GP High Yield Sheet PDF RCSI Class of 2023

GP High Yield Sheet – Dr. Manar AlMansoor (RCSI Class of 2023) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • child/pregnant/hematuria/abnormal renal function and tract/suspecting pyelonephritis/catheterized/recurrent/no improvement. How can we prevent recurrent cystitis? o General advice: increase fluid intake...

GP High Yield Sheet – Dr. Manar AlMansoor (RCSI Class of 2023) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • child/pregnant/hematuria/abnormal renal function and tract/suspecting pyelonephritis/catheterized/recurrent/no improvement. How can we prevent recurrent cystitis? o General advice: increase fluid intake, urinate frequently, double voiding, voiding after intercourse. o PPx abx: nitrofurantoin post-coitally, nitrofurantoin or trimethoprim if continuously. o Men with BPH: finasteride/dutasteride and/or doxazosin. o HRT: topical estrogen in females of all ages. ALSO HELPS WITH CERTAIN MENOPAUSAL SYMPTOMS What are the presenting features and treatment of pyelonephritis? Fever, rigors, malaise, loin or flank pain, renal angle tenderness. Treated with ciprofloxacin for 7 days. What is another name for athletes’ foot and causative organism? Tinea pedis, caused by dermatophyte fungus. N.B. this fungus thrives in warm and humid conditions and most commonly occurs in young men. How would you describe BCC? Pearly shiny nodule, smooth surface, rolled edges, has central depression or ulceration. What is the systematic approach to pigmented lesions? ABCDE! A for asymmetry, B for irregular borders, C for two or more colors within the lesion, D for diameter >6mm, E for evolving. How can we manage skin tags? No treatment, removal by excision, removal by cryotherapy. Describe a sebaceous cyst and how can we treat it? Mobile nodule with a central punctum. Treated by excision and the whole cyst wall must be excised. What are the most common non-cancerous skin growths in older adults? Seborrheic keratosis. They can be treated by surgical excision or cryotherapy. What are the treatment options available for actinic keratosis? Cryotherapy, curettage and cautery, topical 5-FU or 3% diclofenac gel. THIS IS A PRE-MALIGNANT CONDITION What is the management for malignant melanoma? Surgical excision, radiotherapy, chemotherapy for metastatic disease. MUST REFER TO DERMATOLOGY What are the types of BCC and what is the commonest one? Nodular, superficial, pigmented, morphoeic. Nodular BCC is commonest. What are the areas affected in atopic dermatitis? Face and extensor aspects of limbs in infants, flexor aspects of limbs in children and adults. PLAQUE PSORIASIS TYPICALLY AFFECTS EXTENSOR SURFACES How can we manage atopic dermatitis? Emollients, topical steroids for flare ups, topical immunomodulators such as tacrolimus, phototherapy if severe and non-responding. How can we treat venous eczema? Elevate legs, supportive stockings, weight loss, emollients, topical steroids. What is the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis? Ketoconazole shampoo, topical keratolytics e.g., salicylic acid and steroids. What is the treatment for mild acne? Benzoyl peroxide/clindamycin i.e., topical duac and topical retinoids SUCH AS DIFFERIN. GENERALLY TOPICAL TX