100 Organic Chemistry Practice Questions

## ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - IUPAC NOMENCLATURE Questions **By: Shourya Grover Ma'am** ### IUPAC NOMENCLATURE - The IUPAC name of an organic compound is based on the following: 1. **Parent chain:** Longest continuous carbon chain 2. **Functional group:** The main group that determines the compo...

## ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - IUPAC NOMENCLATURE Questions **By: Shourya Grover Ma'am** ### IUPAC NOMENCLATURE - The IUPAC name of an organic compound is based on the following: 1. **Parent chain:** Longest continuous carbon chain 2. **Functional group:** The main group that determines the compound's properties 3. **Substituents:** Any groups attached to the parent chain 4. **Position of substituents:** Where are the substituents attached to the chain 5. **Prefixes:** For substituents or for multiple bonds in a chain 6. **Suffixes:** For functional groups and for types of chains - The IUPAC name of an organic compound can be broken down into four parts: 1. **2° prefix :** This part indicates the number of carbon atoms attached to the carbon atom that is connected to the functional group 2. **1° prefix :** This part indicates the number of carbon atoms attached to the carbon atom that is connected to the functional group 3. **WORD root :** This part indicates the number of carbon atoms in the longest continuous chain 4. **1° suffix :** This part indicates the type of functional group present in the compound 5. **2° suffix :** This part indicates the type of bond present in the compound - **Some important points to remember:** - **Root word**: - C₁ = meth - C₂ = eth - C₃ = prop - C₄ = but - C₅ = pent - C₆ = hex - C₇ = hept - C₈ = oct - C₉ = non - C₁₀ = dec - C₁₁ = undec - C₁₂ = dodec - C₁₃ = tridec - C₁₄ = tetradec - C₁₅ = pentadec - C₁₆ = hexadec - **Suffix for alkanes:** "-ane" - **Suffix for alkenes:** "-ene" - **Suffix for alkynes:** "-yne" ### Questions - **1.** CH₄ - **2.** CH₃CH₃ - **3.** CH₃CH₂CH₃ - **4.** CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃ - **5.** CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃ - **6.** CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃ - **7.** CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃ - **8.** CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃ - **9.** CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃ - **10.** CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃ - **11.** CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃ - **12.** CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃ - **13.** **Diagram**: A triangle with numbers 1, 2, and 3 at the vertices. - **14.** **Diagram**: A square with number 1,2,3, and 4 at the vertices - **15.** **Diagram:** A pentagon with numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 at the vertices. - **16.** **Diagram:** A hexagon with numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 at the vertices. - **17.** **Diagram:** A heptagon with numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 at the vertices. - **18.** **Diagram:** A octagon with numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ,6, 7, and 8 at the vertices. - **19.** CH₂=CH₂ - **20.** CH₃CH=CH₂ - **21.** CH₃CHCH=CH₂ - **22.** CH₃CH=CHCH₃ - **23.** CH≡CH - **24.** CH₃C≡CH - **25.** CH₃CH₂C≡CH - **26.** CH₃C≡CCH₃ - **27.** **Diagram:** A chain of four carbons, with a methyl group attached to the second carbon atom. - **28.** **Diagram:** A chain of four carbons, with two methyl groups attached to the second carbon atom. - **29.** **Diagram:** A chain of four carbons, with a methyl group attached to the second and third carbon atom. - **30.** **Diagram:** A chain of three carbons, with two methyl groups attached to the second carbon atom. - **31.** **Diagram:** A chain of four carbons, with a double bond between the first and the second carbon atom, and a methyl group attached to the third carbon atom. - **32.** **Diagram:** A five-carbon chain, with a double bond between the first and the second carbon atom, and a methyl group attached to the third carbon atom. - **33.** **Diagram** A five-carbon chain with a triple bond between the first and the second carbon atoms. - **34.** **Diagram:** A four-carbon chain, with a triple bond between the second and third carbon atoms, and a methyl group attached to the third carbon atom. - **35.** CH₃CHCH₂CH₂CH₃ - **36.** **Diagram:** An eight-carbon chain, with a methyl group attached to the second and fifth carbon atoms, and two methyl groupsattached to the third carbon atom. - **37.** **Diagram:** A five-carbon chain, with a methyl group attached to the third carbon atom, and an ethyl group attached to the second carbon atom. - **38.** **Diagram:** An eight-carbon chain with two methyl groups attached to the third carbon atom, and an ethyl group attached to thesixth carbon atom. - **39.** **Diagram:** A five-carbon chain with a methyl group attached to the second and third carbon atoms, and an ethyl group attached to thefourth carbon atom. - **40.