Unit4.pdf

Careers in the Digital Era Unit 4  Careers in ICT: Trends and Future Outlook High Demand: ICT careers are crucial across all sectors (public, private, and various industries). Growth Expectation: The need for ICT professionals is projected to increase significantly. Technological E...

Careers in the Digital Era Unit 4  Careers in ICT: Trends and Future Outlook High Demand: ICT careers are crucial across all sectors (public, private, and various industries). Growth Expectation: The need for ICT professionals is projected to increase significantly. Technological Evolution: Constant tech advancements may replace some jobs and reduce the importance of others. Continuous Development: Professionals must adapt and develop skills to stay relevant and effective in a changing technology landscape. 01 Careers in Information and Communication Technology  Careers in Information and Communication Technology Careers in information and communication technology vary based on expertise, roles, duties, and responsibilities. Related job positions can be categorized into three groups as follows: Computer Network Professionals Are responsible for analyzing, developing, improving, maintaining, and troubleshooting various network systems. They also monitor their security and efficiency.  Careers in Information and Communication Technology ICT Security Specialists are responsible for researching, analyzing, monitoring, and assessing the security of information systems. They ensure the stability and efficiency of these systems and address issues related to information and communication technology security.  Careers in Information and Communication Technology Data Scientists are responsible for analyzing and managing large volumes of data using mathematical tools, statistics, and programming.  Careers in Information and Communication Technology Programmers are responsible for designing and developing computer programs to meet specified requirements and respond to user needs. They may be referred to by different titles depending on their specific work, such as mobile developers, pro-gamers, and web developers.  Careers in Information and Communication Technology Test Analysts are responsible for supporting and testing information systems to identify weaknesses and defects.  Careers in Information and Communication Technology System Administrators are responsible for managing computer systems, including installing, configuring, and maintaining hardware, software, and network systems.  Careers in Information and Communication Technology IT Trainers are responsible for designing training programs and evaluating the effectiveness of the training in meeting its objectives.  Careers in Information and Communication Technology ICT Managers are responsible for supporting policies and management plans related to information and communication technology, aimed at advancing organizational development.  Careers in Information and Communication Technology Database Administrators (DBA) are responsible for developing and maintaining database systems and software. They optimize database performance, perform data backups and recovery, and monitor and troubleshoot database- related issues.  Careers in Information and Communication Technology IT Support Technicians are responsible for providing guidance, analyzing, and troubleshooting issues related to information technology, including hardware, software, networks, and other devices.  Careers in Information and Communication Technology Chief Information Officers (CIOs) are responsible for setting standards, regulations, structures, budgets, and developing information technology personnel. They provide advice to the organization's top executive, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), to establish policies and objectives for implementing information technology in organizational management to achieve success according to the organization's vision. 02 Technological Changes in Society and Careers  Accelerating Technological Change Historical Context: Waking up after 10 years in the past showed gradual changes. Today’s Pace: A 10-year absence now could reveal rapid and significant transformations. Examples: Recent tech shifts include the decline of physical media like CDs and DVDs, the obsolescence of floppy disks, and the replacement of typewriters with digital keyboards. Cloud storage and streaming services have largely taken over, while new technologies like blockchain and AI are redefining how we store, share, and process information.  Technological Advancements: Profoundly impact human life and societal progress Drive major changes in production, industry, and the global economy  Industrial Revolutions: Was a period of significant economic, technological, and social change that began in the late 18th century and continued into the 19th century. It started in Great Britain and gradually spread to other parts of the world.  Industrial Revolutions: Large-scale transformations reshaping lifestyles and work practices Each revolution brings significant changes to technology and industry  Before Industrial Revolution Ancient Times: Survival through hunting and gathering Agricultural Revolution: Stable food supply via farming and animal husbandry. Improved living conditions This improvement in lifestyle resulted in population growth, which led to the establishment of cities and the development of complex human resource management systems known as governance.  Industrial Revolutions: The First Industrial Revolution Occurred due to the invention of the steam engine, which provided mechanical power. This led to new methods of production and more efficient transportation.  Industrial Revolutions: The Second Industrial Revolution was driven by the generation of electrical power, which made energy transmission more convenient. This led to the development of more efficient production systems.  Industrial Revolutions: The Third Industrial Revolution was driven by the power of data processing through computers, reducing repetitive tasks and increasing work efficiency.  Industrial Revolutions: The Fourth Industrial Revolution is marked by more profound and intense changes than previous ones. Key technologies driving this transformation include artificial intelligence, medical technology, robotics, and materials technology.  Fun Fact: Microprocessor Chip Often simply called a microprocessor, is an integrated circuit that contains the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer. It acts as the brain of the computer, performing the basic arithmetic, logic, control, and input/output operations specified by the instructions in the program.  