Infectious Diseases - Intestinal Diseases PDF
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This document provides information on infectious diseases affecting the intestines in children. It covers the etiology, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of these conditions, including details like common pathogens, systemic findings, and laboratory tests.
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Paediatrics Updated: Feb 2023 INFECTIOUS DISEASES INTESTINAL DISEASES ETIOLOGY CLINIC DIAGNOSIS Most common...
Paediatrics Updated: Feb 2023 INFECTIOUS DISEASES INTESTINAL DISEASES ETIOLOGY CLINIC DIAGNOSIS Most common Acute onset: Lab: Rotavirus Systemic findings: CNS involvement: o WBC, Absolute band count Most common bacterial o Fever o Irritability o CRP o Lethargy o Apathy o Electrolytes Salmonella, o Abdominal pain (spastic o Seizures, coma o BUN, creatinine Campylobacter. ,tenesmus ) o PH Dehydration: Other: Vomiting o capillary refill time o Yersinia Diarrhea Bacterial o abnormal skin turgor Urinalysis specific gravity for o Shigella o Blood o abnormal respiratory pattern indicator of dehydration o Norovirus o Mucus o urine output o Adenovirus Respiratory symptoms Viral Stool specimen: is done when o Rhinorrhea colitis in response to bacteria is o EPEC/ETEC E.coli o Cough suspected o Leukocytes EPIDEMIOLOGY o Blood Viral vs. Bacterial Specific signs/symptoms for common pathogens 1. Oral- fecal route (food, o Mucus water, contact) Viral pathogen Salmonella Green stool with mucus Vomiting and respiratory Campylobacter Blood on day 3-4 Stool culture if: 2. Children attending day symptoms o Persistent diarrhea care centers have risk Yersinnia Non-specific rash o When intestinal infection 3. There is evidence that Bacterial pathogen Shigella Stool with blood and must be excluded breast feeding risk of GI High fever >40C, blood in mucus o In case of outbreak infections. stool, abdominal pain Rotavirus Watery diarrhoea with and CNS involvement (Winter diarrhea) vomiting & resp. Specific diagnosis: symptoms o Viral Ag ELISA, PCR Norovirus More vomiting than o IgM Y.enteritidis (Winter vomiting) diarrhoea o Toxins of E.coli, clostridium difficile Paediatrics Updated: Feb 2023 TREATMENT Most infectious causes of diarrhea in children are self-limiting. However, there is some treatments you can give: 1. Antibiotics it used in severe 2. Oral hydration 3. Smecta invasive bacterial diarrhea Hydration Rehydration therapy Replacement of Diet Smecta is a natural hydrated losses nutrition aluminum magnesium silicate Empirical: TMP-SMX (PO) / that binds to digestive mucus Minimal Not needed
