Publication in Academia - 7 Lec - PDF

Publication What is publication in academia? In academia, the term "publication" refers to the process of disseminating new knowledge, research findings, or scholarly work to the broader academic community and often to the public. This is typically achieved through various types of documents, such a...

Publication What is publication in academia? In academia, the term "publication" refers to the process of disseminating new knowledge, research findings, or scholarly work to the broader academic community and often to the public. This is typically achieved through various types of documents, such as research articles, review papers, books, conference proceedings, and theses, which are made available via academic journals, books, or digital platforms. Aims of Academic Publication - Dissemination of Knowledge: Share new research findings, theories, and analyses with the scholarly community and sometimes the public. Peer Review and Validation: Subject research to scrutiny by other experts in the field, ensuring quality and credibility. Academic Record: Establish a permanent record of scholarly work and contributions to a field. Professional Recognition: Aid in career advancement, grant funding, and establishing authority in a field. Facilitating Collaboration: Connect researchers with similar interests, fostering collaboration and further research. Advancing the Field: Contribute to the body of knowledge in a particular discipline. Innovating and Challenging: Introduce new ideas, methodologies, or challenge existing paradigms. Educating Peers and Students: Serve as a resource for teaching and learning within the academic community. Public Engagement: Inform and engage the public on scientific, cultural, and societal issues. Accuracy and Integrity: Ensure that the research is accurate, ethical, and responsible. Comprehensiveness: Cover the research topic thoroughly, including background, methodology, results, and implications. Accessibility: Make the research accessible to a wide audience, considering language, publication mediums, and open access options. Originality: Present novel findings or interpretations not previously published. Build your academic profile and establish your reputation Communicate new knowledge and increase the impact and visibility of your research Register your research results, the time frame and who conducted the research Preserve a record of your research for the long term Publication Process Research Conduct: Perform studies, experiments, or theoretical analyses. Manuscript Preparation: Write the research paper, including abstract, introduction, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion. Submission to Journal: Choose an appropriate academic journal and submit the manuscript for consideration. Peer Review: Undergo a review process where experts in the field assess the quality, validity, and relevance of the work. Revisions: Make necessary revisions based on peer review feedback. Acceptance and Publication: Once accepted, the paper is published in the journal, either online, in print, or both. Post-Publication: Engage with the academic community through discussions, citations, and sometimes media outreach. Types of Academic Publications - Research Articles: Detailed reports of original research findings. Review Articles: Summarize and synthesize existing research on a particular topic. Conference Papers: Presentations of research findings at academic conferences, often published in conference proceedings. Books and Book Chapters: In-depth exploration of a specific topic, often more comprehensive than journal articles. Theses and Dissertations: Detailed research reports submitted as part of a degree requirement. Technical Reports: Detailed accounts of project findings, often more technical and less formal than journal articles. Opinion Pieces and Commentaries: Provide personal or expert opinions on current research topics or developments. Each type of publication has its specific format, audience, and purpose within the academic community. The choice of publication type often depends on the nature of the research, the target audience, and the academic discipline. Publishing in scholarly journals Scholarly journals: A scholarly journal publishes high-quality academic or scholarly content that includes original research articles, written by researchers and experts in a particular academic discipline. Generally, scholarly journals follow the peer review process where manuscripts submitted for publication are evaluated by editors and selected experts (peers). How to know scholarly journal? One method is to check Ulrichsweb to determine the peer review status of the journal. Also check that the journal:       is not a potential unethical publisher has a list of editorial board members in the inside front cover or first few pages of an individual issue has information for authors regarding the peer review process publishes articles that offer new theories, report primary results of original research in an academic field, or summarise previous research articles include the source of information, such as author/date references in the text, footnotes or bibliographies articles include the name and academic affiliation of the author at the beginning or end of the article. Articles in an academic journal are never anonymous. Choosing a journal Consider: journal quality, publisher reputation and practices and relevance to your topic. The writing process What to publish Check the scope and focus of the journal you want to publish in to avoid a "desk rejection". The scope and focus can usually be found in the Instructions for authors or “About this journal” sections. There are a range of article types that you can write: - - - Literature reviews provide an overview of the published work in a particular field. A literature review can be part of a larger study or may stand alone as a research effort in its own right. Research articles describe and analyse data from a research project and are used in social science, humanities, and science disciplines. They can be written at various stages in the research process, providing you have appropriate data to comment upon. Empirical studies describe the results of an experiment or controlled study. - - - - A case analysis presents the significant details of a practical situation and discusses its challenges, outcomes and implications. This type of article may be produced in medical/clinical practice, business and law. Book reviews present a critique of a recently published book. The book review author should seek to evaluate, as well as provide an opinion and insight into the content. Systematic reviews summarise research evidence that addresses a particular question. A systematic review should identify all relevant published and unpublished evidence and interpret and assess the quality of each study. Systematic reviews are often used in the medical disciplines. Theoretical analyses are used in the humanities, social sciences and business management. This type of article reviews and advances theory by tracing the development of a theory and then proposing a new theory, criticising errors in the old theory or suggesting that one theory is better than another. Response articles respond to a previously published article, providing a critical evaluation