Exponential Increase in Computing Power: Observation by Gordon Moore (1965) The number of transistors on a microprocessor chip doubles approximately every two years This phenomenon is known as Moore's Law Exponential Increase in Computing Power: Observation by Gordon Moore (1965)  Exponential Increase in Computing Power: Effects of Exponential Improvement Short-term effects may be minimal Significant changes and advancements over time  Exponential Increase in Computing Power: Impact on Computational Limits Modern computers challenge previous assumptions about computational limits Capable of learning and recognizing patterns as effectively or better than humans  Impact of Innovation Development: Increased Performance of Processing Units Increased Performance of Processing Units: Enhances overall technology capabilities Ripple Effect of Innovations: Development of one innovation affects others, especially in design and manufacturing  Impact of Innovation Development: Example Speeds up prototype creation Reduces costs Enables more idea testing Accelerates overall technology development 03 Impact of Technology on Careers  Impact of Technology on Careers: Technological Impact Robotics, automation, and AI can replace human labor Affects various careers  Impact of Technology on Careers: Jobs at Risk Repetitive Tasks: Clerical work, Driving Low Complexity: Jobs do not require complex decision- making Advanced Skills at Risk: AI advancements may impact even specialized roles  Impact of Technology on Careers: Factors Identified (2017) Andrew McAfee and Erik Brynjolfsson Characteristics to evaluate job replacement risk  Impact of Technology on Careers: Characteristics to Evaluate Job Replacement Risk Dull and Repetitive: These are tasks that automation systems can easily replace. Dirty and Difficult: These jobs are often those that humans dislike and try to avoid. High Paying: Replacing these jobs with automation systems requires a significant investment. Therefore, jobs that do not generate high revenue are less likely to be targeted for automation. Dangerous: Jobs that are hazardous and pose risks to human safety, or where performing the tasks would be dangerous to life, are often replaced by automation.  Impact of Technology on Careers: Teacher Profession Repetitive Tasks: Content delivery can be replaced by automation Beyond Content Delivery: Fostering student collaboration Inspiring and encouraging students Other roles beyond transmitting knowledge AI Challenges: These skills are difficult for AI to replicate Teaching profession harder to replace  Impact of Technology on Careers: Medical Profession AI in Diagnosis: AI systems can recognize patterns in medical images Provides diagnoses with accuracy comparable to specialists Potential for Replacement: This aspect of the profession is susceptible to automation High-Skill, High-Reward Job: High-level skills required but also high-reward Makes the profession a target for automation  Impact of Technology on Careers: Songwriting Profession Creative but Susceptible: Songwriting is highly creative but still at risk of automation High-Reward Job: Being a high-reward profession makes it a potential target for replacement AI in Music Composition: Computer programs can now compose music indistinguishable from human creations  Fun Fact: PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) one of the largest professional services networks in the world. It provides a range of services to businesses and organizations, including: Audit and Assurance Services, Consulting Services, Tax Services, Advisory Services, Forensic Services, and Legal Services.  Impact of Technology on Careers: Analysis of Future Careers by PwC UK Predictions: 20% of jobs likely replaced by automation New job creation rate expected to be nearly equivalent China Predictions: 26% of jobs may be replaced by automation 38% of new positions to be created, leading to a net job increase Sector Breakdown: Healthcare: Significant increase in new positions Retail, Wholesale, Administrative Roles: Jobs lost and created will balance out 04 Working with Machines and Automation Systems  Working with Machines and Automation Systems Human-Machine Collaboration: Common Misconception: Many fear robots and AI will replace human jobs completely. Likely Outcome: Collaboration between humans and machines is more probable. AI's Evolving Role: AI will shift from executing commands to being collaborative partners offering input. Human Role Transition:Humans will move from sole decision-makers to collaborators using judgment and oversight. Human Advantage:Humans have superior flexibility and precision in tasks requiring sensory and mechanical skills, such as hand-based work.  Working with Machines and Automation Systems In the future, humans will collaborate more with robots and AI, shifting from being sole decision-makers. In 2018, Paul Daugherty and James Wilson identified new professions emerging from this collaboration.  Working with Machines and Automation Systems: Human-Machine Collaboration in Future Professions Trainers: Train robots and AI systems to perform tasks. Provide advice or evaluate AI performance for improvement. Create training examples for machine learning systems.  Working with Machines and Automation Systems: Human-Machine Collaboration in Future Professions Explainers: Act as intermediaries between users and complex computer systems. Offer explanations and consultations in fields like healthcare, finance, and risk analysis. Sustainers: Maintain AI systems and robots. Ensure data quality, perform repairs, and verify system performance standards.  Activity: Jobs That Are Being Replaced 1. Jobs That Are Being Replaced and New Jobs Emerging Ask at least 2 friends what career they want to pursue. Analyze the careers they mention. Identify which parts of these jobs might be replaced by technology and how they might be replaced. Provide recommendations on how to prepare or adapt to be able to pursue the desired career. 2. Some jobs may disappear due to technological advancements. Consider what new jobs might emerge as a result of technological progress. What would these new jobs involve? Estimate the demand for these new positions compared to the demand for the jobs that might disappear. Will there be more or fewer job opportunities in the new roles compared to the disappearing ones? Save and submit your output using the file name format “Activity#_nickname_classnumber.pdf” THE END