CPU.pdf

Magnetic Disks - a circular plate constructed of metal or plastic coated *Magnetic Tapes Optical Dick into all → a magnetic recording medium made of thin magnetizable coating CPU Register - very fast computer memory, use to execute program operation purpose: -Storing Instruction help compute...

Magnetic Disks - a circular plate constructed of metal or plastic coated *Magnetic Tapes Optical Dick into all → a magnetic recording medium made of thin magnetizable coating CPU Register - very fast computer memory, use to execute program operation purpose: -Storing Instruction help computer quickly find and follow steps -Holding Answer *when the computer does calculation, register store temporary answer - Quick Access to Important stuff keep important things nearby, so computer can grab them fast. CPU = brain of computer system CPU Component ALU = performs arithmetic & Logical functions A & B Register hold the input data Accumulator = receive the result Instructions register = contains the instruction Instruction pointer decide what to do on output "Cache memory = faster than RAM MMU = manage data flow CPU Clock Control UniT = need to be synchronized RAM = store programs, data Addressing Mode - specifies how to calculate effective memory address Why? = enable the efficient execution of program literal What? = exact location of operand how to find the memory address Types of Addressing Mode Immediate operand is specified directly in instruction Direct specify operand in assembly language or machine-level programming Indirect access data stored in memory Spatial specific with reference to spatial memory location OpCode (Operation Code) tell cpu what action to perform Operand data or location in instruction Process Scheduler → mimics how os's scheduler manages execution process → responsible for allocating CPU time Scheduler Algorithm First Come, First Served (FCFS) - * process are execute in order they arrive in ready queue ・Shortest Job First (SJF) → manage process execution in way prioritize the shortest borst time... Round-Robin (RR) → manage the execution of process in fair and cyclic manner. CPU Simulation Area - show process currently executed Speed Control Slider - control the speed Enter Direct Threading - use in implementation of interpreter & virtual machine Key Concept Interpreter = read & execute instruction Instruction Pointer = hold the address of current instruction Threading = method of moving control tow Efficiency = improve performance Example of D.T -Virtual Machine, Interpreted Language, Embedded System Arrival time Burst Time → time process arrive time process required to complete Completion Time → " complete execution Turnaround Time total time spent, TT = Completion - Arrival Waiting time - spend waiting in queue, WT = Turnaround - Burst Performance Metric Average T.T= Sum of all T.T ÷ Number of Process Average W.T = Sum of all W.T ÷