Veterinary Anatomy & Physiology 6.pdf

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86 PO15662 ra Deppen AEIX) 6-3. OS0| HI9Dr, Deb (Urinary System Functions) |  87 lo nlerior Vena Cavo) (From Aorta) 44 Medulla) Cortex) Lelt Kidney) Rght Kidney) RHUreler) (Urinary Bladder) (Urethra) 16-4. B|7|| l }(urination) he(micturition)e} te. tA4|Hlöfol aurinary incontinence) ) o 6-5. 230| o AIH|ệt ARAIOR 4E 88 A1eAe Proslale Gland) Seminal Veslcle) wIBlodder) N idney) (Bulbourethral Gland) 2Ureler) (Vas Delerens) 831Glans Penis) HnKEpddymis) (Retractor Penis Muscle) 4LPrepuce (Sheath) s) 2E$(Urethral Proces 2E(Urethra) SScrolum) 8ADA Testicles) 16-7. 4stalion)9] H |7 los penis, 1 6-8), RE EZP, o] o l6-19| 7HEAŁ49|7š} 220| HolC l 796-8. yAAI 4H9 (Urinary System Functions)  l|6 B7|2| 89 NH2 NH3 NH2 29LIOKAmmonia) 2AUrea) HN H RAHUric Acid) 169. AHš39 7z Š7]|ł pH 43}E }. pH l pH Ho eleo, pH (carbon dioxide)2}öłoq g E. (Kidney Structures and Urine Formation and Regulation) }o7] l cortex), 4medulla), l 2 78Ę9) renal pelvis), R Tslo l. A | |7]4ealotelereatinine) , 90 A B | Cortex) +4Medulla) AZU, Hilun) (Pelvis) AH3L Major Calyx) Abi(3U Minor Calyx) gHUreter) Renal Pyramid) 196-10. A AZO| 7 B A APAKGlomerulus), ed Tubule) (Renal (Proximal Convolutl Corpuscle) (Bowman' s Capsule) ule) (Ellerent Arteriole) (Distal Convoluted Tub (Alferent Arteriole) (Collecling Duct) (interlobular Artery and Vein) (Alterent Arteriole) (Descending Limb ot the Loop of Henle) (Ascending Limb ol the Loop of Henle) 16-11. A1enephron) 7  6 H| 91 yBowman' s capsule)æ} 73| 4od 9lt Hq4uy 4 H 491proximal convoluted tubule)o| Hdistalconvoluted tubule) olozlt. e A PADO ecHil6-12). 92 Na' H.O HO (adosterone) (Amino Acids (Glucose) ADH Na' Na HO Na' Na' HO FCHVWilliam J. Bacha, PhD& Linda M., Bacha, MS, VMD A E| 2 1, o|relantidiuretic hormone, AD) (NH) l3o o}l pH 4Ł. l pH | et. folSe 0tdmastitis, ol 2ol4  6 H|7 |7| 93 E6-2. RZA intravenous) o0 Elz|, ng0| $ B 1,015-1,045 1.035-1,060 49hypertonic saline 4 lt. el4t 8mkg 20m40 20-30 09%2 5isotonic)o|tt, 44 body wt/day) 4}o49o g7|40R RASelHz\2 5,0-7,5 5,0-7.5 ph HAZ, renin angiotensin system)3t ö} I4-16 ). 344! o] | E &+c. zo2H}4 9e1.015~1,0450]}. 1.025 (Uine and Blood Evaluation) 9+t ö| | loRo|. o]} AKurinalysis), 1,500-2,000rpm954. 