** CH₃CH₂CH₂CHCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃ - **41.** **Diagram:** A chain of eight carbon atoms, with an ethyl group attached to the fourth carbon atom, - **42.** **Diagram:** A chain of eight carbon atoms, with a propyl group attached to the fourth carbon atom. - **43.** **Diagram:** A chain of six carbon atoms, with a methyl group attached to the second carbon atom and an etyl group attached to thethird carbon atom. - **44.** **Diagram:** A chain of five carbon atoms, with a methyl group attached to the second carbon atom. - **45.** **Diagram:** A chain of five carbon atoms, with a methyl group attached to the second and fourth carbon atoms. - **46.** **Diagram:** A chain of fiv carbon atoms with a methyl group attached to the second and fourth carbon atoms, and a methyl group attached to thethird carbon atom. - **47.** **Diagram:** A cyclohexane with a methyl group attached to the first, first, and second carbon atoms. - **48.** **Diagram:** A cyclohexane with a bromo group attached to the second carbon atom, and a chlorine group attached to the first carbon atom. - **49.** **Diagram:** A chain of four carbon atoms, with a bromo group attached to the fourth carbon atom, and a chlorine group attached to thethird carbon atom. - **50.** **Diagram:** A five-carbon chain with a bromo group attached to the third carbon and a methyl group attached to the second carbon atom. - **51.** **Diagram:** A seven-carbon chain with an ethyl group attached to the fifth carbon atom, and a methyl group attached to thethird, fourth and fifth carbon atoms. - **52.** **Diagram:** An eight-carbon chain with two ethyl groups attached to the third and sixth carbon atoms, and a methyl group attached to thethird carbon atom. - **53.** **Diagram:** A ten-carbon chain with three ethyl groups attached to the third, third, and sixth carbon atom, and a methyl group attachedto the seventh carbon atom. - **54.** **Diagram:** A six-carbon chain with two ethyl groups attached to the third carbon atom and two methyl groups attached to the fourthcarbon atom. - **55.** **Diagram:** A ten-carbon chain with a methyl group attached to the eighth carbon atom. - **56.** **Diagram:** A nine-carbon chain with a 1,2-dimethyl propyl group attached to the fifth carbon atom. - **57.** **Diagram:** A chain of eight carbon atoms. - **58.** **Diagram:** A chain of seven carbon atoms, with a double bond between the first and second carbon atom, and between the fourth andfifth carbon atoms, and a propyl group attached to the third carbon atom. - **59.** **Diagram:** A seven-carbon chain with two methyl groups attached to the fourth and sixth carbon atoms, and a double bond between thesecond and third carbon atoms. - **60.** **Diagram:** A six-carbon chain with a triple bond between the second and third carbon atoms, and a methyl group attached to thefifth carbon atom. - **61.** **Diagram:** A chain of four carbon atoms with two CH₃ groups attached to the second carbon atom and a double bond between the secondand third carbon atom - **62.** **Diagram:** A chain of six carbon atoms with a double bond between the third and fourth carbon atoms and a double bond between thefifth and sixth carbon atoms, with a methyl group attached to the fifth carbon atom. - **63.** **Diagram:** A chain of five carbon atoms with a triple bond between the first and second carbon atoms and a triple bond between thefourth and fifth carbon atoms, with a methyl group attached to the third carbon atom. - **64.** **Diagram:** A chain of seven carbon atoms with a propyl group attached to the fourth carbon and a double bond between the first andsecond carbon atoms and between the fourth and fifth carbon atoms. - **65.** **Diagram:** A chain of seven carbon atoms with a propyl group attached to the fourth carbon atom, and methyl groups attached to thesecond and fifth carbon atoms. - **66.** **Diagram:** A cyclopentane ring with a methyl group attached to the first carbon atom. - **67.** **Diagram:** A cyclobutane ring attached to the first carbon atom of a propyl group. - **68.** **Diagram:** A cyclopentane ring with a methyl group attached to the first carbon atom. - **69.** **Diagram:** A cyclohexane ring with an ethyl group attached to the first carbon atom. - **70.** **Diagram:** A cyclobutane ring attached to the first carbon atom of a pentyl group. - **71.** **Diagram:** A cyclohexane with methyl groups attached to the first and third carbon atoms. - **72.** **Diagram:** A cylcopentane ring with three methyl groups attached to the first, first, and second carbon atoms. - **73.** **Diagram:** A cyclohexane ring with methyl groups attached to the first and third carbon atoms. - **74.** **Diagram** A cyclohexane with an ethyl group attached to the fourth carbon atom, a methyl group attached to the second carbon atom, and a propyl group attached to the first carbon atom. - **75.** **Diagram** A three-carbon chain with a chlorine group attached to the first carbon atom, and a methyl group attached to the second carbon atom. - **76.