of the research presented in one paper. Response articles may confirm, contradict or expand upon an author's argument. Formatting publications for submission Instructions for authors: Journals expect material to be submitted according to their preferred style. These can vary greatly from publisher to publisher. This information is usually included in the “Instructions for Authors” on publisher websites. Writing and formatting, Referencing Check the journal's Instructions for Authors to determine the publications preferred writing and referencing style. Referencing software You can use EndNote or other referencing software to produce references formatted in the correct style. Referencing software can produce the same references in many different styles. Article length Journals set their own requirements for article length. This information can usually be found in the Instructions for Authors. For example, the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology presents the following guidelines:     Reviews and original articles — 3,000 to 5,000 words Letters — 500 words Brief reports — 1,500 words Commentaries — 2,500 words. Author responsibilities Responsible research     substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content final approval of the version to be published agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. Editorial policies of publishers Publishers of scholarly journals are updating their editorial policies around the use of AI tools. Review the publisher’s authorship policy for any journal you are submitting to before including AI-generated content in your paper.   Some publishers consider any use of generative AI tools in your submission to be misconduct. Others may limit its use to specific sections of a work such as the Methodology or Acknowledgements. Publishers generally do not permit AI tools to be listed as an author to ensure accountability for the content and the integrity of the work. How to acknowledge AI-generated content You should always acknowledge sources, including any content from generative AI tools. Refer to Cite ChatGPT and other generative AI tools for examples. Submitting your manuscript Before you submit, make sure to: 1. Thoroughly proofread your article or use a proofreading service 2. Check that you have met the instructions to authors 3. Publish with your ORCID iD 4. Use the correct format for your affiliation. Online submission process When you submit your manuscript online you will usually need: 1. To register with the online submission system 2. Your submission prepared based on the required format and style in the instructions to authors. The elements may include - cover letter, title page, abstract, manuscript, supplemental material, research data details, tables, graphs, charts, and other illustrations 3. The title within the character limit and subtitle (if any) 4. Author details, including middle initial and affiliation (often an email address and abbreviated qualifications for each author is required). 5. Details about any conflict of interest, prior publication and institutional review board approval. Peer review The process of peer review is undertaken by the majority of scholarly journals and is a means by which the journal can ensure that it publishes articles of a high academic standard. Editorial review If accepted for editorial review, your manuscript will be read, edited and returned to you several times in order to ensure that it meets the submission requirements of the journal. It is most often a requirement that the work be original. The Editorial process is about the management of journal content. Details about the editorial process, often available on a journal's website, are worth examining before submitting your article. Often included in the process are the: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Roles of the editor-in-chief and associate editors Names of editorial board members Details about the reviewing process Timelines for screening manuscripts Appeal options. Rejection can be a very useful learning process, helping you to improve your work. You are required to address all comments and suggestions made during the peer review and editorial process and provide justification for your decisions. The Copyeditor makes suggestions and revisions to ensure that the paper is written in the official journal style. Journal editors select subject experts to review and evaluate submitted manuscripts before accepting (or rejecting) them for publication. Authors are required to respond to feedback provided by peer reviewers and manuscripts must pass the peer review process in order to be published. Responding to peer review feedback Reviewers usually propose one of the following:   Acceptance of a manuscript or a proposal Acceptance on condition that the author improves it in certain ways   Rejection, but also encouragement to revise the manuscript and resubmit it Outright rejection. The comments made by peer reviewers are not requirements, but suggestions. You need to decide which points you want to act upon. However, each suggestion should be acknowledged and justification provided for their acceptance or rejection. Identifying reputable open access journals To assess an open access journal you're considering publishing in, check:       DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals): a directory that indexes high quality, open access, peer-reviewed journals Ulrichsweb: for the peer-review status of a journal and journal history if the journal is indexed in the major databases, such as PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science the Impact Factor and Quartile using Journal Citation Reports the journal website to confirm accurate contact information (including postal address) and transparent peer review guidelines the editorial board to confirm that their affiliation is legitimate. Vanity publishing Vanity publishers are publishers that will charge the author a fee for publishing a book. Vanity publishers do not get their money from selling the book, but rather from selling the book production services to the author. Vanity publishers often target early career researchers who are seeking publishing opportunities or may offer to publish your thesis. Book publishing Whether you are writing, or thinking of writing, a book (monograph), a textbook or turning your thesis into a book, there are some important considerations to think about before you start.  Do you own the rights to publish your research or textbook? o If you wrote the material with co-authors you will need to seek their permission as all co-authors will share copyright o If you have included third-party copyright material you will need to seek the permission from the copyright owner  Are there any restrictions or conditions on publishing your work? o Check if any of the material is commercial-in-confidence o Check your funding or research agreement for:  conditions on publishing the results of your research via an open access repository  restrictions or requirements on how and when you publish your research. Choosing and assessing a publisher Choose a publisher that is well regarded in your discipline, aligns with the topic of your book and will enhance your academic career. Make sure you investigate and assess potential publishers before making any commitment.