ﻓﻲ اﻟﻼﻓﺘﺔ واﻟﻤﻄﺒﻮﻋﺎت واﻟﺘﺬاﻛﺮ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ وﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻌﺎت واﻟﻘﻮاﻧﻴﻦ واﻟﻠﻮاﺋﺢ اﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ. ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻟﻪ أن ﻳﺴﺘﻐﻞ وﻇﻴﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﻘﺼﺪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ أو اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺴﺐ ﻣﺎدي ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ،ﻛﻤﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻟﻪ أن ﻳﺘﻘﺎﺿﻰ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ أ ًًﺟﺮا ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﻓﻰ إﺧﺘﺼﺎص وﻇﻴﻔﺘﻪ اﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻰ ﻳﺆﺟﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ. أن ﻳﻐﺘﻨﻢ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎم ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺜﻘﻴﻒ اﻟﺼﺤﻲ ﻟﻤﺮﻳﻀﻪ وﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻪ ﺑﺄﻧﻤﺎط اﻟﺤﻴﺎة اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ وأن ﻳﺤﺮص ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ واﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺐ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ داﺋﻢ وﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ وأن ﻳﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻔﺎءﺗﻪ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ واﻟﻤﻬﺎرﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﺆﻫﻠﺔ ﻟﻤﻤﺎرﺳﺔ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﺔ. ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز اﻟﺠﺰم ﺑﺘﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻣﺮض أو اﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﺔ ﺑﻌﻼج ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت ﺷﻔﻬﻴﺔ أو ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻴﺔ أو ﻣﺮﺋﻴﺔ دون ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮة اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ وﻓﺤﺼﻪ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺎً ﻳﺠﻮز ﻟﻪ اﻹﺷﺘﺮاك ﻓﻲ ﺣﻠﻘﺎت ﺗﺒﺎدل اﻟﺮاي اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻜﻮن أﻃﺮاﻓﻬﺎ أﻃﺒﺎء ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻟﻪ اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﻛﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻃﺒﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ زﻣﻴﻞ ﻵﺧﺮ ﺳﻮاءً ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ أو ﻋﺒﺮ وﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻹﺗﺼﺎل اﻷﺧﺮى. إذا ﺗﻢ اﻹﺗﺼﺎل أو اﻹﺳﺘﺸﺎرة ﺑﻴﻦ ﻃﺒﻴﺐ وﻃﺒﻴﺐ آﺧﺮ ﺑﺨﺼﻮص أى ﻋﻼج أو ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ اﻟﺬى ﻳﺒﺎﺷﺮ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻌﻼج واﻟﺘﺸﺨﻴﺺ. ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﺘﻨﺤﻰ ﻋﻦ إﺑﺪاء أى ﻧﺼﺢ أو راى ﻃﺒﻲ أو ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ أو ﺷﻔﺎﻫﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ أﻣﺮ ﻳﺒﻨﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ أو ﻳﻌﻮد ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻨﻔﻊ ﻣﺎدى ﺧﺎرج إﻃﺎر ﻣﻤﺎرﺳﺘﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﻬﻨﺔ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ. ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮر ﻓﻰ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ ﻋﺒﺮ وﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻹﻋﻼم ﻋﻠﻴﻪ أن ﻳﻠﺘﺰم ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ اﻵﺗﻴﺔ: – ﺗﺠﻨﺐ ذﻛﺮ ﻣﻜﺎن ﻋﻤﻠﻪ وﻃﺮق اﻹﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﻪ واﻹﺷﺎدة ﺑﺨﺒﺮاﺗﻪ أو إﻧﺠﺎزاﺗﻪ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ، وﻳﻜﺘﻔﻰ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺬﻛﺮ ﺻﻔﺘﻪ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻴﺔ وﻣﺠﺎل ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻪ. – أن ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺒﺔ ﺑﺄﺳﻠﻮب ﻣﺒﺴﻂ ﻳﻼﺋﻢ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﻊ أو اﻟﻤﺸﺎﻫﺪ ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺺ. – ﺗﺠﻨﺐ ذﻛﺮ اﻵراء اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﻤﺆﻛﺪة أو ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﻤﻘﻄﻮع ﺑﺼﺤﺘﻬﺎ ،أو ﺗﻨﺎول اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ واﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺘﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻠﺴﺎت اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻬﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻣﺔ. واﺟﺒﺎت اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ : -1ﺣﺴﻦ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ: اﺣﺘﺮام اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ. ﺣﺴﻦ اﻻﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎل واﻟﺒﺸﺎﺷﺔ. ﺣﺴﻦ اﻻﺳﺘﻤﺎع ﻟﺸﻜﻮى اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ و ﻓﻬﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﺎﺗﻪ . ﺗﺠﻨﺐ اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻟﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ أو اﻟﻨﻈﺮة اﻟﺪوﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻪ أو اﻻﺳﺘﻬﺰاء ﺑﻪ أو اﻟﺴﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻣﺴﺘﻮاه اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ أو اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﺘﺪﻧﻴﺎ. اﺣﺘﺮام وﺟﻬﺔ ﻧﻈﺮه وﺗﻔﻬﻢ ﻋﺎداﺗﻪ. اﻟﻤﺴﺎواة ﻓﻰ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ. اﻟﺮﻓﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ . ﻋﺪم ارﺗﻜﺎب ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺎت ﺷﺮﻋﻴﺔ)اﻟﺨﻠﻮة,ﻛﺸﻒ اﻟﻌﻮرة.(....... ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ أن ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻣﻬﺎراﺗﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻃﻤﺄﻧﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ و ﺗﺨﻔﻴﻒ اﻻﻣﻪ. -2ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ وﺣﻔﻆ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﻪ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎر ﻓﻲ ﻃﻠﺐ اﻟﺪواء أو إﺟﺮاء اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺠﺮاﺣﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺒﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ. ﻋﺪم اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻃﺮق ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﻌﺎرف ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ. اﺧﺒﺎر اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ او ﻣﻦ ﻳﻨﻮب ﻋﻨﻪ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺮض واﻻﺳﺒﺎب واﻟﻤﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎت واﻟﻌﻼج. اﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ اﻟﻰ ﻃﺒﻴﺐ اﺧﺮ اﻛﺜﺮ ﺑﺮاﻋﺔ وﺧﺒﺮة. اﺣﺘﺮام رﻏﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻓﻲ اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎل اﻟﻰ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺞ اﺧﺮوﻣﺪه ﺑﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻓﺤﻮﺻﺎﺗﻪ وﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻪ. اﻻﺳﺘﻤﺮار ﻓﻰ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ اﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﻃﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺪة اﻟﻤﺮض. اﻻﻟﺘﺰام ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮاﻋﻴﺪ. -3اﺳﺘﺌﺬان اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ اﺧﺬ اذن اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ او ﻣﻦ ﻳﻤﺜﻠﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻘﻴﺎم ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺮاﺣﺔ او اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ وﻟﻜﻰ ﻳﻜﻮن اﻻذن ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮا ﻫﻨﺎك ﺷﺮوﻃﺎ: –ان ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت واﻓﻴﺔ وﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﺔ. –ان ﻳﻜﻮن اﻻذن ﻋﻦ ﻃﻮاﻋﻴﺔ. –ان ﻳﻜﻮن اﻻذن ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑﺎ. اذن اﻟﺰوﺟﻴﻦ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺠﺎب. ﻓﺎﻗﺪ اﻟﻮﻋﻲ او اﻟﻤﺠﻨﻮن ﻳﺴﺘﺎذن ذووه. ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻌﺬر اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻذن ﻣﻊ ﺧﻮف ﺣﺼﻮل اﻟﻮﻓﺎة ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﺪون اﻧﺘﻈﺎر اﻻذن. -4ﻃﻤﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺗﻠﻤﺲ اﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ. ﺗﻤﻠﻴﻜﻪ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻣﻊ ﻃﻤﺎﻧﺘﻪ. ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺘﺼﻮرات اﻟﺨﺎﻃﺌﺔ. ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮه ﺑﺜﻮاب اﻟﺼﺒﺮ. اﻟﺘﺎﻛﻴﺪ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﻧﻚ ﺳﺘﻘﻒ اﻟﻰ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ داﺋﻤﺎ. اﻟﺪﻋﺎء ﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻔﺎء ورﻗﻴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻗﻴﺔ اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ. اﻻﺧﺒﺎر ﻋﻦ اﻻﻣﺮاض اﻟﺨﻄﺮة اﻻﻓﻀﻞ ان ﻳﻘﻮم ﺑﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺺ وﺑﻠﻄﻒ. اﻟﺘﺪرج واﻟﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔ. اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺰﻣﺎن اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ. اﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﻮاﻧﺐ اﻻﻳﺠﺎﺑﻴﺔ. ﻣﺪاوﻣﺔ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ اﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ وﻋﺪم اﻻﻧﺴﺤﺎب. ﺣﻔﻆ ﺳﺮ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻷي ِ ﻃﺒﻴﺐ أن ﻳﻔﺸﻲ ﺳﺮا ﺧﺎﺻﺎ وﺻﻞ إﻟﻰ ﻋﻠﻤﻪ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻣﺰاوﻟﺘﻪ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﺔ وذﻟﻚ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﺪا اﻟﺤﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ: – إذا ﻛﺎن إﻓﺸﺎء اﻟﺴﺮ ﺑﻨﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ . – ان اﻻﻓﺸﺎء ﻻﻫﻞ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻼج. – إذا ﻛﺎن إﻓﺸﺎء اﻟﺴﺮ ﻟﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ اﻟﺰوج أو اﻟﺰوﺟﺔ واﺑﻠﻎ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺎ ﻷي ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ. – إذا ﻛﺎن إﻓﺸﺎء اﻟﺴﺮ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ وﻗﻮع ﺟﺮﻳﻤﺔ ﻓﻴﻜﻮن اﻹﻓﺸﺎء ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻄﺔ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ . – إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻐﺮض ﻣﻦ إﻓﺸﺎء اﻟﺴﺮ ﻫﻮ دﻓﺎع اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ أﻣﺎم ﺟﻬﺔ ﻗﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ و ﺑﻨﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻠﺒﻬﺎ . – إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻐﺮض ﻣﻦ إﻓﺸﺎء اﻟﺴﺮ ﻣﻨﻊ ﺗﻔﺸﻲ ﻣﺮض ﻣﻌﺪ ﻳﻀﺮ أﻓﺮاد اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ و ﻳﻜﻮن إﻓﺸﺎء اﻟﺴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻠﻄﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ . ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ اﻟﻤﺮﺿﻰ وﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ اﺻﻮاﺗﻬﻢ –ﻳﻤﻨﻊ ذﻟﻚ اﻻ ﻟﻀﺮورة اﻟﻌﻼج او ﻟﻠﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ او اﻟﺒﺤﺚ. – اﺷﺮح اﻻﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻳﺾ. –ﻳﺠﺐ اﺧﺬ اﻻذن. – ﻋﺪم اﻻﻛﺮاه. –ﻻ ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻻﻋﻼم اﻻ ﺑﺎذن. اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ اذا رﻓﺾ اﻻﺟﺮاء اﻟﻄﺒﻲ: –ﺗﺎﻛﺪ ان اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻣﺪرك ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻴﺜﻴﺎت ﻗﺮاره. –ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ وﺟﻬﺔ ﻧﻈﺮه. – ﺷﺮح اﻫﻤﻴﺔ اﻻﺟﺮاء. –ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ اﻗﺮار اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﺒﻴﺐ. ﺿﻤﺎن ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻟﻠﻄﺒﻴﺐ اﻻﻃﻼع ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻮرة اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ إﻻ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪر اﻟﺬي اﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ و ﺑﻌﺪ اﻻﺳﺘﺌﺬان ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ وﻓﻲ ﺣﻀﻮر ﺷﺨﺺ ﺛﺎﻟﺚ . اﺣﺘﺮام وﺟﻬﺔ ﻧﻈﺮ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣﻮر اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺎ و ﻻ ﻳﻤﻨﻊ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻪ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ. اﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺿﻰ : -ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ اﺣﺘﺮام ﺣﻖ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻓﻲ أن ﻳﻐﻴﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﺒﻪ . -ﻓﻲ ﺣﻘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﻤﺪوﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺳﺠﻠﻪ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ أو اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﻄﺒﻲ اﻟﻼزم اﻟﺬي ﻳﺸﺮح ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻪ اﻟﻤﺮﺿﻴﺔ . - -ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ إﺣﺎﻟﺔ)ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ( اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ إﻟﻰ ﻃﺒﻴﺐ ﻣﺨﺘﺺ ﺑﻨﻮع ﻣﺮﺿﻪ أو إﻟﻰ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﻟﺪﻳﻪ وﺳﺎﺋﻞ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ إذا اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺖ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ذﻟﻚ و ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻲ اﻟﺘﺨﺪﻳﺮ أن ﻳﺘﺒﺎﻃﺄ ﻓﻲ اﻹﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺘﻰ ﻛﺎن ذﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ. -ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ أﻧﻬﺎ ﻻزﻣﺔ ﻟﻌﻼج اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻋﻨﺪ إﺣﺎﻟﺘﻪ إﻟﻰ ﻃﺒﻴﺐ آﺧﺮ. -ﻋﻨﺪ رﻏﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻓﻲ اﺳﺘﺸﺎرة ﻃﺒﻴﺐ آﺧﺮ ) ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺨﺺ ﻣﺮﺿﻪ ( ﻓﻌﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ أﻻ ﻳﻤﺘﻨﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ رﻏﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ و ﻋﻠﻴﻪ أن ﻳﺴﻬﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻳﺾ اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻘﺎرﻳﺮ و اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ . -ﻋﺪم اﻻﻣﺘﻨﺎع ﻋﻦ اﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎل اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ اﻟﺬي ﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻠﻪ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻋﺪم اﻟﺘﻴﻘﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻔﺎﺋﻪ أو ﻷﺳﺒﺎب ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺔ. ﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮ اﻟﻤﻮت أو ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺘﻞ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ ﻟﺤﻴﺎة اﻹﻧﺴﺎن ﺣ ُُﺮﻣﺘﻬﺎ ،وﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز إﻫﺪارﻫﺎ إﻻ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤ ََﻮ ََاﻃﻦ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺣَّّﺪدﻫﺎ اﻟﺸﺮع واﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮن ،وﻫﺬه ﺧﺎرج ﻧﻄﺎق