** **Diagram:** A chain of five carbon atoms, with a bromine group attached to the second carbon atom, and a chlorine group attached to thefourth carbon atom. - **77.** **Diagram:** A chain of seven carbon atoms with a methyl group attached to the third, fourth, and fifth carbon atoms. - **78.** **Diagram:** A chain of four carbon atoms with two methyl groups attached to the second carbon atom. - **79.** **Diagram:** A cyclohexane ring with an iodo group attached to the third carbon, a chloro group attached to the first carbon atom, and a bromo group attached to the sixth carbon atom. - **80.** **Diagram:** A cyclobutane with a double bond between the first and second carbon atoms. - **81.** **Diagram:** A cyclohexane with chloro group attached to the first carbon and a bromo group attached to the sixth carbon atom. - **82.** **Diagram:** A chain of four carbon atoms with a bromo group attached to the second carbon atom, a chloro group attached to the second carbon atom, and a methyl group attached to the third carbon atom. - **83.** **Diagram:** A six-carbon chain with a chloro group attached to the third carbon atom and a methyl group attached to the fourth carbon atom. - **84.** **Diagram:** A chain of four carbon atoms with an iodo group attached to the first carbon atom, and two methyl groups attached to thesecond carbon atom. - **85.** **Diagram:** A chain of four carbon atoms with a bromine group attached to the third carbon atom and a methyl group attached to thesecond carbon atom. - **86.** **Diagram:** A chain of six carbon atoms with a chloro group attached to the third carbon atom, a double bond between the second andthird carbon atoms, and a methyl group attached to the fifth carbon atom. - **87.** Diagram: A chain of two carbons with a bromo group on the second carbon, a chloro and fluoro group attached to the first carbonatom, and a fluoro group on the second carbon atom. - **88.** **Diagram:** A four-carbon chain with a bromo group attached to the fifth carbon atom, a chloro group attached to the fourth carbon atom,a triple bond between the second and third carbon atoms. - **89.** **Diagram:** A benzene molecule with a bromo group attached to the first carbon atom and a chloro group attached to the fourth carbon atom. - **90.** **Diagram:** A chain of four carbon atoms with bromo groups attached to the first and fourth carbon atom, a double bond between the secondand third carbon atoms. - **91.** **Diagram:** A three-carbon chain with a bromine attached to the second carbon atom and a methyl group attached to the second carbon atom. - **92.** **Diagram:** A chain of seven carbon atoms with an ethyl group attached to the third carbon atom and two methyl groups attached to thefourth carbon atom. - **93.** **Diagram:** A chain of nine carbon atoms with a bromo group attached to the third carbon atom, a chloro group attached to the fifthcarbon atom, a propyl group attached to the third carbon atom, and two methyl groups attached to the fourth and sixth carbon atoms. - **94.** **Diagram:** A chain of four carbon atoms with a bromo group attached to the fourth carbon, a double bond between the first and secondcarbon atoms a double bond between the third and fourth carbon atoms. - **95.** **Diagram** A chain of six carbon atoms with a chloro group attached to the fourth carbon atom, a bromo group attached to the thirdcarbon atom, a triple bond between the first and second carbon atoms, and a triple bond between the fifth and sixth carbon atoms. - **96.** **Diagram:** A chain of six carbon atoms with a chlorine atom attached to the second carbon atom, a triple bond between the third andfourth carbon atoms, and three methyl groups attached to the second, fifth, and fifth carbon atoms.   - **97.** **Diagram:** A cyclohexane with a methyl group attached to the first carbon atom, and a bromo group attached to the fourth carbonatom. - **98.** **Diagram:** A chain of four carbon atoms with a bromo group attached to the first carbon atom, an iodo group attached to the secondcarbon atom, and a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms. - **99.** **Diagram:** A cyclopentane with a methyl group attached to the second carbon atom and a double bond between the second and thirdcarbon atoms and a bromo group attached to the first carbon atom. - **100.** **Diagram:** A chain of three carbon atoms with a bromine group attached to the first carbon atom, a triple bond between the first andsecond carbon atoms, and an iodo group attached to the third carbon atom. ### IMPORTANT NOTES - The **seniormost functional group** is used to determine the suffix of the IUPAC name. - **Lower locant rule:** If there are multiple substituents, the substituent with the lowest number is given priority. - **Alphabetical order:** If there are multiple substituents, the substituents are listed in alphabetical order. This list provides a basic understanding of how to name organic compounds using IUPAC nomenclature. It is important to note that there are a number of other rules and exceptions that must be considered when naming complex organic compounds.