4e S8 (1l6-15). wlspecific gravity) AFE) 4EoH 144 u| yol z4ree catch urine)olo] 94 320 mumumuuu 310 300 290 280 270 260 Serum or Plasma Protein 250 240 GMS/100 ml 230 TIC PRIN Ratio 6.54 220 210 200 190 180 170 160 150 40 Refraction 1.035 130 (n-n,) X104 120 T/C 1.030 110 100 Urine 1.025 Specific Gravity B0 1.020 T/C 70 1.015 50 1.010 40 30 1.005 20 1.000 10 etcalcium oxalate), A4ammonium urate), 2o}14smagnesium ammonium phosphate(AE  95 eyturobilinogen) Eglucose) PNE(ketone) yebilirubin) gprotein) oblood) O|o|C. pH Ereference range)-9 = 1o]8oo lood leve) ) 4o| 7|5ött. Be 9t4tOgt. Eğt 4lNa, K", C.tbicarbonatel, Ca, PO)94zļö} At. % AMho A E Crystals Found in Acid Urine) Unc Acd (Brightekd) Cystine (Polanzed) Uric Acid (Polarizod) Tyrosine (Brightfiold) Leucine (Brightliold) Cystine (Brightield) A,. g E ECrystals oA Crystals Found in Alkaline Urine) Found in Acid, Neutral,and Alkaline Urine) Triple Phosphate Ammonium Urates Hippuric Acid Calcium Oxalate (Bighttield) (Brighttield) (Brightfield) (Brightfleld) AMO ZEE M(Cells Found in Urine) Renal Tubular and WBC RBCS WBCs Transitional Epithelial SquamOus Epithelial (Sedi-Stain) Renal Tubular AZEE A PlBCasts and Artifacts Found in Urine) Granular Hyaline WBC Casts RBC Casts AMOAIEIE MZ, 1z, 1Bacteria, Fungi, Parasites Found in Urine) Bacteria Yeast Trichomonas Vaginalis 6-15. AMOA E48 7z RBC = 4red blood cel), WBC = while blocd cel) 2OClinical Practice)  A68 H|J|7| 97 114 65-120 mg/dl 48ol. 229 6-24 mg/dl 19,7 0.4-1,4 mg/di Nat 144 140-151 mEq/L K 5.7 3.4-5,4 mEq/L Ct 95 105-120 MEq/L 12 15-28 mEq/L l44Sacute, | ) chronic, 2|l 233 110-314 mg/dl 0. 0,0-0.4 mg/dl 66 5,2-7.2 g/di 3.2 2.4-4,3 g/dl 34 0,9-4,0 g/dl Cat 11,9 7.9-120 mg/dl 24,1 21-6,8 mg/dl "mg/di = milligrams per deciliter: mEg/L= miliequivalent per liter: g/dl = grams per decililer. Numbers highlighted in red are above the normal relerence range. Numbers in blue fall below the normal relerence range. Arenal) N postrenal) 8! 98 e4↑ A. ABUN), aeotel. llphosphorus)o| 9o n|4 13E(Skin turgor) |0 tuu EX kg) x 1,000 = }|8m) = 20kg x 6% X 1,000 =20 x 0.06 x 1000 =1200m! 8=5Oml/kg/day X 20kg 8=1,000m@ #6-6. A9 67 E0| So, 8, HE9|l2}| rt. 89 1012  99 lR| l R=1,200m@ + 1,000m l A=2,200m@ 29KSummary) 4Review Questions) u intravenous) |4 3E(skin turgor) +bucks) AKurinalysis) isotonic) gdose) Hspecific gravity) 5ldorsal) refractometer) retro) z}free catch urine) 3, }E] }oZ| Aurinary incontinence) azotemia) H4/84àspayed) o(parvovirus) B}/l(ventral) Auremia) serum) Hsacute) gout) Schronic) mastitis) löHsubcutaneous) 100 1, B|mReo 12, H|3r.7|2|. 6992 13, 9943}4|9, 9, ASR Aloe9 , 14, pH343}|2 NNAActivity) Chl}(kg = 2,205lb, loz = 29,57 m@) 49 8öo Aa CE-69-5830(Carolina Supply) 9° 100m olol a] g o4lo2||Hhydrometer) E)öł 2, 100ml 17| |) 172