اﻟﻤﻬﻨﺔ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً ،وﻻ ﻳﺠﻮز ﻟﻠﻄﺒﻴﺐ أن ﻳﺴﻬﻢ إﺳﻬﺎﻣﺎ ﻓﺎﻋﻼ ﻓﻲ إﻧﻬﺎء ﺣﻴﺎة اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ وﻟﻮ ﺑﺪاﻓﻊ اﻟﺸﻔﻘﺔ ،وﻻﺳﻴَّّﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺎﻻت اﻵﺗﻴﺔ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳُﻌُ ﺮف ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺘﻞ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ : – اﻟﻘﺘﻞ اﻟﻌﻤﺪ ﻟﻤﻦ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﺑﻤﻞء إرادﺗﻪ ورﻏﺒﺘﻪ أن ﻳﻨﻬﻲ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ اﻻﻧﺘﺤﺎر ﺑﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ . – اﻟﻘﺘﻞ اﻟﻌﻤﺪ ﻟﻸﺟﻨﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﻌﺎﻫﺎت ﺧِ ِﻠﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻬَّﺪد ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻬﻢ أوﻻ ﺗﻬﺪدﻫﺎ ،أو اﻟﻘﺘﻞ اﻟﻌﻤﺪ ﻟﻠﻮﻟﺪان اﻟﻤﻮﻟﻮدﻳﻦ ﺑﺄﻣﺜﺎل ﻫﺬه اﻟﺤﺎﻻت وذﻟﻚ ﺑﻮﻗﻒ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﺘﻬﻢ. ﻻ ﺗﻨﺪرج اﻟﺤﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﻤ ّّﻰ اﻟﻘﺘﻞ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ : – وﻗﻒ اﻟﻌﻼج اﻟﺬي ﻳﺜﺒﺖ ﻋﺪم ﺟﺪوى اﺳﺘﻤﺮاره ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ أﺟﻬﺰة اﻹﻧﻌﺎش اﻻﺻﻄﻨﺎﻋﻲ)) DNRﺻﺮف اﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺸﺮوع ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ ﻳ ُُﻘﻄﻊ ﺑﻌﺪم ﺟﺪاوﻫﺎ. – ﺗﻜﺜﻴﻒ اﻟﻌﻼج اﻟﻘﻮي ﻟﺪﻓﻊ ﺿﺎﺋﻘﺔ أﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﺷﺪﻳﺪة ﻣﻊ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺑﺄن ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻌﻼج ﻗﺪ ﻳﺆدي ﻟﻠﻮﻓﺎة. داء اﻟﺴﻜﺮى) (DMﻛﻤﺜﺎل: ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ ان : – ﻳﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻰ دراﻳﺔ ﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮض ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻨﻮاﺣﻲ)ان ﷲ ﻳﺤﺐ ﻣﻦ اﺣﺪﻛﻢ اذا ﻋﻤﻞ ﻋﻤﻼ ان ﻳﺘﻘﻨﻪ(. – ﻳﺠﻴﺪ اﻻﺳﺘﻤﺎع اﻟﻰ ﺷﻜﻮى اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ. – ﻳﺠﻴﺪ اﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ اﺟﻬﺰة اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ. – ﻳﻄﻠﺐ اﻻﺳﺘﻘﺼﺎءات اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ. – ﻳﻄﻤﺌﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ,ﻳﺸﺮح ﻟﻪ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﺮض واﻫﻤﻴﺔ اﻻﻟﺘﺰام ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻌﻼﺟﻴﺔ. – ﻳﺸﺮح ﻟﻠﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﺧﻄﻮرة اﻟﻤﻀﺎﻋﻔﺎت وﻳﻀﺮب اﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ. – ﻳﺸﺮح اﻫﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﺪواﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻮزن واﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﺔ واﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ. ﻳﺸﺮح اﻫﺪاف اﻟﻌﻼج. ﻳﺨﺘﺎر اﻻدوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎت اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ. ﻻ ﻳﺠﺮب ﻓﻴﻪ ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ. ﻳﺤﻮل اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻟﻠﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎت اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ. ﻳﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺮار اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ. ﻳﺴﺘﺎذن اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ. ﻳﺤﺘﺮم ﻗﺮارات اﻟﻤﺮﻳﺾ ﻓﻰ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻼج واﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺞ. ﻳﻤﺪه ﺑﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﻣﻔﺼﻞ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻪ اذا ﻃﻠﺐ ذﻟﻚ. ﻻ ﻳﺘﺴﺒﺐ ﻓﻲ اﻧﻬﺎء ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ ﻓﻰ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻈﺮوف.