LEC 1+2+3-2023-Anesthesia Techniques-PDF

‫قسم تقنيات التخدير‬ ‫فسلجة‬ ‫‪lec 1+2+3‬‬ ‫املرحلة الثانية‬ ‫اس تاذ املادة‬ ‫د‪.‬فرح امحد‬ ‫‪dijlah_library‬‬ ‫‪dijlah12345‬‬ ‫‪1250‬‬ ‫‪2023‬‬  ACID-BASE PHYSIOLOG...

‫قسم تقنيات التخدير‬ ‫فسلجة‬ ‫‪lec 1+2+3‬‬ ‫املرحلة الثانية‬ ‫اس تاذ املادة‬ ‫د‪.‬فرح امحد‬ ‫‪dijlah_library‬‬ ‫‪dijlah12345‬‬ ‫‪1250‬‬ ‫‪2023‬‬  ACID-BASE PHYSIOLOGY &ANESTHESIA DR.Farah Altaay Introduction  An acid is a hydrogen ion donor, and a substance which causes a rise in H+ concentration when added to water. -  A base is a hydrogen ion acceptor, and a substance which causes a rise in OH concentration when added to water.  Strength of acids or bases refers to their ability to donate and accept H+ ions respectively.  When hydrochloric acid HCl is dissolved in water all or almost all of the H in the acid is released as H+.  When lactic acid is dissolved in water a considerable quantity remains as lactic acid molecules.  Lactic acid is, therefore, said to be a weaker acid than hydrochloric acid, but it is stronger than Carbonic acid H2CO3.  A buffer solution is one in which the pH changes less when an acid or base is added than would have occurred in a non-buffer solution. Importance of acid-base balance +  The hydrogen ion (H ) concentration must be maintained within a narrow physiological range.  Hydrogen ion concentration is most commonly expressed as pH (= negative + logarithm of the H concentration).  Small changes of pH from normal can produce marked changes in enzyme activity & chemical reactions within the body.  Acidosis - CNS depression, coma (if severely acidotic, i.e., pH 45 respiratory PaCO2? acidosis