Body Temperature - Part 1 PDF

# **Part 1** Body Temperature **Dr. Rasha Mohamed** ## **Outlines** - Introduction - Definition of body temperature - Kinds of body temperature… Normal range of body temperature - Factors affecting body temperature - Regulation of body temperature - Behavioral actions that increase/decrease body...

# **Part 1** Body Temperature **Dr. Rasha Mohamed** ## **Outlines** - Introduction - Definition of body temperature - Kinds of body temperature… Normal range of body temperature - Factors affecting body temperature - Regulation of body temperature - Behavioral actions that increase/decrease body temperature: - Disorders of body temperature. - Assessment of body temperature - Types of thermometers - Contraindications for each temperature measurement site - How to read thermometer? ## **Introduction** - Vital signs are measures of various physiological status in order to assess the most basic body functions. All of these vital signs can be observed, measured, and monitored. - Body temperature is one of the vital signs which are: - Temperature. - Saturation - Respiration. - Pulse. - Oxygen - Blood pressure. - Pain - Vital signs are determined to monitor the functions of the body. ## **Times to Assess Vital Signs** - On admission to a health care agency to obtain baseline data. - When a client has a change in health status or report symptoms such as chest pain or feeling hot or faint. - According to a nursing or medical order. - Before and after surgery or an invasive diagnostic procedure. - Before and/or after the administration of a medication that could affect the respiratory or cardiovascular systems, for example, before giving a digitalis preparation. - Before and after any nursing intervention that could affect the vital signs (e.g., ambulating a client who has been on bed rest). ## **Definition of Body Temperature** - Body temperature is the balance between the heat produced by the body and the heat lost from the body. - (N.B) Body temperature is measured in units called "degrees". It may be Fahrenheit (F) or Centigrade (C°). ## **Kinds of Body Temperature** ### **Core Temperature** - Is the temperature of the deep tissues such as thorax, abdominal cavity, it remains relatively constant, about 37C°. ### **Surface Temperature** - Is the temperature of the skin, and the subcutaneous tissues and fats; it rises and falls in response to the environment. ## **Equivalent Mercury Thermometer Measurements According to Site** | Assessment Site | Fahrenheit | Centigrade | |---|---|---| | Oral | 98.6° | 37° | | Rectal | 99.6° | 37.5° | | Axillary | 97.6° | 36.4° | ## **Normal Range of Body Temperature is 36 C°-37.4 C°** ## **Heat Production** - Factors that affect the body's heat production are: ### **Basal Metabolic Rate “BMR”**: - BMR is the rate of energy utilization in the body required to maintain essential activities such as breathing. - Metabolic rate decreases with age. ### **Muscular Activity** - Muscle activity as shivering, increases the metabolic rate. ### **Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, and Sympathetic Stimulation** - These hormones immediately increase the rate of cellular metabolism. ### **Thyroxine Output** - Increased thyroxine output increases the rate of cellular metabolism throughout the body. ### **Fever** - Fever increases the cellular metabolic rate and thus increases the body’s temperature. ## **Thank You**